Veritable Records
{{Short description|Historical records compiled by the dynasties of China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam}}
{{Infobox Chinese
|t={{linktext|實|錄}}
|s={{linktext|实|录}}
|p=Shílù
|w=Shih2-lu4
|hangul=실록
|hanja={{linktext|實|錄}}
|rr=Sillok
|vie=Thực lục
|chuhan={{linktext|寔|錄}}
|shinjitai={{linktext|実|録}}
|hiragana=じつろく
|romaji=Jitsuroku
}}
Veritable Records are historical records compiled by government (court) historians of Chinese dynasties since the 6th century, and later in Korea, Japan and Vietnam which adopted the Chinese bureaucratic system and the writing system of Classical Chinese. Typically they were compiled immediately following the death of a monarch (preparations sometimes began while he was still alive{{harvnb|Twitchett|loc=p. 40.}}) and follow a strictly prescribed format. Veritable Records are highly detailed and contain a wealth of political, economical, military, and biographical information.
Famous examples include (all written in Classical Chinese):
- China: Ming Veritable Records (for the Ming dynasty), Qing Veritable Records (for the Qing dynasty)
- Japan: Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku (Veritable Records of Three Reigns of Japan)
- Korea: Joseon Wangjo Sillok (Veritable Records of the Joseon dynasty)
- Vietnam: Đại Nam thực lục (Veritable Records of Great Nam)
During the Yuan and Qing dynasties of China, Veritable Records were also written in Mongol and Manchu respectively.
Origin
The earliest Veritable Records were those compiled under the direction of Zhou Xingsi (周興嗣, 469–521) for the reign of the Emperor Wu of Liang (r. 502–549),{{cite web|url=http://www.chinaknowledge.de/Literature/Terms/shilu.html|title=shilu 實錄, veritable records|website=Chinaknowledge|last=Theobald|first=Ulrich|date=2010-07-11}} but the practice of writing Veritable Records did not become standardized until the reign of the Emperor Taizong of Tang (r. 626–649), who was obsessed with his historical legacy.{{harvnb|Wechsler|loc=p. 216.}}
Examples
class="wikitable" |
Dynasty
!Title |
---|
Tang dynasty {{small|(China)}} |Tang Shilu ("Veritable Records of Tang") |
Liao dynasty {{small|(China)}} |Huangchao Shilu ("Veritable Records of the Imperial Dynasty") |
Later Zhou {{small|(China)}} |Zhou Shizong Shilu ("Veritable Records of Shizong of Zhou") |
Song dynasty {{small|(China)}} |Song Shilu ("Veritable Records of Song") |
Jin dynasty {{small|(China)}} |Jin Shilu ("Veritable Records of Jin") |
Western Xia {{small|(China)}} |Xixia Shilu ("Veritable Records of Western Xia") |
Yuan dynasty {{small|(China)}} |Yuan Shilu ("Veritable Records of Yuan") |
Ming dynasty {{small|(China)}} |Ming Shilu ("Veritable Records of Ming") |
Kingdom of Tungning {{small|(China)}} |Xianwang Shilu ("Veritable Records of the Deceased King") |
Qing dynasty {{small|(China)}} |Qing Shilu ("Veritable Records of Qing") |
rowspan=4|Imperial House of Japan {{small|(Japan)}} |Shoku Nihon Kōki ("Extended Chronicle of Japan") |
Nihon Montoku Tennō Jitsuroku ("Veritable Records of Emperor Montoku of Japan") {{lang|ja|日本文徳天皇実録}} |
Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku ("Veritable Records of Three Reigns of Japan") {{lang|ja|日本三代実録}} |
Shōwa Tennō Jitsuroku ("Veritable Records of Emperor Showa") {{lang|ja|昭和天皇実録}} |
Joseon dynasty {{small|(Korea)}} |Joseon Wangjo Sillok ("Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty") |
Nguyễn dynasty {{small|(Vietnam)}} |Đại Nam thực lục ("Veritable Records of Great Nam") |
See also
References
= Citations =
{{Reflist}}
= Sources =
{{refbegin}}
- {{The Cambridge History of China | volume = 3 |chapter=Introduction |pages=1–47 |last=Twitchett |first=Denis |ref = {{harvid|Twitchett}} }}
- {{The Cambridge History of China | volume = 3 |chapter = T'ai-tsung (reign 626–49) the Consolidator |pages=188–241 |last=Wechsler|first=Howard J. |ref = {{harvid|Wechsler}} }}
{{refend}}
Category:History of Imperial China
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{{Japan-hist-stub}}
{{Korea-hist-stub}}
{{Vietnam-hist-stub}}