Velehrad

Velehrad is located about {{convert|6|km|0}} northwest of Uherské Hradiště and {{convert|23|km|abbr=on}} southwest of Zlín. It lies mostly in the Chřiby highlands, only the southernmost part of the municipal territory extends into the Kyjov Hills. The highest point is the hill Kamenný kopec at {{convert|495|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. The built-up area lies in the valley of the Salaška Stream.

The first written mention of Velingrad is from 1141. It was however the old name of neighbouring Staré Město, from which the name Velehrad was derived.{{cite web |title=Historie města|url=https://www.staremesto.uh.cz/?page_id=41|publisher=Město Staré Město|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-10}} In 1205, Moravian Margrave Vladislaus III founded here a Cistercian monastery. The Romanesque monastery complex was finished in the first half of the 13th century.{{cite web |title=Historie poutního místa a jeho památky|url=https://www.velehrad.cz/pamatky-ve-velehrade|publisher=Obec Velehrad|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-10}}

After the monastery was abolished in 1784 by a decree of Emperor Joseph II, the people who worked in the monastery founded a municipality. The dilapidated monastery complex was gradually repaired in the mid-19th century. Since 1890 it has been managed by Society of Jesus. It became an important pilgrimage site with the annual participation of tens of thousands of pilgrims. In the 1990s it was visited twice by Pope John Paul II.

{{historical populations

|align=none|cols=2

|1869|544

|1880|585

|1890|594

|1900|610

|1910|686

|1921|798

|1930|936

|1950|1196

|1961|1565

|1970|1503

|1980|1535

|1991|1623

|2001|1471

|2011|1276

|2021|1099

|source=Censuses{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2021-03-27}}}}

File:Klášter cisterciáků (Velehrad) 3.JPG

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

File:Mariánský sloup ve Velehradě (Q105002480).jpg

The large complex of the former Cistercian monastery with the Basilica of the Assumption of Mary and Saints Cyril and Methodius is protected as a national cultural monument. It is the most famous pilgrimage site in the Czech Republic.{{cite web |title=Velehrad|url=http://www.poutnimistacr.cz/poutni-mista/velehrad.html|publisher=Poutní místa ČR|language=cs|access-date=2020-11-25}} The monastery complex from the 13th century was rebuilt in the Baroque style in the mid-18th century, but some parts of the original late Romanesque buildings have been preserved.{{cite web |title=Cisterciácký klášter|url=https://pamatkovykatalog.cz/cisterciacky-klaster-19033437|publisher=National Heritage Institute|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-25}}

A landmark is the Marian column, located opposite the monastery. It is a Baroque column dating from 1676. In 1705, it was expanded by four statues of saints.{{cite web |title=Mariánský sloup|url=https://pamatkovykatalog.cz/mariansky-sloup-12857830|publisher=National Heritage Institute|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-25}}

Other monuments and sights in Velehrad include the Velehrad house of Saints Cyril and Methodius (an information centre and a museum in the former farm buildings), the Velehrad cemetery (with many important personalities buried), Rosary Pilgrimage Route with Stations of the Cross (connecting Velehrad with Staré Město) and many statues of saints and other small religious monuments.{{cite web |title=Velehrad|url=http://www.velehradinfo.cz/en/|publisher=Velehrad Pilgrimage Site|access-date=2024-07-25}}

• Franciszek Rychnowski (1850–1929), Polish engineer
• Otmar Oliva (born 1952), sculptor; lives and works here

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |date=2014 |first=Luděk |last=Galuška |chapter=Christianity in the period of the Byzantine Mission and the Archbishopric of Methodius on the basis of archaeological sources in the area of Veligrad – Staré Město and Uherské Hradiště |pages=74–83 |title=The Cyril and Methodius Mission and Europe: 1150 Years Since the Arrival of the Thessaloniki Brothers in Great Moravia |isbn=978-80-86023-51-9}} OS LG 2023-08-18.

{{commons category|Velehrad}}

• {{official|https://www.velehrad.cz}}

{{Uherské Hradiště District}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Villages in Uherské Hradiště District

Category:Catholic pilgrimage sites