Vivien Hailstone
{{Infobox person
| name = Vivien Hailstone
| image = Detail of Vivien Hailstone from photograph of Buck and Vivian Hailstone at 4th of July Parade.jpg
| caption = Detail of Vivien Hailstone from photograph of Buck and Vivian Hailstone at 4th of July Parade (1955)
| birth_name = Vivien Geneva Risling
| birth_place = Humboldt County, California
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2000|07|08|1913|10|16}}
| nationality = Yurok;Karok
| occupation = basketweaver; jewelry designer
}}
Vivien Risling Hailstone (October 16, 1913 – July 8, 2000){{cite journal |id={{ProQuest|217810687}} |last1=Ortiz |first1=Beverly R.|title=With Respect: Vivien Hailstone (1913-2000) |journal=News from Native California |location=Berkeley |volume=14 |issue=1 |date=30 September 2000 |pages=13 }} was a Yurok/Karok basketweaver, jewelry designer, activist and educator who led efforts to sustain traditional basket weaving patterns and techniques.{{Cite book |last1=Dennis |first1=Yvonne Wakim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lbMiDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT959 |title=Native American Almanac: More Than 50,000 Years of the Cultures and Histories of Indigenous Peoples |last2=Hirschfelder |first2=Arlene |last3=Flynn |first3=Shannon Rothenberger |date=2016-04-18 |publisher=Visible Ink Press |isbn=978-1-57859-608-9 |language=en}} Hailstone also had an impact on statewide policy for repatriation of Native American remains and returning to Native American names for parks through her involvement with the State of California Department of Parks and Recreation Commission.{{cite thesis |last1=Ortiz |first1=Beverly Ruth |title=Contemporary California Indian basketry: Practice, meaning, issues |year=2008 |id={{ProQuest|304694214}} |oclc=793947487 }}
Early life
Vivien Hailstone was born Vivien Geneva Risling in Humboldt County, California on October 16, 1913St. James guide to native North American artists, 1998: p. 205 (Hailstone, Vivien; b. Oct. 16, 1913, Vivien Geneva Risling; alternate name: Cutcha; tribal affiliations: Yurok/Karok; basketweaver and jewelry designer) to Geneva Orcutt (Yurok/Karok) and David Risling (Karok and a member of the Hupa tribe).Betty Lease. "Vivien Hailstone: Proud of Indian Ancestry." Redding Record Searchlight (CA), 13 Oct. 1991. Her great-grandmother, Jane Young (Yurok), taught her many traditional stories, songs, and basketry techniques. Her brother was David Risling, Jr.{{Cite web |last=Walters |first=Heidi |title=Albert and the Baskets |url=https://www.northcoastjournal.com/humboldt/albert-and-the-baskets/Content?oid=2752693 |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=North Coast Journal |language=en}} a co-founder of D–Q University. Hailstone grew up in a rural area, and at age 10, she was enrolled in a Bureau of Indian Affairs boarding school in the Hoopa Valley{{Cite book |title=Art, women, California 1950-2000: parallels and intersections |publisher=University of California Press |year=2002 |location=Berkeley |pages=189–190}} In 1940, Vivien married Albert Hailstone (Wintu) and they a child, named Albert Jr.{{Cite book |last=Bataille |first=Gretchen |title=Native American women: a biographical dictionary |publisher=Garland Publishing |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-8240-5267-6 |pages=100–101}}
Career and advocacy
Hailstone's efforts to sustain and promote traditional basketry are evidenced through her work in her Native community and her teaching at local colleges. She was a founding member of a pottery guild in the 1940s which incorporated Indian basketry designs into pottery designs. She served as Chair of College of the Redwood Extension Board of Directors in the 1950s and taught basketry classes at D–Q University. In 1959, Hailstone opened I-Ye-Quee Trading Post & Gift Shop, which contributed to a revival of interest in Native American basketry.{{Cite book |last=Grant Peters |first=Josephine |title=After the First Full Moon in April: A Sourcebook of Herbal Medicine From a California Indian Elder |publisher=Routledge |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-59874-364-7 }}
Hailstone was also an accomplished jewelry maker and designer.{{Cite book |title=Watchful eyes: Native American women artists |publisher=Heard Museum |year=1994 |isbn=9780934351478 |location=Phoenix, Arizona |pages=35}}{{Cite book |last1=Baxter |first1=Paula A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DvdOAAAAMAAJ |title=Encyclopedia of Native American Jewelry: A Guide to History, People, and Terms |last2=Bird-Romero |first2=Allison |date=2000 |publisher=Oryx Press |isbn=978-1-57356-128-0 |language=en}}{{page needed|date=October 2022}}
In addition to her basketmaking and jewelry, Hailstone was also an advocate for education and Native American concerns at the state level. She was a founding member of the Redding, California chapter of the California Indian Education Association.{{Cite book |last=Chavers |first=Dean |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p1t0AAAAMAAJ |title=Modern American Indian Leaders: Their Lives and Their Work |date=2007 |publisher=Edwin Mellen Press |isbn=978-0-7734-5555-9 |language=en}}{{page needed|date=October 2022}} In the 1970s, Hailstone became the first Native American to serve on the State of California Department of Parks and Recreation Commission.{{Cite book |last1=Swisher |first1=Karen Gayton |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EVprAAAAMAAJ |title=Native North American Firsts |last2=Benally |first2=AnCita |date=1998 |publisher=Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-0518-6 |pages=59 |language=en}} She advocated for a reburial policy for remains and using Native American names for parks.{{Cite book |last=Hirschfelder |first=Arlene |title=The Extraordinary Book of Native American Lists |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-8108-7709-2 |location=Lanham, MD |pages=99}}{{Cite book |last=Recreation |first=California Department of Parks and |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDU7AQAAIAAJ |title=News and Views |date=1976 |language=en}}
Death and legacy
Vivien Hailstone died in 2000.{{Cite web |date=2014-11-01 |title='A magnificent gift' |url=https://www.times-standard.com/20141101/a-magnificent-gift |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=Times-Standard |language=en-US}} In 2003, the California Indian Basketweavers Association produced a video documenting Hailstone's life and basketry techniques.California Indian Basketweavers Association. (2003). Through the eyes of a basketweaver: Vivien Hailstone artisan. Throughout her life Hailstone collected baskets. Her collection, along with pieces collected by her son Albert, were donated to the Clarke Historical Museum in Eureka, California.{{Cite web |last=Medina |first=Vincent |date=2014-10-20 |title=The Albert and Vivien Hailstone Collection - News from Native California |url=http://newsfromnativecalifornia.com/the-albert-and-vivien-hailstone-collection-2/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Hailstone Collection |url=https://www.clarkemuseum.org/hailstone-collection.html |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=Clarke Historical Museum |language=en}}
References
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Category:Native American basket weavers
Category:Weavers from California
Category:Native American women artists
Category:People from Humboldt County, California
Category:Native American people from California
Category:20th-century American artists
Category:20th-century American women artists
Category:20th-century Native American women