Vermont Senate

The 30 senators are elected from 16 single- and multi-member senate districts.{{cite news |last=Mearhoff |first=Sarah |date=25 March 2022 |title=Senate unanimously approves new district maps with little debate |url=https://vtdigger.org/2022/03/25/senate-unanimously-approves-new-district-maps-with-little-debate%EF%BF%BC/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelierm Vermont |access-date=19 February 2025}} The districts largely correspond to the boundaries of the state's 14 counties with adjustments to ensure equality of representation. Each district elects between 1 and 3 senators at-large depending on population. For the 2023–2033 districts, seven districts elect one senator each, four districts elect two each, and five districts elect three each.{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Senate Redistricting for 2022 |url=https://legislature.vermont.gov/Documents/SmallMaps/2022/Final%20Senate%20Statewide.pdf |publisher=Caliper}} Senators in multi-member districts are elected at-large throughout the district. Vermont is the only state to have any senate districts represented by more than two senators each, as well as the only state to employ bloc voting for senate elections.{{Cite web|url=https://ballotpedia.org/State_legislative_chambers_that_use_multi-member_districts|title=State legislative chambers that use multi-member districts|website=Ballotpedia|access-date=Aug 24, 2019}}

Vermont is one of the 14 states where the upper house of its state legislature serves non-staggered, two-year terms, rather than the more common four-year term.{{cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Number of Legislators and Length of Terms in Years |url=https://www.ncsl.org/resources/details/number-of-legislators-and-length-of-terms-in-years |website=NCSL.org |location=Denver |publisher=National Conference of State Legislatures |access-date=18 February 2025}} There are no term limits.{{cite web |title=Guide to Law Online: Vermont; Legislative |url=https://guides.loc.gov/law-us-vermont/legislative |website=LOC.gov |location=Washington, DC |publisher=Library of Congress |access-date=18 February 2025}} The governor is empowered to fill legislative vacancies; the party of the previous holder of the seat almost always recommends candidates, and the governor usually chooses an appointee from that list, though this process is a tradition and not legally required.{{cite news |last=Stewart |first=Megan |date=24 May 2024 |title=North Hero resident Andy Julow tapped to finish Dick Mazza's VT Senate term |url=https://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/story/news/politics/2024/05/24/andy-julow-appointed-to-fill-dick-mazza-vermont-senate-seat-colchester-grand-isle/73817410007/ |work=The Burlington Free Press |location=Burlington, Vermont |access-date=18 February 2025}}{{cite news |last=Keays |first=Alan J. |date=7 June 2017 |title=Three Rutland County GOP members chase Senate vacancy |url=https://vtdigger.org/2017/06/07/three-rutland-county-gop-members-chase-senate-vacancy/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelier, Vermont |access-date=18 February 2025}}{{cite news |last=Solsaa |first=Greta |date=31 December 2024 |title=Phil Scott to fill open Rutland County House seat: Republican Chris Brown ran unopposed for the seat in November |url=https://vtdigger.org/2024/12/31/phil-scott-to-fill-open-rutland-county-house-seat/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelier, Vermont |access-date=18 February 2025}}

The lieutenant governor of Vermont serves as the president of the Senate, but casts a vote only if required to break a tie.{{cite book |last=Feldman |first=Rachel |date=1 December 2016 |title=Fiscal Year 2017 Budget Request |url=https://ljfo.vermont.gov/assets/docs/appropriations/fy_2017/Department-Budgets/32795bec99/Lt-Governor-Budget.pdf |location=Montpelier, Vermont |publisher=Office of the Lieutenant Governor |page=4}} In the absence of the lieutenant governor, the president pro tempore presides over the Senate.{{cite web |date=2024 |title=Senate President Pro Tempore |url= https://protem.vermont.gov/|website=State of Vermont |location=Montpelier, Vermont |publisher=Vermont General Assembly |access-date=18 February 2025}} The president pro tempore is elected by the majority party caucus followed by confirmation from the entire body through a Senate resolution, and is the Senate's chief leadership position.{{cite news |last=Duffort |first=Lola |date=13 November 2022 |title=Democrats unanimously nominate Phil Baruth to serve as president of the Vermont Senate |url=https://vtdigger.org/2022/11/13/democrats-unanimously-nominate-phil-baruth-to-serve-as-president-of-the-vermont-senate/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelier, VT |access-date=18 February 2025}} The majority and minority leaders are elected by their respective party caucuses.{{cite news |last=Robinson |first=Shaun |date=27 November 2024 |title=Vermont Senate Republicans tap Scott Beck as new caucus leader |url=https://vtdigger.org/2024/11/27/vermont-senate-republicans-tap-scott-beck-as-new-caucus-leader/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelier, Vermont |access-date=18 February 2025}}

Committee assignments are determined by the Committee on Committees.{{cite news |last=Heintz |first=Paul |date=9 January 2025 |title=Committee leadership in the Vermont Senate sees major overhaul |url=https://vtdigger.org/2025/01/09/committee-leadership-in-the-vermont-senate-sees-major-overhaul/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelier, Vermont |access-date=18 February 2025}} This panel consists of the lieutenant governor, the president pro tempore and one member chosen by the full Senate. From 1997 to 2024 the third member of the committee was Richard Mazza.{{cite news |date=9 April 2024 |title=On Monday’s Other Eclipse |url=https://thevpo.org/2024/04/09/on-mondays-other-eclipse/ |work=The Vermont Political Observer |location=Montpelier, Vermont |publisher=John S. Walters |access-date=18 February 2025}} As of 2025, the third member is Ginny Lyons.{{cite news |date=16 November 2024 |title=New leadership in Vt. Senate |url=https://www.wcax.com/2024/11/17/new-leadership-vt-senate/ |work=WCAX-TV |location=Burlington, Vermont |access-date=18 February 2025}}

• ↑: Member was originally appointed

The full Senate meets Tuesday and Friday mornings only for the first seven weeks of the annual session.{{cite book|author1=Remsen, Nancy |author2=Hallenbeck, Teri|name-list-style=amp|title=Following the Legislature|publisher=Burlington Free Press|date=January 8, 2009}}

The Vermont Senate is aided by a small administrative staff, including the secretary of the Vermont Senate and several assistants.{{cite web |url=https://legislature.vermont.gov/senate/secretary-of-the-senate/ |title=Secretary of the Senate |date=2023 |website=Legislature.Vermont.gov |publisher=Vermont General Assembly |location=Montpelier, VT |access-date=May 30, 2023}} Since 2011, the Senate secretary has been John H. Bloomer, a former member of the Senate.{{cite web |url=https://legislature.vermont.gov/assets/All-House-Documents/Secretaries-of-the-Senate.pdf |title=State of Vermont Secretaries of the Senate, 1836–2011 |date=2011 |website=Legislature.Vermont.gov |publisher=Vermont General Assembly |location=Montpelier, VT |access-date=May 30, 2023 |page=1}} Previous secretaries include Ernest W. Gibson Jr., Murdock A. Campbell, and Franklin S. Billings Jr.

{{See also|Political party strength in Vermont}}

Vermont originally had a unicameral legislature; most of the functions normally performed by an upper legislative house were the responsibility of the governor and council.{{cite book |last=Dealey |first=James Quayle |date=1915 |title=Growth of American State Constitutions from 1776 to the End of the Year 1914 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UmSsAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA37 |location=New York |publisher=Ginn and Company |page=37 |via=Google Books}} The state abolished the governor's council and added a senate via an 1836 constitutional amendment.{{cite web |url=http://www.leg.state.vt.us/reports/02redistricting/LAB_Senate.pdf |title=Report of the Legislative Apportionment Board: The 2001 Tentative Plan for the Vermont Senate |publisher=Bluehouse Group |access-date=April 29, 2016}}

The longest-serving member of the Vermont Senate was William T. Doyle; he was elected in 1968, reelected every two years until 2014, and defeated for reelection in 2016.{{cite news |last=Robinson |first=Shaun |date=8 August 2024 |title='An institution': Bill Doyle, Vermont's longest-serving state senator, dies at 98 |url=https://vtdigger.org/2024/08/20/an-institution-bill-doyle-vermonts-longest-serving-state-senator-dies-at-98/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelier, Vermont |access-date=18 February 2025}} Doyle served from January 1969 to January 2017; no other legislator in Vermont history—member of the Vermont House, member of the Vermont Senate, or member of both the House and Senate—has served longer than Doyle.{{cite news |date=20 August 2024 |title=Bill Doyle, longest-serving Vermont legislator, dies at age 98 |url=https://vermontdailychronicle.com/bill-doyle-longest-serving-vermont-legislator-dies-at-age-98/ |work=Vermont Daily Chronicle |location=Berlin, Vermont |publisher=Guy Page |access-date=18 February 2025}}

The following is from the Vermont Secretary of State.{{cite web |date=May 9, 2012 |title=Senate Redistricting for 2012 |url=https://www.sec.state.vt.us/media/70259/2012-Senate-Districts-42312.pdf |publisher=Vermont Secretary of State}}

For more than 100 years from the 1850s to the 1960s, the Vermont Republican Party won every election for statewide office.{{cite news |last=Reidel |first=Jon |date=25 January 2012 |title=New Book Explains Vermont's Left Turn: Alums team up with professor emeritus to shed light on how Gov. Hoff ended 100 years of Republican rule |url=https://www.uvm.edu/uvmnews/news/new-book-explains-vermonts-left-turn |work=UVM News |location=Burlington, Vermont |publisher=University of Vermont |access-date=19 February 2025}} In keeping with the "Mountain Rule", which was created to ensure party unity, governors and lieutenant governors were from opposite sides of the Green Mountains, and were limited to two years in office.{{cite book |last=Hand |first=Samiel B. |date=2002 |title=The Star That Set: The Vermont Republican Party, 1854-1974 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ONLUwZ2Z0JsC&pg=PA37 |location=Lanham, Maryland |publisher=Lexington Books |pages=36 37 |isbn=978-0-7391-0600-6 |via=Google Books}} Candidates for governor and lieutenant governor were agreed upon by party leaders years in advance, and were often chosen for leadership positions in the House or Senate to groom them for statewide office.{{cite book |last=Bryan |first=Frank M. |date=1974 |title=Yankee Politics in Rural Vermont |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yr5WAAAAYAAJ&q=vermont+governors+apprenticeship+speaker |location=Lebanon, New Hampshire |publisher=University Press of New England |page=61 |isbn=978-0-8745-1082-9 |via=Google Books}}

Most individuals who have served as governor or lieutenant governor had experience in the Vermont legislature; many served in the State Senate. Governors who served in the Vermont Senate include:

William A. Palmer (post-governorship);{{cite web |title=Biography, William A. Palmer |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-a-palmer/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Horace Eaton;{{cite web |title=Biography, Horace Eaton |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/horace-eaton/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Carlos Coolidge (post-governorship);{{cite web |title=Biography, Carlos Coolidge |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/carlos-coolidge/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} John S. Robinson;{{cite web |title=Biography, John S. Robinson |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-staniford-robinson/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Ryland Fletcher;{{cite book |editor-last=Brown |editor-first=John Howard |date=1906 |title=The Biographical Dictionary of America |volume=IV |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZUXlGYx4ddsC&pg=PA1802 |location=Boston |publisher=American Biographical Society |page=1802, Fletcher-Flick |via=Google Books}} Frederick Holbrook;{{cite web |title=Biography, Frederick Holbrook |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/frederick-holbrook/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Paul Dillingham;{{cite web |title=Biography, Paul Dillingham |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/paul-dillingham/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} George Whitman Hendee;{{cite web |title=Biography, George Whitman Hendee |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/george-whitman-hendee/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} John Wolcott Stewart;{{cite web |title=Biography, John Wolcott Stewart |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-wolcott-stewart/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Julius Converse;{{cite web |title=Biography, Julius Converse |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/julius-converse/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Horace Fairbanks;{{cite web |title=Biography, Horace Fairbanks |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/horace-fairbanks/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Redfield Proctor;{{cite web |title=Biography, Redfield Proctor |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/redfield-proctor-sr/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Roswell Farnham;{{cite web |title=Biography, Roswell Farnham |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/roswell-farnham/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} John L. Barstow;{{cite web |title=Biography, John L. Barstow |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-lester-barstow/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Ebenezer J. Ormsbee;{{cite web |title=Biography, Ebenezer J. Ormsbee |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/ebenezer-jolls-ormsbee/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} William P. Dillingham;{{cite web |title=Biography, William P. Dillingham |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-paul-dillingham/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Carroll S. Page;{{cite web |title=Biography, Carroll S. Page |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/carroll-smalley-page/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Levi K. Fuller;{{cite web |title=Biography, Levi K. Fuller |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/levi-knight-fuller/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Josiah Grout;{{cite web |title=Biography, Josiah Grout |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/josiah-grout/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} John G. McCullough;{{cite web |title=Biography, John G. McCullough |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-griffith-mccullough/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Charles J. Bell;{{cite web |title=Biography, Charles J. Bell |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/charles-james-bell/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Fletcher D. Proctor;{{cite web |title=Biography, Fletcher D. Proctor |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/fletcher-dutton-proctor/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} George H. Prouty;{{cite web |title=Biography, George H. Prouty |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/george-prouty/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} John A. Mead;{{cite web |title=Biography, John A. Mead |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-abner-mead/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Allen M. Fletcher;{{cite web |title=Biography, Allen M. Fletcher |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/allen-m-fletcher/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Charles W. Gates;{{cite web |title=Biography, Charles W. Gates |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/charles-w-gates/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Percival W. Clement;{{cite web |title=Biography, Percival W. Clement |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/percival-w-clement/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Redfield Proctor Jr.;{{cite web |title=Biography, Redfield Proctor Jr. |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/redfield-proctor-jr/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} John E. Weeks;{{cite web |title=Biography, John E. Weeks |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-eliakim-weeks/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Stanley C. Wilson;{{cite web |title=Biography, Stanley C. Wilson |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/stanley-calef-wilson/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Charles Manley Smith;{{cite web |title=Biography, Charles Manley Smith |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/charles-manley-smith/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} William H. Wills;{{cite web |title=Biography, William H. Wills |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-h-wills/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Mortimer R. Proctor;{{cite web |title=Biography, Mortimer R. Proctor |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/mortimer-r-proctor/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Lee E. Emerson;{{cite web |title=Biography, Lee E. Emerson |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/lee-emerson/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Joseph B. Johnson;{{cite web |title=Biography, Joseph B. Johnson |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/joseph-blaine-johnson/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Philip H. Hoff (post-governorship);{{cite web |title=Biography, Philip H. Hoff |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/philip-henderson-hoff/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} Peter Shumlin;{{cite web |title=Biography, Peter Shumlin |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/peter-shumlin/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}} and Phil Scott (incumbent).{{cite web |title=Biography, Phil Scott |url=https://www.nga.org/governors/vermont/ |website=NGA.org |location=Washington, DC |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=20 February 2025}}

Vermont's lieutenant governors who served in the state senate include:

Waitstill R. Ranney,{{cite book |last=Royce |first=Caroline Halstead |date=1902 |title=Bessboro: a History of Westport, Essex Co., N.Y. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d8zUYmQ2iZsC&pg=PA391 |location=Westport, New York |publisher=C. H. Royce |page=391 |via=Google Books}} Leonard Sargeant,{{cite magazine |last=Harrington |first=Shawn |date=January 11, 2017 |title=Public Servants of the Past: Leonard Sargeant |url=https://strattonmagazine.com/history/public-servants-of-the-past/ |magazine=Stratton |location=Manchester, Vermont |publisher=Manchester Historical Society}} William C. Kittredge,{{cite book |last=Adams |first=A. N. |editor-last=Hemenway |editor-first=Abby Maria |date=1877 |title=The Vermont Historical Gazetteer: Fair Haven |volume=III |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vJUbAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA740 |location=Claremont, New Hampshire |publisher=Claremont Manufacturing Company |pages=739–740 |via=Google Books}} Jefferson P. Kidder,{{cite web |author=Historian of the US House of Representatives |title=Biography, Jefferson Parish Kidder |url=https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/K000164 |website=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress |location=Washington, DC |publisher=US House of Representatives |access-date=April 3, 2025}} Burnham Martin,{{cite book |last=Child |first=Hamilton |date=1888 |title=Gazetteer of Orange County, Vt., 1762-1888 |url=https://archive.org/details/gazetteeroforang00chil/page/n111/mode/2up |location=Syracuse, New York |publisher=Syracuse Journal Company |page=96–97 |via=Internet Archive}} Levi Underwood,{{cite book |editor-last=Miller |editor-first=Richard F. |date=2013 |title=States at War |volume= 1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WdIVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA633 |location=Hanover, New Hampshire |publisher=University Press of New England |page=633 |isbn=978-1-61168-324-0 |via=Google Books}} Abraham B. Gardner,{{cite book |editor-last=Fairbanks |editor-first=Wilson Lincoln |date=1891 |title=The Delta Upsilon Quinquennial Catalogue |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LXZDVKZInn0C&pg=PA671 |location=Boston |publisher=Rockwell and Churchill |page=671 |via=Google Books}} Stephen Thomas,{{cite magazine |last=Forbes |first=Charles Spooner |date=October 1895 |title=The Vermont Legislature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RkZEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA57 |magazine=The Vermonter |location=St. Albans, Vermont |pages=57–58 |via=Google Books}} George N. Dale,{{cite book |last=Crockett |first=Walter Hill |date=1923 |title=Vermont: The Green Mountain State |volume=Five |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9W0jAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA292 |location=New York |publisher=The Century History Company |page=292–293 |via=Google Books}} Russell S. Taft,{{cite magazine |date=February 1899 |title=Chief Justice Russell S. Taft |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F2-FJ701yyUC&pg=PA235 |magazine=The Kimball Family News |location=Topeka, Kansas |page=235 |via=Google Books}} Lyman G. Hinckley,{{cite book |last=Prescott |first=Benjamin F. |date=1888 |title=Dartmouth College, Class of 1856 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NKoaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA62 |location=Concord, New Hampshire |publisher=Republican Press Association |page=62 |via=Google Books}} Eben Pomeroy Colton,{{cite book |last=Ullery |first=Jacob G. |date=1894 |title=Men of Vermont Illustrated |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nvg_AAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA78 |location=Brattleboro, Vermont |publisher=Transcript Publishing Company |page=78 |via=Google Books |ref={{sfnRef|Men of Vermont Illustrated}}}} Henry A. Fletcher,{{sfn|Men of Vermont Illustrated|pages=140–141}} Farrand Stewart Stranahan,{{sfn|Men of Vermont Illustrated|pages=386–387}} Zophar Mansur,{{cite book |last=Ellis |first=Mary Rebecca |date=1926 |title=The House of Mansur |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xsA1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA91 |location=Jefferson City, Missouri |publisher=Hugh Stephens Press |page=91 |via=Google Books}} Nelson W. Fisk,{{cite magazine |last=Brainerd |first=Lawrence 2nd |date=February 1901 |title=Vermont Men of Today: Nelson W. Fisk |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QmdEAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA73 |magazine=The Vermonter |location=St. Albans, Vermont |publisher=Charles Spooner Forbes |page=73 |via=Google Books}} Henry C. Bates,{{cite book |last=Howland |first=Fred A. |author-link=Fred A. Howland |date=1898 |title=Vermont Legislative Directory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EQ1QAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA349 |location=Montpelier, Vermont |publisher=Vermont Warchman |page=349 |via=Google Books}} Martin F. Allen,{{cite magazine |date=November 1900 |title=Lieut.-Governor Martin F. Allen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hY8eAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA57 |magazine=The Vermonter |location=St. Albans, Vermont |publisher=Charles Spooner Forbes |page=57 |via=Google Books}} Zed S. Stanton,{{cite book |last=Stone |first=Arthur F. |date=1929 |title=The Vermont of Today |volume=III |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nBFE1cQ0YlwC&pg=PA23-IA20 |location=New York |publisher=Lewis Historical Publishing Company |pages=30–31 |via=Google Books}} Charles H. Stearns,{{cite book |editor-last=Leonard |editor-first=John William |date=1911 |title=Who's Who In Finance, Banking, and Insurance |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaooAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA947 |location=New York |publisher=Joseph & Sefton |page=947 |via=Google Books}} Leighton P. Slack,{{cite book |last=Crockett |first=Walter Hill |date=1923 |title=Vermont: The Green Mountain State |volume=Five |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9W0jAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA179 |location=New York |publisher=The Century History Company |page=179 |via=Google Books}} Hale K. Darling,{{cite book |editor-last=Marquis |editor-first=Albert Nelson |date=1916 |title=Who's Who In New England |edition=Second |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5jk1AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA311 |location=Chicago |publisher=A. N. Marquis & Company |page=311 |via=Google Books}} Roger W. Hulburd,{{cite book |last=Fifield |first=James Clark |date=1925 |title=The American Bar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uDYMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA671 |location=Minneapolis |publisher=James C. Fifield Company |page=671 |via=Google Books}} Abram W. Foote,{{cite news |date=May 14, 1941 |title=A. W. Foote Lieut.-Governor Of Vt., 1921–23 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news-obituary-for-abram/169563648/ |work=Burlington Daily News |location=Burlington, Vermont |page=7 |via=Newspapers.com}} Walter K. Farnsworth,{{cite news |date=August 5, 1929 |title=W. K. Farnsworth Buried In Windsor |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald-obituary-for-walter/169562752/ |work=Rutland Herald |location=Rutland, Vermont |page=7 |via=Newspapers.com}} Consuelo N. Bailey,{{cite web |date=2023 |title=Lieutenant Governor Consuelo Northrop Bailey: Description |url=https://digitalvermont.org/exhibits/show/kunin/item/1915 |website=Digital Vermont: Governor Madeleine Kunin Collection |location=Montpelier, Vermont |publisher=Vermont Historical Society |access-date=April 4, 2025}} Robert S. Babcock,{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Hon. Robert S. Babcock '37 |url=https://www.rochester.edu/athletics/halloffame/bios/babcock_robert.html |website=University of Rochester Athletic Hall of Fame |location=Rochester, New York |publisher=University of Rochester, New York |access-date=April 4, 2025}} T. Garry Buckley,{{cite news |last=Goswami |first=Neal P. |date=May 25, 2012 |title=T. Garry Buckley remembered |url=https://www.benningtonbanner.com/local-news/t-garry-buckley-remembered/article_740818b4-159e-51c7-8d8b-68a13567c4a8.html |work=Bennington Banner |location=Bennington, Vermont}} Barbara Snelling (post-lieutenant governorship),{{cite news |last=O'Connor |first=Kevin |date=November 2, 2015 |title=Barbara Snelling, a power in her own right, dies at 87 |url=https://vtdigger.org/2015/11/02/barbara-snelling-dies-at-age-87/ |work=VT Digger |location=Montpelier, Vermont}} Doug Racine,{{cite news |last=Walters |first=John |date=February 21, 2022 |title=Racine Mulls Run for Governor |url=https://thevpo.org/2022/02/21/racine-mulls-run-for-governor/ |work=Vermont Political Observer |location=Montpelier, Vermont}} David Zuckerman,{{cite news |last1=Early |first1=Steve |last2=Gordon |first2=Suzanne |date=October 23, 2023 |title=Lieutenant Governor, Farmer and Unapologetic Progressive |url=https://barnraisingmedia.com/lieutenant-governor-farmer-and-unapologetic-progressive/ |work=Barn Raiser |location=Chicago, Illinois}} and John S. Rodgers (incumbent).{{cite web |date=2025 |title=About John Rodgers |url=https://ltgov.vermont.gov/about/john-rodgers |website=Office of the Lieutenant Governor |location=Montpelier, Vermont |publisher=State of Vermont |access-date=April 3, 2025}}

Many of Vermont's members of the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives also served in the Vermont Senate.

U.S. senators include Samuel S. Phelps,{{cite book |author=Joint Committee On Printing, US Congress |date=1950 |title=Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JrXYvgrwkM0C&printsec=frontcover |location=Washington, DC |publisher=US Government Printing Office |pages=1666–1667 |isbn=978-0-598-68615-2 |via=Google Books |ref={{sfnRef|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949}}}} George F. Edmunds,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1119}} Jonathan Ross,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1760}} Porter H. Dale,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1050}} Frank C. Partridge,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1654}} Ernest Willard Gibson,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1206}} Jim Jeffords,{{cite book |author=Joint Committee On Printing, U.S. Congress |date=1997 |title=Official Congressional Directory: 105th Congress |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQWuYjRzOTUC&pg=PA299 |location=Washington, DC |publisher=US Government Printing Office |page=299 |isbn=978-0-16-055120-8 |via=Google Books}} and Peter Welch (incumbent).{{cite web |author=Historians of the U.S. House and U.S. Senate |date=2023 |title=Biography, Senator Peter Welch |url=https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/W000800 |website=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress |location=Washington, DC |publisher=United States Congress |access-date=20 February 2025}}

U.S. House members who served in the Vermont Senate include William Henry,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1301}} Ahiman Louis Miner,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1570}} George Tisdale Hodges,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1318}} Frederick E. Woodbridge,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|pages=2020–2041}} H. Henry Powers,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1699}} David J. Foster,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1175}} William Hebard,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1293}} Andrew Tracy,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1929}} William W. Grout,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1242}} Kittredge Haskins,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1280}} Frank Plumley,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1688}} Alvah Sabin,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1771}} Homer Elihu Royce,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1763}} Worthington Curtis Smith,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=1837}} Bradley Barlow,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|pages=815–816}} Augustus Young,{{sfn|Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1949|page=2053}} Richard W. Mallary,{{cite book |author=Joint Committee On Printing, US Congress |date=1974 |title=Official Congressional Directory: 93rd Congress, 2nd Session |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JPfoqT03PuUC&pg=PA187 |location=Washington, DC |publisher=US Government Printing Office |page=187 |via=Google Books}} Peter Plympton Smith,{{cite web |last=Page |first=Priscilla |date=July 1994 |title=Biography, Peter Smith |url=https://vermonthistory.org/documents/findaid/SMITH.pdf |website=Peter P. Smith (1945- ) Congressional Papers, 1988-1991 |location=Montpelier, Vermont |publisher=Vermont Historical Society |page=2}} and Becca Balint (incumbent).{{cite web |author=Historian of the U.S. House of Representatives |date=2023 |title=Biography, Becca Balint |url=https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/B001318 |website=Congressional Biographical Directory |location=Washington, DC |publisher=United States Congress |access-date=20 February 2025}}

Other notable members of the Vermont Senate include:

• James Barrett (1844–1845), Associate Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court[https://books.google.com/books?id=GqAsAAAAIAAJ&dq=%22james+barrett%22+woodstock+vermont&pg=PA341 William Thomas Davis], Bench and Bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Volume 2, 1895, page 341
• Edna Beard (1923–1925): Vermont's first female state House member (1921 to 1923) and first female state senator; also the first woman to hold a leadership position in the Vermont legislature as Chair of the Senate Committee on Libraries.{{cite news |date=November 9, 1922 |title=Orange Sends Woman to Senate |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/355351612/ |work=The Bethel Courier |location=Bethel, VT |page=4 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{sfnRef|"Orange Sends Woman to Senate"}}}}
• William Carris (2007–2013), businessman who served as president of Carris Reels (later Carris Financial){{cite web|url=http://votesmart.org/candidate/biography/65181/bill-carris#.U9Pz7_ldWFk|title=Bill Carris' Biography|work=Project Vote Smart|accessdate=26 July 2014}}
• Lucius E. Chittenden (1856–1860): author and government official.{{cite web |author=JPC, Jack and Shirley Silver Special Collections Library |date=1998 |title=Biography, Lucius E. Chittenden |url=https://scfindingaids.uvm.edu/repositories/2/resources/1194 |website=Lucius E. Chittenden Papers |location=Burlington, Vermont |publisher=University of Vermont |access-date=20 February 2025}}
• George W. F. Cook (1959–1969): United States Attorney for Vermont{{cite news |last=Howland |first=Margo |date=April 18, 1980 |title=Magistrate Cook Retires |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald-magistrate-cook-ret/121306937/ |work=Rutland Herald |location=Rutland, Vermont |page=20 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• William H. Gilmore (1882–1883): Adjutant general of the Vermont Militia.{{cite book | author=Vermont Historical Society | title=Proceedings of the Vermont Historical Society | publisher=Vermont Historical Society |date=1910 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zio7AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA71 |page=71 |access-date=May 9, 2024}}
• Daniel Kellogg (1865–1866): Adjutant general of the Vermont Militia.Vermont General Assembly, [https://books.google.com/books?id=_zhFAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA4 Journal of the Senate of the State of Vermont], 1867, page 4
• James L. Oakes (1961–1965): judge of the U.S. District Court for Vermont and judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.{{FJC Bio|1806|nid=1385941|name=James Lowell Oakes}}[https://vineyardgazette.com/obituaries/2007/10/19/james-oakes-was-federal-judge-appointed-president-nixon James Oakes Was Appointed Federal Judge by President Nixon]
• William Wells (1886–1887): recipient of the Medal of Honor during the American Civil War.{{cite web |author=Silver Special Collections Library |date=1973 |title=Biographical Note, Gen. William Wells |url=https://scfindingaids.uvm.edu/repositories/2/resources/1094 |website=William W. Wells Papers |location=Burlington, Vermont |publisher=University of Vermont |access-date=20 February 2025}}
• Hoyt Henry Wheeler (1868–1869): judge of the United States District Court for the District of Vermont.{{cite book |last=Carleton |first=Hiram |date=1903 |title=Genealogical and Family History of the State of Vermont |volume=I |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Cr5seuiQ2wC&pg=PA830 |location=New York, NY |publisher=Lewis Publishing Company |pages=76–77 |isbn=978-0-8063-4794-3 |via=Google Books}}

• President pro tempore of the Vermont Senate
• Vermont State House
• Vermont General Assembly
• Vermont House of Representatives
• Members of the Vermont Senate, 2005-2006 session
• Members of the Vermont Senate, 2007-2008 session
• List of Vermont General Assemblies

{{reflist|30em}}

• [http://www.leg.state.vt.us/ Vermont General Assembly]
• [http://votesmart.org/officials/VT/L/-state-legislative?chamber=U#.Vpa8zk-HpUE Project Vote Smart - State Senate of Vermont]
• [http://www.leg.state.vt.us/Reapportionment/H.789%20As%20Passed%20House%20and%20Senate-Senate%20Map.pdf Senate Map and Statistics 2012 Reapportionment]

{{Vermont Senate}}

{{United States legislatures}}

{{Authority control}}

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Category:Politics of Vermont

Category:State upper houses in the United States