Vellayani Devi Temple

File:Vellayani devi idol detailed view.jpg

The temple enshrines Goddess Bhadrakali as the presiding deity. The deity, as per the scriptures is a form of Shiva's wrath. Goddess Kali is situated toward the north (vadakke nada). The idol is known in the local Malayalam language as Thirumudi. The idol of the Goddess in the Vellayani temple is one of the largest among the idols of Kerala Kali temples.{{Cite web |url=http://keralawindow.net/templesoftrivandrum.htm |title=Welcome to Kerala window |access-date=2 December 2012 |archive-date=24 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024124523/http://keralawindow.net/templesoftrivandrum.htm |url-status=live }} The idol is four and a half feet in height as well as width. Pure gold and precious stones decorate the frontal view of the idol.{{Cite web |url=http://wikimapia.org/15397432/Vellayani-Devi-Temple |title=Vellayani Devi Temple - Thiruvananthapuram |access-date=2 December 2012 |archive-date=26 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226081032/http://wikimapia.org/15397432/Vellayani-Devi-Temple |url-status=live }}

File:Upadevatha's in Vellayani Devi Temple.jpg

Other deities worshipped at the Vellayani Devi temple called Upadevatha's temples include Lord Shiva, Lord Ganesh and Nagaraja. The temple also has a small sub-temple where another deity Madan Thampuran is enshrined.{{Cite web |url=http://www.india9.com/i9show/Vellayani-Devi-Temple-86185.htm |title=Vellayani Devi Temple in Thiruvananthapuram India |access-date=2 December 2012 |archive-date=23 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823002946/http://www.india9.com/i9show/Vellayani-Devi-Temple-86185.htm |url-status=live }}

In the temple Antler is also worshipped. The circulating notion about this is that the antler serves as a medium to invoke the spirit of the divinity at a new-built temple.{{cite web |url=http://www.boloji.com/index.cfm?md=Content&sd=Articles&ArticleID=11089 |title=Antler Worship in Bali and South Travancore by Dr. V. Sankaran Nair |publisher=Boloji.com |date=2011-06-11 |access-date=2013-10-18 |archive-date=26 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226081032/https://www.boloji.com/ |url-status=live }} One of the antlers kept in the Sanctum sanctorum oriented towards the east is from the Thekkathu.{{Cite web |url=http://www.boloji.com/index.cfm?md=Content&sd=Articles&ArticleID=11090 |title=The Antiquity of the Tradition of Antler Worship by Dr. V. Sankaran Nair |access-date=3 December 2012 |archive-date=26 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226081031/https://www.boloji.com/ |url-status=live }}

File:Kalankaval in Vellayani.jpg

Legend says that a Kollan (blacksmith) named Kelan Kulasekhara saw a frog with divine spirit of Goddess near Vellayani Lake. He caught the divine frog with the help of his assistant who belonged to a low caste. They brought the matter to the Nair chieftains of the locality and with their help Kulasekhara consecrated the Thiru Mudi (idol) in which divine spirit is evoked. The right to perform Uchabali (a ritual connected with festival of the temple) is still held by the Nair families. Priest of the temple is not belonging to Brahmin community but a selected person belonging to the Kollan (blacksmith) community.

File:Kali lithograph.jpg

Darika was a demon who received a boon from Brahma which granted that he would never be defeated by any man living in any of the fourteen worlds of Hindu mythology. This made Darika immensely powerful and arrogant. Armed with this boon, Darika went on to conquer the world, defeating even Indra, the king of the Devas. As his atrocities became intolerable, the sage Narada requested Shiva to contain Darika. Shiva agreed, circumventing Brahma's boon by declaring that Darika would be killed by the goddess Kali.{{cite web |url=http://www.artskerala.in/mudiyett.html |title=>Welcome To Arts Kerala | an Encyclopedia on Kerala Art Forms |publisher=Artskerala.in |access-date=2013-05-08 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022071435/http://www.artskerala.in/mudiyett.html |url-status=live }} Shiva opened his third eye and produced Kali, whose purpose was to destroy Darika. Goddess being a woman and one not born among the humans. Goddess did so by beheading him. Goddess didn't stop with Darika and, unable to control her rage, began destroying the landscape and the very humans for whose sake she had destroyed Darika. The Gods could not defeat her, and she was finally calmed when Shiva lay on the ground in front of her, submitting.{{cite web |url=http://www.lifepositive.com/Spirit/Tantra/Shakti_Incarnate82005.asp |title=Shakti Incarnate |publisher=Lifepositive.com |access-date=2013-10-18 |archive-date=20 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020020811/http://www.lifepositive.com/Spirit/Tantra/Shakti_Incarnate82005.asp |url-status=live }}

File:Purathezhunallathu At Vellayani Devi Temple.jpg

Vellayani Devi Temple is renowned for celebrating the longest non-Pilgrimage festival of South India and the duration of the festival is around 65 to 70 days. This festival is held every three years, usually between February and April. The festival is known as the Kaliyoottu Mahotsavam, which literally means "the festival to sumptuously feed Devi".{{Cite web |url=http://trivandrumdistrict.blogspot.in/2010/10/vellayani.html#Vellayani%20Devi%20Temple |title=Welcome to Trivandrum District: Vellayani |access-date=2 December 2012 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305120824/http://trivandrumdistrict.blogspot.in/2010/10/vellayani.html#Vellayani%20Devi%20Temple |url-status=live }} Kaliyoottu is the dramatic presentation of the genesis of Bhadrakali and Darika the representatives of good and evil respectively, their confrontation and later the extermination of Darika in devotional terms and with rhythmic footsteps.{{cite web |url=http://keralatemples.info/temple/vellayani-devi-temple/36 |title=Kerala Temples in Vellayani - Vellayani Devi Temple |publisher=Keralatemples.info |date=2007-08-20 |access-date=2013-10-17 |archive-date=26 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226081031/http://keralatemples.info/temple/vellayani-devi-temple/36 |url-status=live }}

Kaliyoottu is a ritualistic performing art. The most important rituals associated with the Kaliyoottu festival are Kalamkaval, Uchabali, Dikkubali, Paranettu and Nilathil Poru.

Here in Vellayani encompassing beautiful Vellayani Lake, is the heaven of the resplendent "Vellayani Devi" (Goddess Bhadrakali), is the deity of this village. The deity is in the form of a golden crown ("Thanka Thirumudi"), inside Mudippura (mudi means hair of goddess and pura means house). Pujaris in Mudipuras called 'Vathis', play an important role in Kaliyoottu. During Kaliyoottu Vathi dressed as Bhadrakali will perform the Kalamkaval ceremony wearing the "Thanka Thirumudi".

Once in three years here celebrating Kaliyoottu, ie. " Thanka Thirumudi " The main deity who comes out from the Mudippura and visits all the four directions (Dikkubali) insearch of "Darika" (The Evil). Finally, the goddess finds Darika near the temple on her journey on air (Paranettu) and calls him for an open war (Nilathil poru).

On the nilathil poru day Devi kills Darika and ensures peace and prosperity to her devotees. This ritual is a symbolic victory over Evil by Goodness.

The Vellayani Kaliyoottu is the longest running festival celebrated in Kerala, continuously for 70 days. The date of the Kaliyoottu festival was announcing on the ceremony called "Thiruvay Prasnam" (on the basis of astrology)

The darshan of the "Thanka Thirumudi" (Goddess Golden Thirumudi crown, the main deity) is an enlightening experience for the devotees. The Kaliyoottu gives pleasure, peace and prosperity to the Devotees.

Karadikottu is the maiden custom related with the festival performed with a special drum. The performer is locally known as Panan.{{cite web |title=Vellayani Devi Temple |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |website=keralatourism.org |access-date=29 January 2021 |archive-date=29 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129213910/https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |url-status=live }}

File:Kalankaval in Vellayani Devi Temple.jpg

Kalamkaval is a famous customs practiced at the temple premises and nearby places during festival. It is believed that the Goddess Bhadrakali searches her enemy demon, Daaruka in all directions before putting him to death. Devotees commemorate this legend by seeing this unique Kalamkaval. Kalamkaval is the ritual in which chief priest, carries the idol on his head and performs some trance like dances until he is unconscious. During kalamkaval, chief priest wears anklet and thiruvabharam (traditional gold ornaments of goddess that includes kappu, vanki, odyanam, paalakka mala, pichi mottu mala, muthu mala etc.). All people believe that the priest gets strength to carry on the trance with the idol on his head, due to the blessings of the Devi enshrined in the temple.{{Cite web |url=http://pendrive.xomba.com/vellayani_devi_temple_a_temple_with_unique_features |title=Vellayani Devi Temple, a temple with unique features |access-date=2 December 2012 |archive-date=20 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020054757/http://pendrive.xomba.com/vellayani_devi_temple_a_temple_with_unique_features |url-status=live }}

Nagaroottu is the custom performed (before "Uchabali") for the satisfaction of Naga.

File:Uchabali in Vellayani Devi Temple.jpg

Uchabali is another custom performed during the festival. About sixty four gestures like in Kadhakali are used for the performance. Mathsyam, sampannam, chathurasramam, sarppamudra, and jyothimudra are some of the main gestures used. A beautiful crown built of coconut palm is fixed at the spot of Uchabali. Uchabali is performed during midnight.

It is believed that a fight erupted between Devi and the demon Darikan in sky. The fight is enacted on a specially erected stage, about 100 feet high and is conducted at night known as Paranettu.

File:Vellayani Kaliyoottu.jpg

File:Vellayani devi after nilathilporu.jpg

Nilathilporu that marks the conclusion of the Kaaliyoottu festival at Vellayani Devi Temple. During the climactic moment of this ceremony, the demon Daarika (the man with the symbolic crown in the foreground) weeps and begs for mercy from the Goddess. Subsequently, the Goddess beheads the demon.{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/article1763358.ece?css=print | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Slaying of the demon | date=2011-04-24 | access-date=2 December 2012 | archive-date=26 December 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226081039/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Slaying-of-the-demon/article14695225.ece?css=print | url-status=live }}

File:Vellayani Devi’s Aaraattu.jpg

The festival, Kaliyoottu, ended with a grand procession knows as Aaraattu.{{Cite web |url=http://www.bharatonline.com/kerala/festivals/arattu-festival.html |title=Aaraattu Festival - Kerala Aaraattu Temple Festival - Aaraattu Festival Kerala India |access-date=2 December 2012 |archive-date=26 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226081039/http://www.bharatonline.com/kerala/festivals/arattu-festival.html |url-status=live }} During Aaraattu the Idol is cleaned using water collected from 101 pots.{{cite web |title=Vellayani Devi Temple |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |website=keralatourism.org |access-date=29 January 2021 |archive-date=29 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129213915/https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |url-status=live }} Aaraattu is conducted at vellayani lake. A girl from the priest family below ten years of age, along with chief priest performs the function.{{cite web |title=Vellayani Devi Temple |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |website=keralatourism.org |access-date=29 January 2021 |archive-date=29 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129213911/https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |url-status=live }}

Every day, the temple opens at 5:30 pm and closes at 8:00 pm. On Sunday, Tuesday and Friday, the temple is also open from 12:30 pm to 2:00 pm, during which a special Madhu Pooja is performed for the Goddess.{{cite web |title=Vellayani Devi Temple |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |website=keralatourism.org |access-date=29 January 2021 |archive-date=29 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129213912/https://www.keralatourism.org/1000festivals//assets/uploads/pdf/1515480262-0.pdf |url-status=live }} On the first day of all Malayalam months, the temple will open at morning 5:30 am and close at 8:00 am.

Pongala Festival at Vellayani Devi Temple is celebrated during the Malayalam month of Meenam on the Aswathy Nakshatram (Aswini Nakshatra). Pongala is the rice cooked with jaggery, ghee, coconut as well as other ingredients in the open in small pots by women to please the Goddess

One person died{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-29/thiruvananthapuram/31253871_1_cracker-unit-annual-pongala-festival-karakkamandapam |title=One dies in cracker unit fire at Vellayani Devi temple |date=2012-03-29 |access-date=2013-10-31 |archive-date=3 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103015625/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-29/thiruvananthapuram/31253871_1_cracker-unit-annual-pongala-festival-karakkamandapam |work=The Times of India |url-status=dead }} of the five persons who were injured in an explosion in temple firework shed on 26 March 2012. The accident took place around 8.45 a.m. when last-minute arrangements were on for the Aswathi pongala festival at the temple. The embers from an exploded pipe gun fell on the stored explosives resulting in the blast. The compound that housed the fireworks shed was behind the temple and soon after the blast, the area was engulfed in smoke. The police have registered cases against five men for careless handling of explosives.{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/five-injured-in-fireworks-blast-at-temple/article3224875.ece |title=Five injured in fireworks blast at temple |newspaper=The Hindu |date=2012-03-26 |access-date=2013-10-17 |location=Chennai, India |archive-date=21 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021184924/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/five-injured-in-fireworks-blast-at-temple/article3224875.ece |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=https://newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article460807.ece |title=Five hurt as fireworks explode at temple |publisher=The New Indian Express |access-date=2013-10-17 |archive-date=26 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226081103/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2012/mar/26/five-hurt-as-fireworks-explode-at-temple-352302.html |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/five-hurt-as-fireworks-explode-at-temple/242792-60-116.html |title=Five hurt as fireworks explode at temple |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |date=2012-03-26 |access-date=2013-10-17 |archive-date=20 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020194454/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/five-hurt-as-fireworks-explode-at-temple/242792-60-116.html |url-status=dead }}

{{Commons category|Vellayani Devi Temple}}

• List of Hindu temples in Kerala
• Vellayani Lake
• Attukal Temple
• Padmanabhaswamy Temple
• Bhadrakali

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{{Sister project links|Vellayani Devi Temple}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20130820095705/http://kerala.me/thi_religious_places.php Pilgrim Centers in Thiruvananthapuram Kerala.me]

• http://www.keralaculture.org/kerala-festivals/kaliyoottu-vellayani/203/2

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