Victoria II

A sequel for Victoria: An Empire Under the Sun was announced on August 19, 2009 as part of GamesCon 2009. Johan Andersson, the lead programmer for Paradox Interactive at the time, talked about the changes in gameplay compared to the previous game and showed the first screenshots of the game, which showed a map of Europe and various interface elements.

Shortly after the announcement of the game, the head of Paradox Interactive Studios, Fredrik Wester,{{Cite web|title=Fredrik Wester - Paradox Interactive|url=https://career.paradoxplaza.com/people/3173-fredrik-wester}} publicly stated that, due to the low sales of the first game, he did not believe in the success of Victoria 2, he voted for another project to be put in development, and that he was ready to shave his head should the game see a profit.{{Cite web |title=A small note from a guy who didn't vote for this project |url=https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/threads/a-small-note-from-a-guy-who-didnt-vote-for-this-project.424492/ |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=Paradox Interactive Forums |date=August 22, 2009 |language=en-US}} On the contrary, Johan Andersson, the initiator of the project, was confident that the game would be successful, referring to the requests and votes by fans and the opinion of the development team. In the end, Andersson and Wester made a bet that, if Victoria 2 was successful, Wester would shave his head, and if it was not, he would have sole control over which game would release next.{{Cite web |last=Remo |first=Chris |title=Interview: Paradox CEO Wester On Victoria 2 's Head-Shaving Profitability Bet |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/115802/Interview_Paradox_CEO_Wester_On_Victoria_2s_HeadShaving_Profitability_Bet.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512045634/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/115802/Interview_Paradox_CEO_Wester_On_Victoria_2s_HeadShaving_Profitability_Bet.php |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 12, 2012 |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=www.gamasutra.com |date=September 15, 2009 |language=en}} It was revealed in a German interview with Fredrik that 70,000 copies would need to be sold for Victoria II to be profitable.{{in lang|de}} [http://www.makinggames.biz/features/im-gespr%C3%A4ch-mit-paradox-interactive,2540.html Im Gespräch mit Paradox Interactive] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008173454/http://www.makinggames.biz/features/im-gespr%C3%A4ch-mit-paradox-interactive,2540.html|date=October 8, 2014}}, Making Games On June 17, 2010, when it became known that there would be many pre-orders giving the game good sales, Wester asked Jessica Chobot at IGN to shave his head and upload the pictures to Twitter.{{Cite web |title=. @Jessica_Chobot shaving my head in the @nykotech booth at #e3! |url=https://twitpic.com/1xm9o7 |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=twitpic.com}}[http://twitpic.com/1xma93 Jessica Chobot shaving Frederik's head] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621220205/http://twitpic.com/1xma93|date=June 21, 2010}}, Twitpic.

The game was developed by a development team consisting of producer, designer and programmer Johan Andersson, project leader and programmer Thomas Johansson, designer and tester Christopher King, programmers Dan Lind, Fredrik Zetterman, Olof Björk, Henrik Vohraeus, Bjorn Johannessen, Sara Wendel-Ertqvist, artists Yunus Jakobsson, Fredrik Persson and composer Andreas Waldetoft.{{Cite web |title=Victoria II (2010) Windows credits |url=https://www.mobygames.com/game/windows/victoria-ii/credits |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=MobyGames}} The development team covered the progress of development in their diaries, which were published to Paradox's official forum by Christopher King. Between November 2009 and June 2010, 29 numbered diaries and two bonus diaries were published.{{Cite web |title=Victoria 2 - Reviews, dev diaries, wiki, and the demo! |url=https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/threads/victoria-2-reviews-dev-diaries-wiki-and-the-demo.459403/ |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=Paradox Interactive Forums |date=February 4, 2010 |language=en-US}}

A working beta version of Victoria II was demonstrated in June 2010 at the E3 show held in Los Angeles. The game was presented by the producer, Johan Andersson, who demonstrated the main gameplay and talked about innovations the game would bring. On August 10, 2010, a playable demo was released, allowing you to play as the United States.

File:Victoria2Screenshot.jpg Victoria II spans the globe from 1836 to 1936 with over 200 playable nations.[http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=423311 Victoria II Announcement] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823161918/http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=423311|date=August 23, 2009}}, Paradox Plaza Like its predecessor, Victoria II focuses on internal management, covering the industrialization and social/political changes in a country with 8 different government types. The game gives a lot of importance to the economy of a country by having a complex market system with over 50 types of goods and factories. While warfare is a component of the game it is not the primary focus as in other Paradox Interactive games such as the Hearts of Iron series.[http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=445988 Developer Diary 3 – Design Philosophy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126053851/http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=445988|date=January 26, 2010}}, Paradox Plaza

Nations' populations are divided into cultures, religions, classes and occupations. There are several different population groups (or "pops"), such as aristocrats, army officers, clergy, soldiers, labourers, slaves, bureaucrats and others. As in other Paradox titles such as Europa Universalis, historical missions called "decisions", which are micro-objectives in the larger game, have been added. There are thousands of historical events and decisions as well. These events and decisions can lead to the creation or disintegration of nation states.[http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=451973 A Paradox Christmas Carol] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201192103/http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=451973|date=February 1, 2010}}, Paradox Plaza

Victoria II contains a number of changes and improvements from its predecessor. The interface was streamlined when compared to the original game, which was described by producer Johan Andersson as, "the interface God forgot".[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ud79BkQ4vOI Victoria II interview], Youtube Automation of various tasks has been added, including trade and population promotion. The education system has received an overhaul by having clergy educate people of the same religion, and each population group now has their own literacy levels. Education and literacy's importance is reflected in the vast technology system that contains thousands of inventions. Additionally, the functioning of ideology in the game was tweaked such that population groups are more sensitive to changes in their country's situation, as well as inclined to agitate for specific levels of political and social reforms.[http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=460203 Developer Diary 11 – PoPs & Issues] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215080451/http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=460203|date=February 15, 2010}}, Paradox Plaza

The economic system in Victoria II attempts to simulate the flow of resources in a world market. Every province in the game produces a resource in resource gathering operations (RGOs).{{cite web|author=King|date=December 2, 2009|title=Dev Diary 4 – The Economic System and why it may seem a little similar|url=http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?t=447243|website=Paradox Plaza}} Some resources, such as wheat, are demanded principally by the population. Other materials, like iron, are consumed primarily by industry, but are still tradeable.

The production and unemployment system from the original Victoria has been revised to better reflect market forces, whereas in the original, the state provided the funds for resources and the player possessed a wide range of options with which to build their economy, provided they had access to the proper raw materials. All resources can be collected or produced by industry. The game also has a cottage production system simulating pre-industrial economies.

Victoria II contains a deep political simulation reflected in 8 different types of governments, 7 ideologies and a new sphere of influence system, gunboat diplomacy, and a new election system with coalition governments and legislatures.

The diplomacy in Victoria II is similar to that of other Paradox titles. Each country has a relation value of −200 to +200 which represents how much they like each other. Diplomatic and in-game actions shift this relationship around and it factors into the AI's decisions. However, Paradox Interactive has expanded parts of this system. War goals from Heir to the Throne, an expansion for Europa Universalis III have been integrated though they function in a slightly different way. More war goals can be added as the war progresses, although this depends on the population's temperament. Failure to achieve a war goal will increase the population's militancy, which can lead to revolts as well as a loss of prestige.

In the game controlling a Great Power, one of the eight countries with highest total score, gives special diplomatic options not available to other countries. Great Powers do not just influence how a country sees them; they have the added ability to use their influence on other countries to change their perception of other Great Powers. The struggle for influence that the Great Powers wage around the world is not a simple bilateral basis but occurs with each other inside different countries, giving an added dimension to diplomacy which was not present in the original Victoria.

Warfare is regarded as a lesser priority than politics and economics in Victoria II, though it follows the basic pattern used in other Paradox grand strategy games of its generation, with armies moving between provinces and engaging enemy armies and capturing enemy territory. The basic combat system is a combination of the systems used in Europa Universalis III, Europa Universalis: Rome, and Hearts of Iron III. A key component to combat is "frontage": the number of units in an army at the front line, which decreases as technology improves to simulate the change from the roving armies of the Napoleonic Era to the continuous trench lines of World War I.{{cite web|author=King|date=December 7, 2010|title=Developer Diary 12 – Military|url=http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?p=10788944#post10788944|website=Paradox Plaza}}

Several aspects of the military have been changed from Victoria. The base unit has been reduced from a 10,000-unit division to a 3,000-unit brigade, which is no longer raised from a national manpower pool but directly raised from a provincial soldier POP, to which the brigade remains connected. A new aspect to the military is reconnaissance. This is a value that gives a bonus (or penalty, if low) to capturing provinces and defeating enemy armies; in prolonged combat, however, the reconnaissance value drops. Units such as cavalry and aeroplanes have high reconnaissance values and are intended to be used as scouts. The overall objective is to move your country on into a new era, in a period of great change.

Victoria II has received two main expansion packs, as well as minor cosmetic DLC.

{{Infobox video game

| title = Victoria II: A House Divided

| collapsible = yes

| image = VictoriaIIAHouseDividedCoverArt.jpg

| alt = Victoria II: A House Divided cover

| developer = Paradox Development Studio

| publisher = Paradox Interactive

| designer =

| engine = Clausewitz Engine

| platforms =

| released = {{collapsible list|title={{nobold|February 2, 2012}}|Microsoft Windows
{{vgrelease|WW|February 2, 2012}}Mac OS X
{{vgrelease|WW|March 30, 2012}}}}

| genre = Single-player, multiplayer

}}

A House Divided was announced at the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2011[http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?540864-Special-E3-Announcement-just-for-you!&s=5cd9bbed768eb0b8f6d0d6bdb4e543dd Special E3 Announcement – just for you!] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001173040/http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?540864-Special-E3-Announcement-just-for-you!|date=October 1, 2012}}, Paradox Plaza as an expansion pack with an aim on "[improving the] political and economical aspects of the game, with focus on the American Civil War era". It was released on February 2, 2012, for Windows and on March 30, 2012, for OS X; it is currently only available for purchase by download.{{cite web|title=A House Divided Developer Diaries & release date|url=http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?562628-A-House-Divided-Developer-Diaries-amp-release-date|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120115054148/http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?562628-A-House-Divided-Developer-Diaries-amp-release-date|archive-date=January 15, 2012|access-date=January 24, 2012}}, Paradox Plaza It includes the following features:

• A new starting point in 1861, allowing players to experience the American Civil War from the start.
• The ability to manufacture reasons to go to war with other countries, all in the name of the great game of power.
• For uncivilized countries, various new reform paths to ultimately become equal to the western nations.
• The ability for Great Powers to invest in building infrastructure and factories in other countries to strengthen their ties to them.
• A deeper political system with new national focus options and new types of reform.
• A new system of popular movements that can be appeased or suppressed, but if ignored, will become the revolutionaries of tomorrow.
• An improved interface, with more information easily available and improving gameplay.
• China is now divided into cliques, known as substates, allowing for more interaction in the Far East.

{{Infobox video game

| title = Victoria II: Heart of Darkness

| collapsible = yes

| image = VictoriaIIHeartOfDarknessCoverArt.jpg

| alt = Victoria II: Heart of Darkness cover

| developer = Paradox Development Studio

| publisher = Paradox Interactive

| designer =

| engine = Clausewitz Engine

| platforms =

| released = {{vgrelease|WW|April 16, 2013}}

| genre = Single-player, multiplayer

}}

The Victoria II: Heart of Darkness expansion was released on April 16, 2013. It includes the following features:

• A brand new colonization system;
• A new naval combat system;
• Significant changes to land combat (particularly forts, recon/siege);
• A number of top-level interface upgrades including many new map modes;
• Introduction of international crises and many events, allowing smaller nations to achieve their aims with the aid of Great Powers;
• Introduction of newspapers which provide information about events around the world; and
• Several tweaks to industrial production.

{{Unreferenced section|date=November 2019|small=left}}

A selection of smaller DLC has been made available for purchase for Victoria II. These have little to no effect on gameplay but alter the game's appearance or music, and are significantly less expensive than their larger counterparts.

• Victoria II: Songs of the Civil War {{Cite web |title=Steam |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/215002/Victoria_II_Songs_of_the_Civil_War/}}

Special pre-order content:

• Victoria II: Lament For The Queen

• Victoria II: A House Divided – American Civil War Spritepack{{Cite web |title=Steam page |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/215000/Victoria_II_A_House_Divided__American_Civil_War_Spritepack/}}
• Victoria II: German Unit Pack{{Cite web |title=Steam page |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/215003/Victoria_II_German_Unit_Pack/}}
• Victoria II: Interwar Engineer Unit Pack{{Cite web |title=Steam page |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/215004/Victoria_II_Interwar_Engineer_Unit/}}
• Victoria II: Interwar Cavalry Unit Pack{{Cite web |title=Steam page |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/215005/Victoria_II_Interwar_Cavalry_Unit_Pack/}}
• Victoria II: Interwar Spritepack{{Cite web |title=Steam page |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/42964/Victoria_II_Interwar_Spritepack/}}
• Victoria II: Interwar Artillery Spritepack{{Cite web |title=Steam page |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/42965/Victoria_II_Interwar_Artillery_Sprite_Pack/}}
• Victoria II: Planes Spritepack{{Cite web |title=Steam page |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/42966/Victoria_II_Interwar_Planes_Sprite_Pack/}}

{{Video game reviews

| MC = 75/100
76/100 {{small|(A House Divided)}}
81/100 {{small|(Heart of Darkness)}}

| GSpot = 7.5/10

| Destruct = 8.5/10 {{small|(Heart of Darkness)}}{{cite web |url=https://www.destructoid.com/review-victoria-ii-heart-of-darkness-252533.phtml |title=Review Victoria II Heart of Darkness |publisher=Destructoid |first=Fraser |last=Brown |date=May 10, 2013 |access-date=July 6, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104165857/http://www.destructoid.com/review-victoria-ii-heart-of-darkness-252533.phtml |archive-date=November 4, 2015 }}

| PCGUS = 76/100{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/victoria-2-review/ |title=Victoria 2 review PC Gamer |date=November 2, 2010 |publisher=PC Gamer |access-date=July 6, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207013717/http://www.pcgamer.com/victoria-2-review/ |archive-date=February 7, 2018 }}

| rev1 = GameShark

| rev1Score = B−

}}

Victoria II received generally favourable reviews, achieving a 75% average on Metacritic.{{cite web|title=Victoria II for PC Reviews|url=https://www.metacritic.com/game/victoria-ii/critic-reviews/?platform=pc|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222193054/http://www.metacritic.com/game/pc/victoria-ii|archive-date=December 22, 2011|access-date=May 23, 2013|work=Metacritic|publisher=CBS Interactive Inc.}}

GameSpot said that there was much less micromanagement than in its predecessor. The reviewer stated: "Thanks to a friendlier interface and tutorials, Victoria II is a lot more playable and enjoyable than its predecessor."[http://uk.gamespot.com/pc/strategy/victoriaii/review.html Gamespot] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100906112943/http://uk.gamespot.com/pc/strategy/victoriaii/review.html|date=September 6, 2010}}

GameShark was less enthusiastic. The reviewer said: "As a strategy game, Victoria II frustrates me. It is an orgy of detail for detail's sake, yet the information I really want never seems to be at hand. The decisions I make seem mostly inconsequential, changing the game only by a slow process of accretion. Modeling has overtaken game design. Watching Victoria II is hypnotic and frequently awe-inspiring. Unfortunately, you only occasionally might want to play it."[http://www.gameshark.com/reviews/3602/p_20/Victoria-II-Review-.htm GameShark] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828122647/http://www.gameshark.com/reviews/3602/p_20/Victoria-II-Review-.htm|date=August 28, 2010}}

In a review of Victoria II in Black Gate, E. E. Knight said "While seeking an escape from the distressing politics of the early Twenty-First Century, I decided to plunge headlong into the distressing politics of the Nineteenth Century and picked up a game I've long been meaning to try: Victoria II. It was a good call. This civ-building game is quite an achievement."{{cite web | url=https://www.blackgate.com/2017/01/15/victoria-ii-when-peace-was-rare-and-war-was-an-old-friend// | title=Victoria II: When Peace Was Rare, and War Was an Old Friend – Black Gate | date=January 15, 2017 }}

The release of A House Divided drew increased praise and averaged 76% on Metacritic,{{cite web|title=Victoria II: A House Divided|url=https://www.metacritic.com/game/victoria-ii-a-house-divided/critic-reviews/?platform=pc|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151112121808/http://www.metacritic.com/game/pc/victoria-ii-a-house-divided|archive-date=November 12, 2015|access-date=September 1, 2015|work=Metacritic|publisher=CBS Interactive Inc.}} and Heart of Darkness further increased positive reviews, averaging 81%.{{cite web|title=Victoria II: Heart of Darkness|url=https://www.metacritic.com/game/victoria-ii-heart-of-darkness/critic-reviews/?platform=pc|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150823051012/http://www.metacritic.com/game/pc/victoria-ii-heart-of-darkness|archive-date=August 23, 2015|access-date=September 1, 2015|work=Metacritic|publisher=CBS Interactive Inc.}} Gaming Nexus gave the final product a verdict of 8.5 ("very good") and commented that "after some patching and a couple of expansions, Victoria 2 is rounding into shape. It is still deep with a killer learning curve, but it is starting to feel like a fun game rather than a buggy spreadsheet."{{cite web|last1=Bitterman|first1=Tom|title=Victoria II Heart of Darkness|url=http://www.gamingnexus.com/Article/Victoria-II-Heart-of-Darkness/Item3964.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924020725/http://www.gamingnexus.com/Article/Victoria-II-Heart-of-Darkness/Item3964.aspx|archive-date=September 24, 2015|access-date=September 1, 2015|website=Gaming Nexus}}

In an Ask Me Anything thread on Reddit in October 2013, PDS manager Johan Andersson stated that they would consider making a sequel to Victoria II, but that this would likely come after Hearts of Iron IV.{{cite web|date=October 23, 2013|title=AMA Hearts of Iron 4|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Games/comments/1p272v/we_are_the_independent_publisher_developer/ccyid2x|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150401160155/http://www.reddit.com/r/Games/comments/1p272v/we_are_the_independent_publisher_developer/ccyid2x|archive-date=April 1, 2015|access-date=October 24, 2013|website=Reddit}}

In December 2015, a beta patch was made for Victoria II, long after it was assumed that no further patches would be released.{{cite web|title=Victoria 2 – 3.04 BETA PATCH – Merry Christmas!|url=https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/index.php?threads/victoria-2-3-04-beta-patch-merry-christmas.898844/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170403043640/https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/index.php?threads%2Fvictoria-2-3-04-beta-patch-merry-christmas.898844%2F|archive-date=April 3, 2017|access-date=December 28, 2015|website=Paradox Plaza|date=December 22, 2015 }} This prompted speculation that there could be refreshed interest in the Victoria series, although in a Reddit thread these rumours were played down by Paradox developers.{{cite web|date=December 22, 2015|title=Victoria 2 – 3.04 BETA PATCH|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/paradoxplaza/comments/3xuebw/victoria_2_304_beta_patch/?|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129012724/https://www.reddit.com/r/paradoxplaza/comments/3xuebw/victoria_2_304_beta_patch/|archive-date=January 29, 2016|access-date=December 28, 2015|website=Reddit}}

During an interview for the company's Paradox Podcast in February 2018, CEO Fredrik Wester mentioned "I'm not a firm believer that Victoria II is the most prioritised game to make a sequel out of", that he won't be the one making the decision either and that it would come "before 2025".{{cite web|last1=Goldberg|first1=Daniel|last2=Jorjani|first2=Shams|date=February 26, 2018|title=The Paradox Podcast S02E02 – The Ascension of Fred (with Guest: Fred Wester)|url=https://www.buzzsprout.com/164561/665610|access-date=August 24, 2018|website=Buzz Sprout|publisher=Paradox Interactive}}

At PDXCON 2021, Victoria 3 was announced.{{Cite web|title=Victoria 3 — The Journey Begins|url=https://www.victoria3game.com/|access-date=May 21, 2021|website=Victoria 3|language=en}}

Victoria 3 was released on 25 October 2022.{{Cite web |title=Victoria 3 on Steam |url=https://store.steampowered.com/app/529340/Victoria_3/ |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=store.steampowered.com |language=en}}

{{Portal|Video games

}}

• List of grand strategy video games
• List of Paradox Interactive games
• List of PC games

{{Reflist|30em}}

• {{official website|https://www.paradoxplaza.com/victoria-ii/VAVA02GSKvic2001.html}}
• [https://vic2.paradoxwikis.com/Victoria_2_Wiki Official wiki]

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