User:Onetwothreeip/Chicken parmigiana
{{Short description|Italian-Australian dish}}
{{Infobox food|name=Chicken parmigiana|image=|image_size=240px|caption=|alternate_name=|country=|region=|creator=|course=|type=|served=|main_ingredient=chicken breast, tomato sauce, mozzarella|variations=|calories=|other=}}
Chicken parmigiana ({{langx|it|pollo alla parmigiana}}), is a dish that consists of chicken breast covered in bread crumbs, tomato sauce and mozzarella cheese, with other ingredients such as ham or bacon sometimes added.{{cite news |author= |date=October 13, 2012 |title=Debate over a pub favourite |page=10 |newspaper=Daily Liberal and Macquarie Advocate |location=Dubbo, New South Wales}}{{cite news |last1=Cowie |first1=Tom |last2=Bibby |first2=Grace |name-list-style=amp |date=September 11, 2013 |title=To ham or not to ham when ordering a chicken parma |newspaper=The Courier |location=Ballarat, Victoria |url=http://www.thecourier.com.au/story/1770873/to-ham-or-not-to-ham-when-ordering-a-chicken-parma/}} The meal is widely regarded as a pub staple.
Chicken parmigiana has also been included as the base of a number of different meals, including sandwiches{{cite news |author= |date=September 30, 2005 |title=Subway Buys Role on 'Will & Grace' |page=B4 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |location=New York |url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB112804515856256466 |url-access=subscription |id={{ProQuest|398942276}}}} and pies,{{cite news |author= |date=February 18, 2012 |title=Parma pies on menu for Patties |page=31 |newspaper=The Mercury |location=Hobart, Tasmania |quote=WHAT do you get if you take the humble meat pie and the Italian chicken parmigiana and mash them together?}} [http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nfh&AN=201202181031028546&site=ehost-live&scope=site Link]{{subscription}} via EBSCO{{cite news |last=Gannon |first=Genevieve |date=February 17, 2012 |title=Patties pins hopes on "parma" pie |newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://www.smh.com.au//breaking-news-business/patties-pins-hopes-on-parma-pie-20120217-1tdp1.html}} and the meal is used as the subject of eating contests at some restaurants.{{cite news |last=Penberthy |first=David |date=September 7, 2012 |title=Parmageddon: War on culinary theatrics |page=13 |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |url=http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/archive/news/welcome-to-parmageddon-the-war-on-culinary-theatrics/story-e6freall-1226466614192}}
History
The dish originated from the influence of Italian emigrants, particularly after World War II. It has been speculated that the dish originates from the Italian parmigiana di melanzane, a dish using fried eggplant slices and tomato sauce, with a cotoletta, a breaded veal cutlet generally served without sauce or cheese in Italy.
Chicken parmigiana was known in Australia by the 1950s. It was offered in restaurants in Adelaide as early as 1953.{{cite news |date=November 28, 1953 |title=I Say |volume=43 |page=55 |newspaper=The Mail (Adelaide) |issue=2,164 |location=South Australia |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58875263 |access-date=March 24, 2019 |quote=They ask for steak and eggs, but change to Chicken Parmigiana when the waiter explains that it's chicken cooked in light wine and served with grated cheese |via=National Library of Australia}} It is regularly served as a main meal throughout Australia, where it is considered a staple of pub food.{{cite news |last=Watson |first=Callie |date=August 14, 2010 |title=Changing tastes mean humble schnitzel now... More than just pub grub |page=43 |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |url=http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/humble-schnitzel-now-more-than-just-pub-grub/story-e6frea83-1225905074698}}{{cite news |last=Turner |first=Shaun |date=April 7, 2015 |title=Parmi-geddon: the five best (and worst) parmigianas in Perth |newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/your-perth/parmigeddon-the-five-best-and-worst-parmigianas-in-perth-20150501-1mfx1q.html}}{{cite news |last=Horne |first=Tania |date=August 14, 2013 |title=Chicken Parmi... Best in Tassie Challenge! |website=Think Tasmania |url=http://www.think-tasmania.com/chicken-parmi-best-in-tassie-challenge/ |url-status=dead |access-date=August 1, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607043635/http://www.think-tasmania.com/chicken-parmi-best-in-tassie-challenge/ |archive-date=June 7, 2014}}{{cite news |last=Bochenski |first=Natalie |date=April 16, 2015 |title=Brisbane man Stephen Humphreys' quest to find the city's best Parmigiana |newspaper=Brisbane Times |url=http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/brisbane-man-stephen-humphreys-quest-to-find-the-citys-best-parmigiana-20150416-1mmpcl.html |access-date=August 24, 2017}} In a 2019 interview on ABC Radio Hobart, food historian Jan O'Connell believes that chicken parmigiana did not become a pub staple until the 1980s; before that time it was primarily served in restaurants.{{cite news |last=Burgess |first=Georgie |date=July 5, 2019 |title=It's a pub staple across Australia, but how did the chicken parmigiana end up on the menu? |website=ABC News (Australia) |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-05/where-the-chicken-parmigiana-come-from/11277414}}{{cite web |last=O'Connell |first=Jan |date=September 24, 1980 |title=1980 Chicken Parmigiana on the menu |url=https://australianfoodtimeline.com.au/1980-chicken-parmigiana-on-the-menu/ |website=Australian food history timeline}}
Chicken parmigiana is typically served in Australia with a side of chips and salad, with some dispute as to whether the chips should be served under or next to the chicken.{{cite news |last=Cincotta |first=Liz |date=May 22, 2007 |title=Good parma |page=14 |newspaper=The Age |location=Melbourne, Victoria |url=http://newsstore.fairfax.com.au/apps/viewDocument.ac?sy=age&docID=AGE0705221B4SP2VT8EO}} The colloquial name of the dish is also the subject of some dispute, being known variably as "parma", "parmi" and "parmy" across different regions.{{cite web |last=Dabelstein |first=Joshua |date=February 8, 2018 |title=The Great Australian Debate: Is It Chicken Parmi, Parmy or Parma? |url=https://newmatilda.com/2018/02/08/great-australian-debate-chicken-parmi-parmy-parma/ |access-date=April 18, 2019 |work=New Matilda}} Its popularity has led to a dedicated chicken parmigiana restaurant opening in Melbourne, and chicken parmigiana is the subject of reviews on dedicated websites which compare the dish as purchased from various pubs within a region.{{cite news |last=Levin |first=Darren |date=August 7, 2004 |title=Keeping abreast of the Parma best |page=A2.2 |newspaper=The Age |location=Melbourne, Victoria |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/08/04/1091557910488.html}}{{cite news |last=Fair |first=Alex |date=July 18, 2012 |title=A group of Launceston friends are using their love of the good old chicken parmigianas to help boost the city's restaurant industry |page=7 |newspaper=The Examiner |location=Launceston, Tasmania |url=http://www.examiner.com.au/story/158503/challenge-on-to-find-perfect-parmi/}}{{cite news |last=Sinclair |first=Corey |date=May 6, 2015 |title=Territory patriots review chicken parmigianas with hilarious results |newspaper=Northern Territory News |url=http://www.ntnews.com.au/news/only-in-the-territory/territory-patriots-review-chicken-parmigianas-with-hilarious-results/story-fnk2tg5d-1227338609077}}
{{cite AV media |url=https://www.facebook.com/mariongrasby/videos/marions-best-chicken-parmigiana/322419289080026/ |title=Marion’s Best Chicken Parmigiana (video) |date=September 6, 2020 |last=Grasby |first=Marion |author-link=Marion Grasby |work=Marion's Kitchen |transcript-url=https://www.marionskitchen.com/amp/marions-best-chicken-parmigiana/ |transcript=Accompanying written recipe and descriptions}}{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RDFa49VMLWQ |title=Chicken Parmigiana (Katsu Style) - Cooking with Calin 2K |date=July 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/RDFa49VMLWQ |archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}
See also
References
{{reflist|30em}}
External links
- {{commons category-inline|Chicken parmesan}}
{{Chicken dishes}}
:Category:Italian-American chicken dishes
:Category:Italian-Australian culture
:Category:Italian-Canadian culture