Vellamo

{{short description|Deity}}

{{More citations needed|date=January 2021}}

{{Infobox deity

| type = Finnish

| name = Vellamo

| image = Päijät-Häme.vaakuna.svg

| caption = Vellamo pictured as a mermaid in the coat of arms of Päijänne Tavastia.[https://www.kuntaliitto.fi/kunta/paijat-hame Päijät-Häme – Kuntaliitto] (in Finnish)[https://paijat-hame.fi/paijat-hameen-liitto/maakuntatunnukset/ Maakuntatunnukset – Päijät-Hämeen liitto] (in Finnish)

| deity_of = Mistress of Water

| other_names = Vellimys (Kainuu)

| gender = Female

| ethnic_group = Finns, Karelians

| spouse = Ahti

| offspring = Vellamo's maiden

}}

Vellamo ({{IPA|fi|ˈʋelːɑmo}}), also spelled Wellamo, is the goddess of water, lakes and seas in Finnish mythology. She is called Veen emäntä (Mistress of Water).

Vellamo is said to be tall and beautiful, and is much respected by fishermen, who pray to her for good fishing luck. Vellamo can also control the winds to help sailors, and she controls the storms and waves. Vellamo has magical cows that live on underwater fields. Sometimes, during the morning mist, she brings her cows above the surface to eat water hay. Vellamo wears a blue dress that is made from sea foam.

Vellamo's husband is the Finnish sea god Ahti. In Finnish fishing spells, Vellamo and Ahti are asked to bring their cattle (fish) into fishing nets.{{Cite web|url=http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-kvr-069390|title=SKVR XII2 6709.|website=skvr.fi|publisher=Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura|date=1833|access-date=2025-03-26}}

The {{ill|Maritime Center Vellamo|fr|Centre maritime de Vellamo}}, which is located in the city of Kotka, Finland, is named after Vellamo.[https://www.merikeskusvellamo.fi/en/ VELLAMO, Unexpected points of view.][https://lma.fi/projects/maritime-centre-vellamo Maritime Centre Vellamo - Lahdelma & Mahlamäki architects]

Name

The name "Vellamo" has been theorized to come from the Finnish word velloa, which means 'to churn', describing the movement of water and waves. Kaarle Krohn also thought the name could've originally been Vetramo or Vetrimys, because runic songs include a mention of Veitikan vesi ("water of Veitikka") which Krohn saw as having originally been Vetrikka.{{cite book |last=Krohn |first=Kaarle |date=1914 |title=Suomalaisten runojen uskonto |location=Porvoo |publisher=WSOY and Finnish Literature Society |page=316}}

Epithets

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!Epithet

!class="unsortable"|Epithet meaning

!Regions

Vellamo, veen emäntä{{cite web |author= |date=1937 |title=SKVR XIII4 13074. |url=http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-kvr-084667 |website=skvr.fi |location= |publisher=Finnish Literature Society |access-date=2025-04-15}}
Vellimys, veen emäntä

|'Vellamo, Mistress of Water'

|Central Finland, Kainuu, North Karelia, North Savo, Satakunta, South Karelia, White Karelia

Vellamo, veen kuninkas{{cite web |author= |date=1889 |title=SKVR I4 38. |url=http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-kvr-002378 |website=skvr.fi |location= |publisher=Finnish Literature Society |access-date=2025-04-15}}

|'Vellamo, King of Water'

|White Karelia and/or North Ostrobothnia

Vellamo, veen emonen{{cite web |author= |date=1888 |title=SKVR I4 1312. |url=http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-kvr-003760 |website=skvr.fi |location= |publisher=Finnish Literature Society |access-date=2025-04-15}}
Vellamo, veten emä{{cite web |author= |date=1932 |title=SKVR VI2 4869. |url=http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-kvr-027335 |website=skvr.fi |location= |publisher=Finnish Literature Society |access-date=2025-04-15}}

|'Vellamo, mother of water'

|North Savo, Olonets Karelia

Veen eukko, ruokorinta

|'Old woman of water, breast of reed'

|Kainuu, Olonets Karelia, White Karelia

Vellamo, veneen äiti{{cite web |author= |date=1917 |title=SKVR XII2 6683 α. |url=http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-kvr-069361 |website=skvr.fi |location= |publisher=Finnish Literature Society |access-date=2025-04-15}}

|'Vellamo, mother of boat'

|Kainuu

Sataharjun hallihtija{{cite web |author= |date=1833 |title=SKVR XII2 6709. |url=http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-kvr-069390 |website=skvr.fi |location= |publisher=Finnish Literature Society |access-date=2025-04-15}}

|'Ruler of a hundred eskers'

|Kainuu

Salon sinisilmä piika pikkarainen

|'Little blue-eyed maid of deep forest'

|North Savo

Further reading

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Kalevala}}

Category:Finnish goddesses

Category:Sea and river goddesses

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