Login
Login

User:Stephen2nd/Royal Labels of England

{{Userspace draft|source=ArticleWizard|date=January 2013}}

class="infobox" style="width:22em; text-align:left;"

|+ style="padding-top:0.9em; line-height:160%;"|

colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|
{{pad|0em}}LABEL

220px
three points argent
50px{{pad|2.7em}}50px{{pad|3em}}35px{{pad|.5em}}
Fleur-de-lis or{{pad|1em}}Cross gules{{pad|2em}}Castile or{{pad|.5em}}
{{pad|.5em}}20px{{pad|4.3em}}40px{{pad|3.1em}}40px{{pad|0em}}
Ermine spot{{pad|.7em}}Torteau gules{{pad|.7em}}Lion purpure

|

Heraldic labels are used to differentiate the individual coats of arms of members of the royal family of the United Kingdom. In the Gallo-British heraldic tradition, cadency marks have been available to "difference" the arms of a son from those of his father, and the arms of brothers from each other, and traditionally this was often done when it was considered important for each man to have a distinctive individual coat of arms and/or to differentiate the arms of the head of a house from junior members of the family. This was especially important in the case of arms of sovereignty, since someone who displayed the undifferenced arms of a kingdom would be heraldically claiming the throne. Therefore in the English royal family, systematic cadency marks were used from the time of Henry III of England, typically a label or bordure alluding to the arms of the bearer's mother or wife. For the next three generations, the heir apparent differenced with a label azure, while other sons used a label or bordure of a different tincture, or bearing charges. After about 1340, when Edward III of England made a claim to the throne of France, a blue label did not contrast sufficiently with the blue field of the French quarter of the royal arms; accordingly the heir apparent used a label argent.A Complete Guide to Heraldry by Arthur Charles Fox-Davies (1909), p. 494. (Online texts at http://www.archive.org/details/completeguidetoh00foxduoft or http://www7b.biglobe.ne.jp/~bprince/hr/foxdavies/index.htm .) Bordures of various tinctures continued to be used into the 15th century.

The label

{{Main|Label (heraldry)}}

In the ordinary system of differences a label of three points (which has also been termed a label with three filess) is the distinction of the eldest son during the lifetime of his father. In the oldest rolls of arms the labels are all of five points; but labels of three points were at an early period used interchangeably. Labels are the principal cadency marks used in certain royal families. In the English and British royal family, all labels are argent (white). The sons and daughters of the sovereign all bear labels of three points argent; that of the Prince of Wales is plain, but all others are charged. Further descendants of princes bear labels of five points charged. All such differences should be borne on the arms, crest, and supporters.

The system of a special mark for difference for each member of the family goes back to the time of Henry III, whose successor, as a prince, placed such a mark on the shield of England. Since 1340 this label has almost always been white, and overlaid with small figures, or charges, such as red crosses of St George.Ottfried Neubecker & John Brooke-Little: Heraldry: Sources, Symbols and Meaning (1997). {{ISBN|0316641413}}. "Signs of Differencing" (pp. 96–97). This red cross represents England and its patron saint, and was first borne by Richard of Bordeaux (future king Richard II) before the death of his father the Black Prince in 1376. Other charges used include the gold fleur-de-lis representing France, the Ermine spot, and the Torteau.

=Labels of Plantagenet=

{{see|House of Plantagenet}}

width = "100%" cellpadding = 0 cellspacing = 0
width = "100%" bgcolor = "silver" align="center"|

|width = "100%" bgcolor = "silver" align="center"|

|width = "100%" valign = top|

{| border="1" width = "100%" border="1" cellpadding=10" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"

width = "8%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Royal

!width = "22%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Recipient

!width = "8%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Label
Arms

!width = "5%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Warrant

!colspan=5 bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| {{pad|.1em}}LABEL
80px

!width = "11%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Precedence

!width = "8%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Kingdom
Arms

!width = "20%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"|Father
Mother

!width = "8%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Mother

!width = "8%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Mother's
Arms

align="center"| 50px

| Edward I of England
1239-1307

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"| pre- 1272

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| colspan =2 align="center"| heir apparent
1239–1272

| align="center"| 50px

| Henry III of England 1207-1271
Eleanor of Provence
1223-1291

| align="center"| 40px

| align="center" | File:image

align="center" | 55px

| Edmund Crouchback
1st Earl of Lancaster
1245-1296

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"|

| align=center bgcolor="#6495ED" | 15px
15px
15px

| align=center bgcolor="#6495ED" | 15px
15px
15px

| align=center bgcolor="#6495ED" | 15px
15px
15px

| colspan =2 align="center"|

| align="center"| 50px

| Henry III of England
Eleanor of Provence

| align="center"| 40px

|

align="center"| 50px

| Alphonso, Earl of Chester
1273-1284

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| colspan =2 align="center"|heir apparant
1274-1284

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward I of England
(1) Eleanor of Castile
1241-1290

| align="center"| 45px

| align="center"| 50px

align="center" | File:image

| Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster
(d. 1322)
Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
(d. 1345)

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"|

| align=center bgcolor="#6495ED" | 15px
15px
15px

| align=center bgcolor="#6495ED" | 15px
15px
15px

| align=center bgcolor="#6495ED" | 15px
15px
15px

| colspan =2 align="center"|

| align="center"| 50px

| Edmund Crouchback
Blanche of Artois
1248-1302

| align="center"| 45px

| align="center" | File:image

align="center"| 55px

| Edward II of England
1284-1327

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"| pre- 1307

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| colspan =2 align="center"|heir apparent
1284–1307

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward I of England
(1) Eleanor of Castile

| align="center"| 45px

| align="center"| 50px

align="center" | File:image

| Thomas of Brotherton
1st Earl of Norfolk 1300-1338

| align="center" | 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"|

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| colspan =2 align="center"| heir presumptive
1307–1312

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward I of England
(2) Maragaret of France
1297-1318

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center"| 50px

align="center"| 50px

| Edward III of England
1312-1377

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"| pre- 1327

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| bgcolor="#6495ED"|

| colspan =2 align="center"| heir apparent
1312–1327

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward II of England
Isabella of France
1295-1358

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center"| 50px

align="center"| 50px

| Edward, the Black Prince
1330-1376

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"| pre- 1343

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| colspan =2 align="center"| heir apparent
1330–1376

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward III of England
Philippa of Hainault
1314-1369

| align="center"| 45px

| align="center"| 50px

align="center"| File:image

| Thomas de Mowbray
Earl of Nottingham
1366-1399

| align="center"| Label
5 points
three lionsArt of Heraldry. (Ch xxv, p258, fig 699). Crest of Thomas de Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham, and Earl Marshal. (from a drawing of his seal (1389): MS. Cott, Julius.C vii). [Crest = Lion passant crowned + label of five points. Shield = 3 Lions of England + Label of 5 points].

| colspan =1 align="center"| pre- 1389

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | {{pad|2em}}

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | {{pad|2em}}

| colspan =1 align="right"|45px{{pad|.2em}}
1397-1399

| align="center"| 50px

| John de Mowbray
Elizabeth Segrave
13??-13??

| align="center"| File:image

| align="center"| 50pxSegrave arms. (Dukes of Norfolk) Sable, three garbs or. British Museum. H, 1411, f, 53.

align="center"|50px

| Richard II of England
1367-1400

| align="center"| 50px

| colspan =2 align="center"| pre- 1376

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | {{pad|2em}}

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 30px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | {{pad|2em}}

| colspan =2 align="center" |heir presumptive
1371-1376

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward, the Black Prince
Joan of Kent
1328-1385

| align="center" | 40px

| align="center" | File:image

colspan =2 | {{pad|5.5em}} Prince of Wales

| align="center"| Label
5 points
three LionsArt of Heraldry.(Ch xxv, p255, fig 692). From the seal (1395) of Richard of Carnarvon, Prince of Wales: [Crest = fan shaped erection. Shield = 3 Lions of England + Label of 5 points].

| colspan =1 align="center"| pre- 1395

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| colspan =1 align="center"| heir apparent
1376–1377

| colspan =1 align="center"| 50px

| {{pad|.2em}} 45px
1395-1399

|

|

|}

=Labels of Plantagenet 2 =

{{see|House of Lancaster}}

width = "100%" cellpadding = 0 cellspacing = 0
width = "100%" bgcolor = "silver" align="center"|

|width = "100%" bgcolor = "silver" align="center"|

width = "100%" valign = top|

{| border="1" width = "100%" border="1" cellpadding=10" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"

width = "7%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Royal

!width = "20%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Recipient

!width = "7%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Label
Arms

!width = "5%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Warrant

!colspan=5 bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| {{pad|.1em}}LABEL
80px

!width = "11%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Precedence

!width = "7%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Kingdom
Arms

!width = "20%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"|Father
Mother

!width = "7%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Mother

!width = "7%" bgcolor = "#FFDEAD"| Mother's
Arms

align="center" | 45px

| Lionel, Duke of Clarence
1338-1368

| align=center| 50px

| align=center| 1362

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 30px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 30px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 30px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 30px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 30px

| align="center"|

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward III
Philippa of Hainault
1314-1369

| align="center"| 45px

| align="center"| 50px

align="center"| 50px

| colspan =1 | John of Gaunt,
1st Duke of Lancaster
1340-1399

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align="center" colspan =2|

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward III
Philippa of Hainault

| align="center"| 45px

| align="center"| 50px

align=center| 50px

| colspan =1 | Edmund, Duke of York
1341-1402

| align=center| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 | pre- 1385

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align="center" colspan =2|

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward III
Philippa of Hainault

| align="center"| 45px

| align="center"| 50px

align="center"| 50px

| Henry IV of England
1366-1413

| File:image

|

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

|

| align="center"| 50px

| John of Gaunt
Blanche of Lancaster
1345-1369

| align="center"| 55px

| File:image

| Henry IV of England

| align=center| 50px

|

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

|

| align="center"| 50px

|

|

|

align=center | 45px

| colspan =1 | Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York
1373-1415

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 |

| L1

| L2

| L3

| align="center" colspan =2|

| align="center"| 50px

| Edmund of Langley
Infanta Isabella of Castile
1355-1392

| align="center"| 50px

| File:image

align="center"| 45px

| colspan =1 | Henry V of England 1387-1422

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" |

| align="center" colspan =2|heir apparent
1399–1413

| align="center"| 50px

| Henry IV of England
Mary de Bohun
1368-1394

| align="center"| 50px

| File:image

File:image

| colspan =1 | Thomas, Duke of Clarence
1388-1421

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 | pre- 1412

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px
10px
10px

| align="center" colspan =2| heir presumptive
1413–1421

| align="center"| 50px

| Henry IV of England
Mary de Bohun

| align="center"| 50px

|

File:image

| John, Duke of Bedford
1389-1435

| align=center| 50px

|

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 10px20px
10px20px
10px20px

| align="center"| heir presumptive
1421/22-1435

| align="center"| 50px

| Henry IV of England
Mary de Bohun

| align="center"| 50px

|

align=center | 45px

| colspan =1 | Richard, 3rd Duke of York
1412-1460

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align="center" colspan =2|

| align="center"| 50px

| Richard Conisburgh
Anne de Mortimer
1390-1411

| File:image

| File:image

align=center | 45px

| colspan =1 | Edward IV of England
1442-1483

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 |

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align="center" colspan =2|

| align="center"| 50px

| Richard, 3rd Duke of York
Cecily Neville
1415-1495

| align="center"| 50px

| File:image

File:image

| colspan =1 | Edmund 2nd Duke of York
1443-1460

| File:image

| align="center" colspan =2 | pre- 1459

| L1

| L2

| L3

| align="center" colspan =2|

| align="center"| 50px

| Richard, 3rd Duke of York
Cecily Neville

| align="center"| 50px

|

align="center"| 35px

| colspan =1 | George, Duke of Clarence
1449-1477

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 | pre- 1461

| L1

| L2

| L3

| align="center" colspan =2| heir presumptive
1461–1466

| align="center"| 50px

| Richard, 3rd Duke of York
Cecily Neville

| align="center"| 50px

|

align="center" | 45px

| colspan =1 | Richard III of England
1452-1485

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 |

| L1

| L2

| L3

| align="center" colspan =2|

| align="center"| 50px

| Richard, 3rd Duke of York
Cecily Neville

| align="center"| 50px

|

align=center | 45px

| colspan =1 | Richard, Duke of York
1472-1483

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center" colspan =2 | pre- 1472

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align=center bgcolor="#ffffff" | 20px
20px
20px

| align="center" colspan =2|heir presumptive
1483–1483

| align="center"| 50px

| Edward IV
Elizabeth Woodville
1437-1492

| align="center"| 50px

| align="center"| 50px

|}

See also

References