Vanadyl perchlorate
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| ImageFile = Vanadyl_perchlorate.png
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| OtherNames = tripercloratooxovanadium
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|unchecked|??}}
| CASNo = 67632-69-3
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| StdInChI=1S/3ClHO4.O.V/c3*2-1(3,4)5;;/h3*(H,2,3,4,5);;/q;;;;+3/p-3
| StdInChIKey = XTDRROXTBUWEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| SMILES = O=[V](OCl(=O)(=O)=O)(OCl(=O)(=O)=O)OCl(=O)(=O)=O }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = VO(ClO4)3
| MolarMass = 356.29 g/mol
| Appearance = golden yellow liquid or crystals.
| Density =
| MeltingPt = 21-22 °C
| BoilingPt = 33.5 °C in vacuum
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|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = oxidant
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|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherCompounds = niobium perchlorate, vanadyl nitrate, chromyl perchlorate }}
}}Vanadyl perchlorate or vanadyl triperchlorate is a golden yellow coloured liquid or crystalline compound of vanadium, oxygen and perchlorate group. The substance consists of molecules covalently bound and is quite volatile; it ignites organic solvents on contact and explodes at temperatures above 80 °C.{{cite book|last1=Fedoroff|first1=Basil T|first2=Oliver E|last2=Sheffield|title=Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items Vol 10 of 10- U to Z, Page V5|volume=10|page=136 |url=https://www.bulletpicker.com/pdf/Encyclopedia%20of%20Explosives,%20Volume%2010.pdf}}
Formation
Vanadyl perchlorate can be made by reacting vanadium pentoxide with dichlorine heptoxide at 5 °C. It is purified by distillation under a vacuum and recrystallisation at 21 °C.
A solution of vanadium(V) perchlorate can be made by dissolving vanadium pentoxide in perchloric acid.{{cite journal|last1=Kustin|first1=Kenneth|last2=Toppen|first2=David L.|title=Reduction of vanadium(V) by L-ascorbic acid|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|date=June 1973|volume=12|issue=6|pages=1404–1407|doi=10.1021/ic50124a038}}
The reaction of vanadium pentoxide and dichlorine hexoxide could produce VO(ClO4)3:{{cite journal|last1=Schmeisser|first1=Martin|title=Die Chemie der anorganischen Acylnitrate (ein Problem des Nitrylchlorids) und Acylperchlorate (ein Problem des Dichlorhexoxyds)|journal=Angewandte Chemie|volume=67|issue=17–18|year=1955|pages=493–501|issn=0044-8249|doi=10.1002/ange.19550671708|bibcode=1955AngCh..67..493S}}
: 2 V2O5 + 12 Cl2O6 → 4 VO(ClO4)3 + 12 ClO2 + 3 O2
Properties
It can react with vanadium oxychloride to form another vanadyl perchlorate (VO2ClO4):
: 4 VO(ClO4)3 + 2 VOCl3 → 6 VO2ClO4 + 6 ClO2 + 3 Cl2 + 3 O2
Related
Other perchlorates include pervanadyl perchlorate, also known as dioxovanadium perchlorate, which contains VO2+ ions,{{cite journal|last1=Ramsey|first1=J. B.|last2=Heldman|first2=M. J.|title=Kinetics of the Trivalent Vanadium—Iodine Reaction|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|date=July 1936|volume=58|issue=7|pages=1153–1157|doi=10.1021/ja01298a026|bibcode=1936JAChS..58.1153R }} vanadyl diperchlorate, oxovanadium perchlorate or vanadium(IV) perchlorate, and VO(ClO4)2, which dissolves in water.{{cite journal|last1=Iannuzzi|first1=Melanie M.|last2=Rieger|first2=Philip H.|title=Nature of vanadium(IV) in basic aqueous solution|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|date=December 1975|volume=14|issue=12|pages=2895–2899|doi=10.1021/ic50154a006}}{{cite journal|last1=Wuethrich|first1=K.|last2=Connick|first2=Robert E.|title=Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation of oxygen-17 in aqueous solutions of vanadyl perchlorate and the rate of elimination of water molecules from the first coordination sphere|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|date=March 1967|volume=6|issue=3|pages=583–590|doi=10.1021/ic50049a035}} Vanadic perchlorate, also known as vanadium(III) perchlorate solution in water, is a green-tinged blue colour, significantly different to most other V(III) solutions, which are complexed.{{cite journal|last1=Furman|first1=Sydney C.|last2=Garner|first2=Clifford S.|title=Absorption Spectra of Vanadium(III) and Vanadium(IV) Ions in Complexing and Non-complexing Media|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|date=April 1950|volume=72|issue=4|pages=1785–1789|doi=10.1021/ja01160a105|bibcode=1950JAChS..72.1785F }}