Voiceless labiodental plosive
{{Short description|Consonantal sound represented by ⟨p̪⟩ in IPA}}
{{More references|date=December 2009}}
{{infobox IPA
|ipa number=101 408
|ipa symbol=p̪
|ipa symbol2=ȹ
|decimal1=112|decimal2=810
|x-sampa=p_d
|kirshenbaum=p[
|braille=p
|braille2=6
|braille3=1456
}}
The voiceless labiodental plosive or stop is a consonant sound produced like a [p], but with the lower lip contacting the upper teeth, as in [f]. This can be represented in the IPA as {{angbr IPA|p̪}}. A separate symbol not recognized by the IPA that was occasionally seen, especially in Bantu linguistics, is the qp ligature {{angbr|ȹ}}.{{cite book |last1=Peter |first1=Ladefoged |last2=Ian |first2=Maddieson |title=The sounds of the world's languages |publisher=Blackwell Publishers |isbn=9780631198147 |page=17}}
The voiceless labiodental plosive is possibly not phonemic in any language, though see the entry on Shubi. However, it does occur allophonically. The XiNkuna dialect of Tsonga has affricates, {{IPA|[p̪͡f]}} and {{IPA|[b̪͡v]}}. German {{IPA|/p͡f/}} ranges between {{IPA|[p̪͡f]}}, {{IPA|[p͡f]}}, and {{IPA|[p͡ɸ]}}.
Features
Features of the voiceless labiodental stop:
{{plosive}}
{{labiodental}}
{{voiceless short}}
{{oral}}
{{central-lateral}}
{{pulmonic}}
Varieties
class="wikitable" | |
IPA | Description |
---|---|
style="font-size:24px" | {{IPA|p̪}}
| plain p̪ | |
style="font-size:24px" | {{IPA|p̪ʰ}}
| aspirated p̪ | |
style="font-size:24px" | {{IPA|p̪ʲ}}
| palatalized p̪ | |
style="font-size:24px" | {{IPA|p̪ʷ}}
| labialized p̪ | |
style="font-size:24px" | {{IPA|p̪̚}}
| p̪ with no audible release | |
style="font-size:24px" | {{IPA|p̪̌}}
| voiced p̪ | |
style="font-size:24px" | {{IPA|p̪ʼ}}
| ejective p̪ |
Occurrence
class="wikitable"
! Language !! Word !! IPA!! Meaning !! Notes | ||||
Greek | {{Lang|el|σάπφειρος}} | {{IPA|[ˈsap̪firo̞s̠]}} | 'sapphire' | See Modern Greek phonology |
English | up-front | {{IPA|[ʌp̪ˈfɹʌnt]}} | 'up-front' | Common allophone of {{IPA|/p/}} before the labiodentals {{IPA|/f/}} and {{IPA|/v/}} (although it is also possible for the labiodentals to shift to bilabial {{IPA|/ɸ/}} and {{IPA|/β/}}, respectively, instead). |
Slovene
|{{lang|sl|snop vidim|italic=yes}} |{{IPA|[ˈs̪nɔ̂p̪ ˈʋíːd̪ìm]}} |'(I) see a sheaf' |Allophone of {{IPA|/p/}} before {{IPA|/f, ʋ/}}. See Slovene phonology. |
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{phoible|p̪}}
{{IPA navigation}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Voiceless Labiodental stop}}