Vasishthiputra Pulumavi
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| alt = Satavahana
| caption = Bilingual coinage of Sri Vasishthiputra Pulumavi in Prakrit and Dravidian (possibly Old Kannada), and transcription of the obverse Prakrit legend.
Obverse: Portrait of the king. Legend in Prakrit in the Brahmi script (starting at 12 o'clock):
𑀭𑀜𑁄 𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀺𑀣𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑀲 𑀲𑀺𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀼𑀎𑀼𑀫𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀲
Raño Vāsiṭhiputasa Siri-Puḷumāvisa
"Of King Lord Pulumavi, son of Vasishthi"
Reverse: Ujjain and arched-hill symbols. Legend in Dravidian (resembling Tamil more than Telugu ),{{cite book |last1=Sircar |first1=D. C. |title=Studies in Indian Coins |date=2008 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |isbn=9788120829732 |page=113 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m1JYwP5tVQUC&pg=PA113 |language=en}} and the Dravidian script, similar to the Brahmi script (starting at 12 o'clock):
𑀅𑀭𑀳𑀡𑀓𑀼 𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀣𑀺 𑀫𑀸𑀓𑀡𑀓𑀼 𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀼 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀼𑀫𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀓𑀼
Arahaṇaku Vāhitti Mākaṇaku Tiru Pulumāviku{{cite book |title=Epigraphia Āndhrica |date=1969 |publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh |page=XV |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ek5mAAAAMAAJ&q=Arahanaku+Vahitti+Makanaku+Tiru+Pulumaviku&dq=Arahanaku+Vahitti+Makanaku+Tiru+Pulumaviku |language=en}}
or: Aracanaku Vācitti Makaṇaku Tiru Pulumāviku{{cite book |last1=Nākacāmi |first1=Irāmaccantiran̲ |last2=Nagaswamy |first2=R. |title=Tamil Coins: A Study |date=1981 |publisher=Institute of Epigraphy, Tamilnadu State Department of Archaeology |page=132 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VjsfAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}
"Of King Tiru Pulumavi, son of Vasishthi""The Sātavāhana issues are uniscriptural, Brahmi but bilingual, Prākrit and Telugu." in {{cite book |title=Epigraphia Andhrica |date=1975 |page=x |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D7u1AAAAIAAJ |language=en}}
| succession = Satavahana King
| reign = {{circa|85–125 CE}}
| predecessor = Gautamiputra Satakarni
| successor = Vashishtiputra Satakarni
| dynasty = Satavahana
| father = Gautamiputra Satakarni
| religion = Buddhism
}}
Vasishthiputra Pulumavi (Brahmi: 𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀺𑀣𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢 𑀧𑀼𑀎𑀼𑀫𑀸𑀯𑀺, Vāsiṭhiputa Puḷumāvi, {{IAST3|Vāsiṣṭhiputra Śrī Pulumāvi}}) was a Satavahana king, and the son of Gautamiputra Satakarni.{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Upinder|title=A history of ancient and early medieval India : from the Stone Age to the 12th century|date=2008|publisher=Pearson Education|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788131711200|page=381|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC|access-date=11 April 2016}} The new consensus for his reign is {{Circa|85}}-125 CE,Bhandare, Shailendra, (1999). Historical Analysis of the Satavahana Era: A study of Coins, University of Mumbai, pp. 168-178.Shimada, Akira, (2012). Early Buddhist Architecture in Context: The Great Stupa at Amaravati (ca 300 BCE - 300 CE), Brill, p. 52.von Hinuber, Oskar, (2016). "Buddhist Texts and Buddhist Images: New Evidence from Kanaganahalli (Karnataka/India)", ARIRIAB Vol. XIX (March 2016), p. 15. although it was earlier dated variously: 110–138 CE{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MBuPx1rdGYIC&pg=PA166 |title=Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History |editor=Susan E. Alcock |editor-link=Susan E. Alcock |chapter=On the edge of empire: form and substance in the Satavahana dynasty |author=Carla M. Sinopoli |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2001 |pages=166–168 |isbn=9780521770200 }} or 130–159 CE.{{cite book | author=Susan L. Huntington | title=The "Pāla-Sena" Schools of Sculpture | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xLA3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA32 | date=1 January 1984 | publisher=Brill Archive | isbn=90-04-06856-2 |page=175 }} He is also referred to as Vasishthiputra Sri Pulumavi. Ptolemy, the second century writer, refers to Pulumavi as Siriptolemaios, a contemporary of the Western satrap, Chastana."According to Ptolemy, Siriptolemaios (Sri Pulumayi), son of Gautamiputra Satakarni, continued to reign at Paithan (Pratisthana), while Ozene (Ujjain) fell into the hands of Tiasthenes (Chastana)." Alain Danielou, A Brief History of India (Inner Traditions, 2003), mentioned [http://www.rambles.net/danielou_briefind03.html here]
He is said to be the first Satavahana king to rule from Dhanyakataka, now Dharanikota in Andhra Pradesh,{{Cite book |last=H. Sarkar |first= |url=https://archive.org/details/amaravati00sark/page/8/ |title=Amaravati |last2=S. P. Nainar |first2= |date=2007 |publisher=Archaeological Survey of India |others= |edition=5th |pages=8}} while some note his capital as Paithan.{{cite book |last1=Alcock |first1=Susan E. |last2=Alcock |first2=John H. D'Arms Collegiate Professor of Classical Archaeology and Classics and Arthur F. Thurnau Professor Susan E. |last3=D'Altroy |first3=Terence N. |last4=Morrison |first4=Kathleen D. |last5=Sinopoli |first5=Carla M. |title=Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History |date=2001 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521770200 |page=172 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MBuPx1rdGYIC&pg=PA172 |language=en}}
Coinage
Some of the lead coins of Pulumavi depict two-masted Indian ships, a testimony to the seafaring and trading capabilities of the Satavahanas during the 1st-2nd century CE. During his rule, Gautami Balasri, the mother of Gautamiputra Satakarni, laid an inscription at Nashik. Pulumavi was succeeded by his younger brother Vashishtiputra Satakarni.{{Sfn|Rao|1994|p=14}}
File:Vashishthiputra Shri Pulumavi.jpg|{{center|Coinage of Vashishthiputra Sri Pulumavi, with Prakrit legend in the Brahmi script (starting at 12 o'clock):
𑀭𑀜𑁄 𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀺𑀣𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑀲 𑀲𑀺𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀼𑀎𑀼𑀫𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀲
Raño Vāsiṭhiputasa Siri-Puḷumāvisa
"Of King Lord Pulumavi, son of Vasishthi".}}
File:Indian ship on lead coin of Vashishtiputra Shri Pulumavi.jpg|Indian ship on lead coin of Vasishthiputra Pulumavi.
File:Coin of Pulumavi (14782800622).jpg|{{center|Coinage of Vashishthiputra Sri Pulumavi, with Prakrit legend in the Brahmi script (starting at 12 o'clock):
𑀭𑀜𑁄 𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀺𑀣𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢(𑀲 𑀲𑀺𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀼)𑀎𑀼𑀫𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀲
Raño Vāsiṭhiputa(sa Siri-Pu)ḷumāvisa
"Of King Lord Pulumavi, son of Vasishthi".}}
Nashik Pandavleni Caves
Near Nashik, Cave No.3 of Pandavleni Caves was built by Queen Gotami Balasiri during the reign of Pulumavi, and also received a dedication by Sri Pulumavi himself. The cave was dedicated to the Samgha. Based on inscription no. 3, the mountain on which the caves are present was known as Mount Tiranhu during the time of Sri Pulumavi and the area around Nashik caves was known as Sudasana, which was a part of district/province known as Govardhana.
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state = {{{1 |
One long inscription (inscription No.2) in the 19th year of Satavahana king Sri Pulumavi (2nd century CE), explaining that Queen Gotami Balasiri, mother of glorious king Gotamiputra, caused this cave to be built and gave it to the Samgha.Epigraphia Indica [https://archive.org/stream/EpigraphiaIndica/Epigraphia_Indica p.60ff] There is also another long inscription (inscription No.3) by Sri Pulumavi himself, also in the 22nd year of his reign. 010 Cave 3, Exterior (33156264563).jpg|Cave 3, exterior 011 Cave 3, Pillars and Relief (33928504416).jpg|Cave 3, pillars 020 Cave 3, Chaitya Relief and Cells (33584555950).jpg|Interior 014 Cave 3, Dwarapala, Left (33584577620).jpg|Dvarapala 021 Cave 3, Chaitya Relief (33156425683).jpg|Chaitya relief |
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state = {{{1 Nasik Cave No.3, inscription No.3 (reign of Sri Pulumavi) |
{{quote|File:Nasik inscription No3.jpg
" Success ! The lord of Navanara, Siri-Pulumavi Vasithiputa, commands Sivakhandila, the officer at Govadhana: The village of Sudisana here in the Govadhana district on the Southern road, which by us, in the 19th year, on the 13th day of the 2nd fortnight of summer, , . . . . by the Samanas of Dhanamkata who [dwell] here on mount Tiranhu ......, has been given to be owned by the Bhikshus of that fraternity, the Bhadayaniyas dwelling in the Queen's Cave, to produce a perpetual rent for the care of the cave meritoriously excavated, - in exchange for this gift, -the village of Sudasana,- we give the village of Samalipada, here in the Govadhana district on the Eastern road; and this village of Samalipada, .......by the Maha-Aryaka, you must deliver to be owned by the Bhikshus of the school of the Bhadayaniyas dwelling in the Queen's Cave, to produce a perpetual rent for the care of the cave meritoriously excavated; and to this village of Samalipada we grant the immunity belonging to monk's land, (making it) not to be entered (by royal officers), not to be touched (by any of them), not to be dug for salt, not to be interfered with by the district police, (in short) to enjoy all kinds of immunities. With all these immunities you must invest it; and this donation of the village of Samalipada and the immunities take care to have registered here at Sudasana. And by the (officers) entrusted with the abrogation of the (previous) donation of the Sudasana village it has been ordered. Written by the Mahdsendpati Medhnna ....., kept (?) by the ....... of deeds (?). The deed was delivered in the year 22, the 7th day of the . . fortnight of summer; executed by .... . (?). With a view for the well-being of the inhabitants of Govadhana, Vinhupala proclaims the praise of the Lord: Obeisance to the Being exalted in perfection and majesty, the excellent Jina, the Buddha." |Nasik Caves inscription of Sri-Pulumavi, Cave No.3Epigraphia Indica [https://archive.org/stream/EpigraphiaIndica/Epigraphia_Indica p.66-67]}} |
Karla caves inscription
{{Main|Karla Caves}}
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| header=Vasishthiputra Pulumavi inscription
| image1 = Vasishthiputra Pulumavi inscription at Karla caves.jpg
| image2 = Karla Chaitya inscription of Vasishthiputra Pulumavi (top lintel left of the main entrance).jpg
| footer=Karla inscription of Vasishthiputra Pulumavi, left of the main entrance
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On the lintel to the left of the main entrance to the Great Chaitya at Karla Caves, facing the inscription of Nahapana and posterior to it by a generation, there is also an inscription by Satavahana ruler Sri Pulumayi, that is, Vasishthiputra Pulumavi:{{cite book |last1=Senart |first1=E |title=EPIGRAPHIA INDICA VOL 7 |publisher=MANAGER OF PUBLICATIONS, DELHI |pages=61–62 |url=https://archive.org/details/epigraphiaindica014351mbp/page/n79/mode/2up |language=pt}}
{{Quote|In the seventh year of the king Sri Pulamavi, son of Vasithi, in the fifth fortnight of summer, on the first day, on the above, by the Maharathi Somadeva son of Vasithi, the son of the Maharathi Mitradeva son of Kosiki, of the Okhalakiyas, there was given to the community of Valuraka, of the Valuraka caves, a village with its taxes ordinary and extraordinary, with its income fixed or proportional.|Inscription 14 of Sri Pulumavi.Royal patronage of Buddhism in ancient India, by Kanai Lal Hazra - 1984 - Page 176}}
References
{{Satavahana}}
{{Reflist}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-bef | before=Gautamiputra Satakarni}}
{{s-ttl | title=Satavahana ruler | years=2nd century CE }}
{{s-aft | after=Vashishtiputra Satakarni}}
{{end}}
{{citation|title=History and Culture of Andhra Pradesh: From the Earliest times to the present day |last=Rao|publisher=Sterling publishers|year=1994|isbn=81-207-1719-8}}
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