Victor Malka
{{Short description|French physicist (born 1960)}}
{{Infobox scientist
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| name = Victor Malka
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| birth_place = Casablanca, Morocco
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| nationality = French
| fields = Plasma physics
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| education = École Polytechnique (Ph.D.)
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| known_for = Laser Plasma Acceleration
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| awards = {{plainlist|
- {{Interlanguage link|Julius Springer Prize for Applied Physics|lt=|de|Julius-Springer-Preis für angewandte Physik|WD=}} (2017)
- Hannes Alfvén Prize (2019)
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Victor Malka (born 1960 in Casablanca, Morocco) is a French plasma physicist and a pioneer in laser plasma acceleration. In 2004, Malka demonstrated that high energy monoenergetic electron beams could be generated using the technique of laser wakefield acceleration,{{Cite journal|last1=Faure|first1=J.|last2=Glinec|first2=Y.|last3=Pukhov|first3=A.|last4=Kiselev|first4=S.|last5=Gordienko|first5=S.|last6=Lefebvre|first6=E.|last7=Rousseau|first7=J.-P.|last8=Burgy|first8=F.|last9=Malka|first9=V.|s2cid=4363528|date=2004|title=A laser–plasma accelerator producing monoenergetic electron beams|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/nature02963|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=431|issue=7008|pages=541–544|doi=10.1038/nature02963|pmid=15457253|bibcode=2004Natur.431..541F|issn=0028-0836}} and subsequently used them to develop compact X-ray and gamma radiation sources with applications in medicine, security technology and phase-contrast imaging.{{Cite journal|last1=Malka|first1=Victor|last2=Faure|first2=Jérôme|last3=Gauduel|first3=Yann A.|last4=Lefebvre|first4=Erik|last5=Rousse|first5=Antoine|last6=Phuoc|first6=Kim Ta|date=2008|title=Principles and applications of compact laser–plasma accelerators|journal=Nature Physics|volume=4|issue=6|pages=447–453|doi=10.1038/nphys966|bibcode=2008NatPh...4..447M|issn=1745-2473}}{{Cite journal|last1=Ta Phuoc|first1=K.|last2=Corde|first2=S.|last3=Thaury|first3=C.|last4=Malka|first4=V.|last5=Tafzi|first5=A.|last6=Goddet|first6=J. P.|last7=Shah|first7=R. C.|last8=Sebban|first8=S.|last9=Rousse|first9=A.|s2cid=3724056|date=2012|title=All-optical Compton gamma-ray source|journal=Nature Photonics|volume=6|issue=5|pages=308–311|doi=10.1038/nphoton.2012.82|arxiv=1301.3973|bibcode=2012NaPho...6..308T|issn=1749-4885}}{{Cite journal|last1=Corde|first1=S.|last2=Ta Phuoc|first2=K.|last3=Lambert|first3=G.|last4=Fitour|first4=R.|last5=Malka|first5=V.|last6=Rousse|first6=A.|last7=Beck|first7=A.|last8=Lefebvre|first8=E.|s2cid=36252|date=2013|title=Femtosecond x rays from laser-plasma accelerators|journal=Reviews of Modern Physics|volume=85|issue=1|pages=1–48|doi=10.1103/revmodphys.85.1|arxiv=1301.5066|bibcode=2013RvMP...85....1C|issn=0034-6861}} For these contributions to the field, he was awarded the {{Interlanguage link|IEEE Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Award|lt=|de|IEEE Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Award}} in 2007,{{Cite web|title=Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Society {{!}} Particle Accelerator Science and Technology (PAST)|url=https://ieee-npss.org/technical-committees/particle-accelerator-science-and-technology/|access-date=2020-06-07|website=ieee-npss.org}} the {{Interlanguage link|Julius Springer Prize for Applied Physics|lt=|de|Julius-Springer-Preis für angewandte Physik}} in 2017,{{Cite web|title=Julius Springer Prize for Applied Physics|url=http://www.springer.com/physics/condensed+matter+physics?SGWID=0-10104-2-791952-0|access-date=2020-06-07|website=springer.com|language=en}} and the Hannes Alfvén Prize in 2019.{{Cite web|title=Award of EPS Alfven Prize 2019 to Victor Malka and Toshiki Tajima {{!}} e-EPS|url=http://www.epsnews.eu/2019/01/award-of-eps-alfven-prize-2019-to-victor-malka-and-toshiki-tajima/|access-date=2020-06-07|website=www.epsnews.eu}}
Early life and career
{{unsourced BLP section|date=June 2020}}
Malka came from a Jewish family in Morocco and came to France at the age of six, where he grew up in Marseille and in the Parisian suburbs. He studied at the Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie in Rennes and received his doctorate at the École Polytechnique with a dissertation in atomic and plasma physics. From 1990, he then worked at the École Polytechnique for the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), and from 2004 as Research Director of the Laboratory for Applied Optics (LOA). From 2003 to 2015, he was a professor at the École Polytechnique. He has been a professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science since 2015.
Publications
- {{Cite journal|last1=Modena|first1=A.|last2=Najmudin|first2=Z.|last3=Dangor|first3=A. E.|last4=Clayton|first4=C. E.|last5=Marsh|first5=K. A.|last6=Joshi|first6=C.|last7=Malka|first7=V.|last8=Darrow|first8=C. B.|last9=Danson|first9=C.|last10=Neely|first10=D.|last11=Walsh|first11=F. N.|s2cid=4301628|date=1995|title=Electron acceleration from the breaking of relativistic plasma waves|journal=Nature|volume=377|issue=6550|pages=606–608|doi=10.1038/377606a0|bibcode=1995Natur.377..606M|issn=0028-0836}}
- {{Cite journal|last1=Amiranoff|first1=F.|last2=Baton|first2=S.|last3=Bernard|first3=D.|last4=Cros|first4=B.|last5=Descamps|first5=D.|last6=Dorchies|first6=F.|last7=Jacquet|first7=F.|last8=Malka|first8=V.|last9=Marquès|first9=J. R.|last10=Matthieussent|first10=G.|last11=Miné|first11=P.|date=1998|title=Observation of Laser Wakefield Acceleration of Electrons|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=81|issue=5|pages=995–998|doi=10.1103/physrevlett.81.995|bibcode=1998PhRvL..81..995A|issn=0031-9007|url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/353560}}
- {{Cite journal|last1=Gordon|first1=D.|last2=Tzeng|first2=K. C.|last3=Clayton|first3=C. E.|last4=Dangor|first4=A. E.|last5=Malka|first5=V.|last6=Marsh|first6=K. A.|last7=Modena|first7=A.|last8=Mori|first8=W. B.|last9=Muggli|first9=P.|last10=Najmudin|first10=Z.|last11=Neely|first11=D.|date=1998|title=Observation of Electron Energies Beyond the Linear Dephasing Limit from a Laser-Excited Relativistic Plasma Wave|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=80|issue=10|pages=2133–2136|doi=10.1103/physrevlett.80.2133|bibcode=1998PhRvL..80.2133G|issn=0031-9007}}
- {{Cite journal|last=Malka|first=V.|s2cid=23656376|date=2002|title=Electron Acceleration by a Wake Field Forced by an Intense Ultrashort Laser Pulse|journal=Science|volume=298|issue=5598|pages=1596–1600|doi=10.1126/science.1076782|pmid=12446903|bibcode=2002Sci...298.1596M|issn=0036-8075}}
- {{Cite journal|last1=Rousse|first1=Antoine|last2=Phuoc|first2=Kim Ta|last3=Shah|first3=Rahul|last4=Pukhov|first4=Alexander|last5=Lefebvre|first5=Eric|last6=Malka|first6=Victor|last7=Kiselev|first7=Sergey|last8=Burgy|first8=Fréderic|last9=Rousseau|first9=Jean-Philippe|last10=Umstadter|first10=Donald|last11=Hulin|first11=Daniéle|date=2004-09-23|title=Production of a keV X-Ray Beam from Synchrotron Radiation in Relativistic Laser-Plasma Interaction|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=93|issue=13|page=135005|doi=10.1103/physrevlett.93.135005|pmid=15524731|bibcode=2004PhRvL..93m5005R|s2cid=2183670 |issn=0031-9007|url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/physicsumstadter/18}}
- {{Cite conference|last1=Shvets|first1=G.|last2=Fisch|first2=N. J.|title=The seventh workshop on advanced accelerator concepts |date=1997|chapter=Beam-generated plasma channels for laser wakefield acceleration|conference=The Seventh Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Concepts|volume=398|pages=344–356|publisher=ASCE|doi=10.1063/1.53018|bibcode=1997AIPC..398..344S|isbn=1-56396-697-2}}
- {{Cite journal|last1=Faure|first1=J.|last2=Rechatin|first2=C.|last3=Norlin|first3=A.|last4=Lifschitz|first4=A.|last5=Glinec|first5=Y.|last6=Malka|first6=V.|s2cid=4420732|date=2006|title=Controlled injection and acceleration of electrons in plasma wakefields by colliding laser pulses|journal=Nature|volume=444|issue=7120|pages=737–739|doi=10.1038/nature05393|pmid=17151663|bibcode=2006Natur.444..737F|issn=0028-0836}}
- {{Cite journal|last1=Fuchs|first1=J.|last2=Antici|first2=P.|last3=d’Humières|first3=E.|last4=Lefebvre|first4=E.|last5=Borghesi|first5=M.|last6=Brambrink|first6=E.|last7=Cecchetti|first7=C. A.|last8=Kaluza|first8=M.|last9=Malka|first9=V.|last10=Manclossi|first10=M.|last11=Meyroneinc|first11=S.|s2cid=121952476|date=2005-12-25|title=Laser-driven proton scaling laws and new paths towards energy increase|journal=Nature Physics|volume=2|issue=1|pages=48–54|doi=10.1038/nphys199|issn=1745-2473|doi-access=free}}
References
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{{Hannes Alfvén Prize recipients}}
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Category:French plasma physicists