Vobis

File:Vobis Bydgoszcz.jpg, Poland, pictured in 2009]]

File:Colani-pc.jpg]]

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Vobis was founded in 1975 in Aachen as Vero GmbH by students Theo Lieven and Rainer Fraling. Both were attending RWTH Aachen University when they founded their company; they later dropped out when the company became a surprise success. Vero started as out as a division of Studienhilfe e.V., reselling study aids such as slide rules and calculators to fellow students on campus.{{cite web | last=Bakker | first=Jasper | date=21 May 1998 | url=https://www.computable.nl/1998/05/21/offline-vobis-een-maatje-te-klein/ | title=Vobis: een maatje te klein | trans-title=Vobis: a size too small | language=Dutch | work=Computable | publisher=Jaarbeurs | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240215235824/https://www.computable.nl/1998/05/21/offline-vobis-een-maatje-te-klein/ | archivedate=15 February 2024}}

In 1981, the company was renamed Vobis Data Computer GmbH and expansion in Germany began. The name change marked a pivot towards providing microcomputers instead of college supplies.

In October 1989, Metro AG acquired a majority stake in the company.{{cite web | last=Staff writer | date=20 October 1989 | url=https://www.computerwoche.de/a/kaufhof-steigt-bei-vobis-ein,1152577 | title=Kaufhof steigt bei Vobis ein | trans-title=Kaufhof joins Vobis | language=German | work=Computerwoche | publisher=IDG Publications | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216001229/https://www.computerwoche.de/a/kaufhof-steigt-bei-vobis-ein,1152577 | archivedate=16 February 2024}} Shortly after, in 1991, Vobis became a public company. Vobis also expanded abroad and founded, among other divisions, branches in Austria, Poland, Belgium and France. It became Europe's largest personal computer retailer by the mid-1990s.{{cite web | last=Libbenga | first=Jan | date=16 February 2004 | url=https://www.theregister.com/2004/02/16/vobis_waves_goodbye_to_hq/ | title=Vobis waves goodbye to HQ: German PC chain shutters shops too | work=The Register | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040929194535/https://www.theregister.com/2004/02/16/vobis_waves_goodbye_to_hq/ | archivedate=29 September 2004}} In 1994, due to Microsoft delaying the release date of Windows 95, Vobis decided to pre-install IBM's OS/2 on all of their new PCs.{{cite journal | last=Foley | first=Mary Jo | date=5 December 1994 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A16294153/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=European PC maker ditches Microsoft for OS/2 | journal=PC Week | publisher=Ziff-Davis | volume=11 | issue=48 | page=3 | via=Gale}} This had the effect of boosting OS/2's popularity in Germany; it achieved a 40 percent market share in Germany, compared to the United States' 5 percent.{{cite journal | date=9 March 1995 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/09/business/company-news-vobis-computer-drops-microsoft-s-ms-dos-software.html | title=Vobis Computer Drops Microsoft's MS-DOS Software | journal=The New York Times | page=D4 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526142514/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/09/business/company-news-vobis-computer-drops-microsoft-s-ms-dos-software.html | archivedate=26 May 2015}} Microsoft tried to withdraw Vobis' license for Windows 95, which would have had serious economic ramifications for Vobis, but they later came to an agreement in 1995.{{cite journal | last=Busse | first=Torsten | date=27 March 1995 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kzoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA40 | title=Vobis, Microsoft resolve PC contract dispute | journal=InfoWorld | publisher=IDG Publications | volume=17 | issue=13 | page=40 | via=Google Books}}

In 1997, Vobis introduced the Highscreen Alpha 5000, their first entry in the workstation market, running a DEC Alpha microprocessor. The company had heretofore produced strictly consumer machines based on the Wintel/x86 platform.{{cite journal | date=14 March 1997 | url= | title=Vobis Shock Move into Scientific Machines with Alpha-based Desktop | journal=Computergram International | publisher=GlobalData | via=Gale}} In the same year, Vobis had established 776 branches in eleven countries.

Metro broke up Vobis at the beginning of 1999 by selling their manufacturing lines to Maxdata (a company in which they owned a majority stake), as well as spinning off nine of Vobis' foreign branches. The Berlin entrepreneurs Jürgen Rakow and Jürgen Bochmann together acquired a 25-percent stake, plus one share, in the remaining Vobis company; Rakow had previously operated 33 branches as a franchisee under his operating company Vobis Micro Computer Franchise-Shop GmbH (VMCFS). The Vobis company was then renamed to Vobis Microcomputer AG.{{cite web | last=Klostermeier | first=Johannes | date=18 May 1999 | url=https://www.zdnet.de/2047510/juergen-rakow-neuer-vobis-chef/ | title=Jürgen Rakow neuer Vobis-Chef: Zusammen mit Jürgen Bochmann | trans-title=Jürgen Rakow new Vobis boss: Together with Jürgen Bochmann

| work=ZDNet | language=German | publisher=Ziff-Davis | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024122110/https://www.zdnet.de/2047510/juergen-rakow-neuer-vobis-chef/ | archivedate=24 October 2020}}

In 2003, Vobis' former parent company Metro entered into an agreement with the company to carry Vobis products into Kaufhof department stores, increasing Vobis' nationwide sales locations from 65 to 323.{{cite web | last=Staff writer | date=18 September 2003 | url=https://www.channelpartner.de/a/vobis-jetzt-auch-in-allen-galeria-kaufhof-filialen-praesent,630223 | title=Vobis jetzt auch in allen Galeria-Kaufhof-Filialen präsent | trans-title=Vobis is now present in all Galeria Kaufhof branches | work=ChannelPartner | publisher=IDG Publications | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216001501/https://www.channelpartner.de/a/vobis-jetzt-auch-in-allen-galeria-kaufhof-filialen-praesent,630223 | archivedate=16 February 2024}} Shortly after, Vobis moved their headquarters moved from Würselen to Potsdam in 2004 as part of major restructuring.{{cite web | date=16 February 2004 | url=https://www.aachener-zeitung.de/kultur/aachen-vobis-macht-am-30.-juni-dicht/2915029.html | title=Aachen: Vobis macht am 30. Juni dicht | trans-title=Aachen: Vobis will close on June 30th | work=Aachener Zeitung | publisher=Mediahuis | agency=Deutsche Presse-Agentur | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216001747/https://www.aachener-zeitung.de/kultur/aachen-vobis-macht-am-30.-juni-dicht/2915029.html | archivedate=16 February 2024}} The restructuring of the group continued at the end of 2005. From then on, Vobis began trading under the name Vobis Digital Expert. The company's focus shifted from selling complete PCs to individual parts as well as software and services. After a lawsuit was filed by Expert AG, Vobis dropped the Digital Expert from their trade name.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

In 2009, Vobis Microcomputer moved its headquarters from Thaleischweiler-Fröschen to Langenburg. In 2011, Bochmann and Raisin stepped down as managing directors and were succeeded by Claudia Wiedenig. In July 2014, the company merged with IT-Holding GmbH, which had also moved from Saarbrücken to Langenburg, and this in turn was merged with Divaco Beteiligungs AG, a company led by Siegfried Kaske.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

At the beginning of 2008, the company had a total of 48 franchisees, down from roughly 96 in 2005. In the meantime, the company had transferred its franchise system division, as well as their distribution and telecommunications subsidiaries to the investment company Sibov AG. Vobis then relocated to Potsdam. Sibov became a GmbH in 2014 and also moved its headquarters to Langenburg, becoming part of Siegfried Kaske's investment network.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

Since 2009, the Highscreen brand has been used by Russian smartphones. In 2012, Vobis' online store was awarded to franchisee Bora Computer GbR. By July 2017, there were only 13 branches left of Vobis, located chiefly in Berlin and East Germany.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

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Category:Computer companies of Germany

Category:Retail companies of Germany