VPS25

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

{{Infobox protein family

| Symbol = ESCRT-II

| Name = ESCRT-II complex subunit

| image = PDB 1xb4 EBI.jpg

| width =

| caption = crystal structure of subunit vps25 of the endosomal trafficking complex escrt-ii

| Pfam = PF05871

| Pfam_clan =

| InterPro = IPR008570

| SMART =

| PROSITE =

| MEROPS =

| SCOP =

| TCDB =

| OPM family =

| OPM protein =

| CAZy =

| CDD =

}}

Vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VPS25 gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Yorikawa C, Shibata H, Waguri S, Hatta K, Horii M, Katoh K, Kobayashi T, Uchiyama Y, Maki M | title = Human CHMP6, a myristoylated ESCRT-III protein, interacts directly with an ESCRT-II component EAP20 and regulates endosomal cargo sorting | journal = Biochem J | volume = 387 | issue = Pt 1 | pages = 17–26 |date=Mar 2005 | pmid = 15511219 | pmc = 1134928 | doi = 10.1042/BJ20041227 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: VPS25 vacuolar protein sorting 25 homolog (S. cerevisiae)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=84313}}

It is a component of the endosome-associated complex ESCRT-II (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport protein II). ESCRT (ESCRT-I, -II, -III) complexes orchestrate efficient sorting of ubiquitinated transmembrane receptors to lysosomes via multivesicular bodies (MVBs).{{cite journal | vauthors = Gill DJ, Teo H, Sun J, Perisic O, Veprintsev DB, Emr SD, Williams RL | title = Structural insight into the ESCRT-I/-II link and its role in MVB trafficking | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 600–12 |date=January 2007 | pmid = 17215868 | pmc = 1783442 | doi = 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601501 }} ESCRT-II recruits the transport machinery for protein sorting at MVB.{{cite journal | vauthors = Teo H, Perisic O, Gonzalez B, Williams RL | title = ESCRT-II, an endosome-associated complex required for protein sorting: crystal structure and interactions with ESCRT-III and membranes | journal = Dev. Cell | volume = 7 | issue = 4 | pages = 559–69 |date=October 2004 | pmid = 15469844 | doi = 10.1016/j.devcel.2004.09.003 | doi-access = free }} In addition, the human ESCRT-II has been shown to form a complex with RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL in order to exert transcriptional control activity. ESCRT-II transiently associates with the endosomal membrane and thereby initiates the formation of ESCRT-III, a membrane-associated protein complex that functions immediately downstream of ESCRT-II during sorting of MVB cargo. ESCRT-II in turn functions downstream of ESCRT-I, a protein complex that binds to ubiquitinated endosomal cargo.{{cite journal | vauthors = Babst M, Katzmann DJ, Snyder WB, Wendland B, Emr SD | title = Endosome-associated complex, ESCRT-II, recruits transport machinery for protein sorting at the multivesicular body | journal = Dev. Cell | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 283–9 |date=August 2002 | pmid = 12194858 | doi = 10.1016/S1534-5807(02)00219-8| doi-access = free }}

ESCRT-II is a trilobal complex composed of two copies of vps25, one copy of vps22 and the C-terminal region of vps36. The crystal structure of vps25 revealed two winged-helix domains, the N-terminal domain of vps25 interacting with vps22 and vps36.{{cite journal | vauthors = Wernimont AK, Weissenhorn W | title = Crystal structure of subunit VPS25 of the endosomal trafficking complex ESCRT-II | journal = BMC Struct. Biol. | volume = 4 | issue = 1 | pages = 10 |date=December 2004 | pmid = 15579210 | pmc = 539351 | doi = 10.1186/1472-6807-4-10 | doi-access = free }}