User:NicoleBrooke1234/Game Day Recycling

Sustainable: of, relating to, or being a method of harvesting or using a resource so that the resource is not depleted or permanently damaged“Sustainable” Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 16 Nov. 2010. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sustainable

Clearstreams: a recycling bag system that facilitates sorting and clean-up “On the go recycling with the clear stream recycler.” Resourceful. 17 Nov. 2010. http://www.clearstreamrecycler.com/

===[http://harvard.edu/ Harvard]===

History

Harvard began its sustainability efforts when a panel of students and faculty began meeting in 1999 to discuss ways the campus could become more green "History.” Harvard. 17 Nov. 2010. http://green.harvard.edu/ofs/history. The Harvard Green Campus Initiative began in 2001, which led to a greater need for a more central office for the sustainability efforts. The Harvard Office for Sustainability was established in fall 2008 and now oversees the game day recycling program.

Program

Harvard’s game day recycling program is supported by Harvard, the Office for Sustainability and the President’s office. “GameDay and beyond.” EPA WasteWise Webinar. 23 Sept. 2010. Retrieved 17 Nov 2010. http://www.epa.gov/osw/partnerships/wastewise/challenge/gameday/webinar/gogan2010.pdf. On game days, Harvard provides **clearstream bags, recycling bins, and safety vets, gloves and “tailgate bags” for volunteers.

The Office for Sustainability recruits employees who have environmental knowledge, produced a game day recycling video and recruits volunteers for game days and other stadium events.

The President’s Office encourages all the departments to cut carbon and be green and the president attends all game days.

Harvard participated in the EPA’s Game Day Challenge in its first two years, 2009 and 2010. (see below).

History

The University of Colorado established its recycling program in 1976. “Recycling” University of Colorado Environmental Center. 17. Nov. 2010. http://ecenter.colorado.edu/recycling. The recycling center works with many departments and student groups to accomplish it’s mission. It operates as a partnership between facilities management (run by the administration) and the student union“Sustainability.” Life at CU. 17 Nov. 2010. http://admissions.colorado.edu/lifeatcu/sustainability.

[http://www.cubuffs.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=600&ATCLID=1549954 Ralphie's Green Stampede] was formed in 2008 to deal specifically with game day recycling. . It is a zero-waste and carbon-reduction program that begun at [http://www.cubuffs.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=600&ATCLID=117805 Folsom Field] during football games and now has expanded to include the [http://www.cubuffs.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=600&ATCLID=118241 Coors Events Center] and all of CU’s sporting events. Its goal is to reach zero-waste at the stadium. Folsom Field provides cups and food containers made from compostabe materials and has “zero-waste” stations throughout the stadium. It was the first major sports stadium in the nation to run a zero-waste process.

Program

The CU game day recycling program’s accomplishments, which were outlined in its report to the [http://www.epa.gov/osw/partnerships/wastewise/challenge/gameday/webinar/debell2010.pdf EPA's GameDay Challenge] includes having an 80-90 percent diversion, no public trashcans, about 25 attended zero-waste stations, more than 90 percent compostable or recyclable packaging and high and broad support “Game Day Challenge.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. 16 Nov. 2010.

http://www.epa.gov/wastes/partnerships/wastewise/challenge/gameday/. The program involves its vendors for large events, encouraging them to provide packaging made with eco-friendly materials, compost their food waste, use bulk condiment dispensers, instruct their employees in proper recycling practices and track and report their annual progress DeBell, Jack. “Ralphie’s green stampede: CU’s drive to zero-waste.” 17 Nov. 2010.http://www.cubuffs.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=600&ATCLID=1549954. Ralphie’s Green Stampede also provided equiptment, signage and posters to encourage and facilitate recycling.

The University of Florida TailGator Green Team was established in 2006 “Recycle” UF Office of Sustainability. 17 Nov. 2010. http://www.sustainability.ufl.edu/greenteam/recycle.html to manage waste at the [http://virtualtour.ufl.edu/campus_sites/stadium.htm Ben Hill Griffin Stadium] during game days. It works to collect recyclable products generated by the masses of people surrounding the stadium while tailgating. The TailGator gameday recycling program relies on volunteers to operate. In its first year, it diverted over 26,500 pounds from the landfill. Since that first year, the Green Team has collected 62.34 tons of recycling, which greatly reduced the waste produced on gamedaysSims, Stephanie. "Gators to compete for recycle title at homecoming game." 13 Oct. 2010. Accessed 17 Nov. 2010. http://news.ufl.edu/2010/10/13/epa-gameday/.

The [http://www.epa.gov/ EPA] is a government agency whose purpose is to ensure the safety of humans and their environment. “Our Mission and What We Do.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. 16 Nov. 2010. http://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/whatwedo.html The EPA has implemented a Game Day Challenge in an effort to reduce the amount of waste accumulated during college football games. “Game Day Challenge.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. 16 Nov. 2010. http://www.epa.gov/wastes/partnerships/wastewise/challenge/gameday/ This Challenge is an initiative of the EPA’s WasteWise program. [http://www.pprc.org/webinars/downloads/EPA%20Waste%20Wise.pdf WasteWise] is a free partnership program that assists its collaborators in meeting their specific goals to reduce and recycle industrial and municipal solid wastes. “Wastes- Partnerships- WasteWise Program. About WasteWise.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. 16 Nov. 2010. http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/partnerships/wastewise/about.htm As part of the Game Day Challenge, colleges across the country compete to determine which university can reduce, reuse and recycle the most waste. Participating colleges and universities have the opportunity to design and implement a waste reduction program for one home football game during the month of October. The schools need to measure the results by tracking and recording data on the amount of waste generated at the football game, the number of recyclables collected and the total number of people in attendance at the game. “Measuring and Reporting.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. 17 Nov. 2010. http://www.epa.gov/wastes/partnerships/wastewise/challenge/gameday/measure.htm Once numbers are reported by the schools, the EPA announces the results and winners during the month of November.

The overall purpose of the Game Day Challenge is to reduce the amount of waste produced at college football games. The program hopes to increase awareness and expand participation by students, faculty, and the entire school community in waste reduction programs in an effort to make college campuses more sustainable.

The Game Day Challenge began in 2009 and eight schools participated. “Results.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. 17 Nov. 2010.

http://www.epa.gov/wastes/partnerships/wastewise/challenge/gameday/results.htm

The eight schools that participated were:

1. Auburn University

2. Brigham Young University

3. Harvard University

4. North Carolina State University

5. Ohio University

6. University of Colorado

7. University of Michigan

8. West Virginia University

By the 2010 challenge, the number of participating schools greatly increased. The number rose from 8 to 88 universities competing in the Game Day Challenge.“Participating Schools.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. 17 Nov. 2010.

http://www.epa.gov/wastes/partnerships/wastewise/challenge/gameday/schools.htm

The 2010 schools are:

1. Alcorn State University

2. Appalachian State University

3. Auburn University

4. Baylor University

5. Bowling Green State University

6. Brigham Young University

7. Bucknell University

8. California Polytechnic State University

9. Central Connecticut State University

10. Central Michigan University

11. Clemson University

12. Duke University

13. Eastern Michigan University

14. Eastern Washington University

15. Fairmont State University

16. Florida A & M University

17. Georgia Institute of Technology

18. Harding University

19. Harvard University

20. Illinois State University

21. Indiana University

22. Iowa State University

23. Ithaca College

24. Kansas State University

25. Lackawanna College

26. Loras College

27. Louisiana State University

28. Marietta College

29. Marist College

30. Mesa Community College

31. Middle Tennessee State University

32. Montana State University

33. North Carolina State University

34. Northwest Missouri State University

35. Northwestern University

36. Ohio University

37. Oregon State University

38. Princeton University

39. Purdue University - ICA

40. Rice University

41. Rutgers University

42. Southern Illinois University Carbondale

43. Southern Methodist University

44. Syracuse University

45. The Florida State University

46. The Ohio State University

47. The University of Alabama

48. The University of Arkansas -Fayetteville

49. The University of Central Oklahoma

50. The University of Rhode Island

51. The University of Tulsa

52. Union College

53. University at Buffalo

54. University of California, Berkeley

55. University of California, Davis

56. University of Central Florida

57. University of Florida

58. University of Georgia

59. University of Kentucky

60. University of Maine

61. University Of Maryland

62. University of Miami

63. University of Michigan

64. University of Minnesota

65. University of Mississippi

66. University of Missouri

67. University of Montana

68. University of Nebraska Lincoln

69. University of North Carolina- Chapel Hill

70. University of North Texas

71. University of Notre Dame

72. University of Oregon

73. University of Rochester

74. University of South Florida

75. University of Tennessee - Knoxville

76. University of Tennessee at Martin

77. University of Texas

78. University of Virginia

79. University of Washington

80. Vanderbilt University

81. Virginia State University

82. Virginia Tech

83. Washington State University

84. West Virginia University

85. West Virginia Wesleyan College

86. Western Kentucky University

87. Western New England College

88. Yale University

The EPA divided the competition into five categories and awards are presented for each category.

1) Waste Generation

The Waste Generation category determines the ranks of schools by their per capita weight of waste generated. This is calculated by measuring the total waste produced, which includes trash, recyclables and compostables and dividing it by the total attendance at the game. This figure is the amount of waste that is produced per person at the game. The University with the lowest per capita waste generation wins the waste generation category.

2) Diversion Rate

The Diversion Rate category ranks schools based on their recycling rate, which is measured by comparing the amount of waste recycled to the total waste produced. The winner of this category is the school that has the largest recycling rate.

3) Greenhouse Gas Reduction

This category ranks schools based on their reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. As waste sits in municipal landfills, greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere. However, when waste is recycled, these greenhouse gas emissions are reduced. The total reductions in emissions that are identified with the schools waste reduction accomplishments are calculated using the EPA’s WARM factors that are programmed in the WasteWise Re-TRAC system. The greenhouse gas reductions are divided by the total game attendance, in order to get a number for the greenhouse gas emission reductions per person. The school with the highest greenhouse gas reduction rate wins.

4) Recycling

The Recycling category ranks schools by the amount of material recycled per person. The weight of recycled material including paper, plastic, glass and cardboard will be totaled and divided by the number of people in attendance at the game. The winner of this category is the school that has the highest recycling rate.

5) Organics Reduction

Organics Reduction category bases their ranking on the per capita weight of reduced organics. The overall weight of reduced organics, which incorporates compostable materials that are either donated, reused, or composted will be divided by the number of people attending the game. The winner of this category is the school with the highest organic reduction rate.

In 2009, more than 40,000 pounds of waste were reduced through the combined efforts of the eight schools. This is equal to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by more than 105 metric tons. This number is comparable to the amount of greenhouse emissions that are produced annually from the consumption of about 12,000 gallons of gasoline or equal to the annual emissions generated from about 4,400 propane cylinders used to fuel gas grills.

The University of Colorado placed first in the categories of Diversion Rate, Gross Green House Gas Reductions through Waste Reduction and Per Capita Composting. Ohio University ranked first in Per Capita Waste Generation. Harvard University took the first place rank in Per Capita Recycling.

The results from the 2010 Game Day Challenge will be posted on the EPA website on November 30, 2010.

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