Vivianiaceae

{{Short description|Extinct family of flowering plants}}

File:Viviania marifolia.JPG]]

File:Wendtia gracilis seeds, by Omar Hoftun.jpg

Vivianiaceae was a family of flowering plants placed in the order Geraniales. The family name is derived from the genus Viviania Cav. It includes both the genus Viviania and Balbisia. The family is now wholly incorporated into the family Francoaceae.{{cite web | url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77157387-1 | title=Francoaceae A.Juss. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science }}

There are around 1-4 genera in Vivianiaceae (Araeoandra, Caesarea, Cissarobryon, Viviania; with all of four genera can be merged into one genus), and under the APG III system the genera from Ledocarpaceae - Balbisia (incl. Ledocarpon), Rhynchotheca, and Wendtia - are now included within the Vivianiaceae.{{Citation |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}

A relationship with Caryophyllales, was formerly suggested; but morphology (S-plastids) and chemistry are close to Geraniales.Bortenschlager, S. 1967. Vorläufige Mitteilungen zur Pollenmorphologie in der Familie der Geraniaceen und ihre Systematische Bedeutung. Grana Palynol. 7(2-3): 400-468.