Vrishabhavathi River
{{Short description|River in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Vrishabhavathi River
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| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = India
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = Karnataka
| subdivision_type3 = District
| subdivision_name3 = Bengaluru Urban, Ramanagara
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| length = {{convert|52|km|mi|abbr=on}}approx.
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| source1 = Big Bull Temple
| source1_location = Basavanagudi, Bangalore, India
| source1_coordinates = {{Coord|12|56|34|N|77|34|5|E|type:river_region:IN|display=inline}}
| source1_elevation = {{convert|933|m|abbr=on}}
| source2 = Kadu Malleshwara Temple
| source2_location = Malleshwaram, Bangalore
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| mouth = Arkavati River
| mouth_location = Doddamudavadi, Ramanagara, India
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|12.59877|77.40477|format=dms|type:river_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|638|m|abbr=on}}
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| basin_size = {{convert|360.62|km2|abbr=on}}
| tributaries_left =
| tributaries_right = Paschimavahini
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The Vrishabhavathi River is a minor river, a tributary of the Arkavathy, that flows through the south of the Indian city of Bangalore.{{cite news |last=S |first=Kushala |date=2005-03-21 |title=Woes flow along Vrishabhavathi basin |work=The Times of India |location=Bangalore |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/woes-flow-along-vrishabhavathi-basin/articleshow/1057432.cms |access-date=30 April 2012}} The river was once so pristine that the water from it was used for drinking and used by the famous Gali Anjaneya temple but is now highly polluted due to pollutants from industrial, agricultural and domestic sources.{{Cite book |last=Bharadwaj |first=Arun |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtxxDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT394 |title=Seen & Unseen Bangalore |date=20 June 2016 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=9789386073181 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=vtxxDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT394 394–]}} {{Self-published inline|date=November 2022|certain=y}}
Etymology
Vrishabhavathi is derived from the Sanskrit word Vrishabha which refers to a bull. The river is believed to originate at the feet of the monolithic Nandi statue at the Big Bull Temple in Basavanagudi, hence giving it the name Vrishabhavathi.{{Citation |last=Ramachandra |first=T. V. |title=Rejuvenation Blueprint for Lakes in Vrishabhavathi Valley |date=September 2017 |url=https://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/water/paper/ETR122/vrishabhavathi.html |series=ENVIS Technical Report 122 |publisher=Energy and Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore |last2=S |first2=Vinay |last3=K S |first3=Asulabha |last4=V |first4=Sincy |last5=Bhat |first5=Sudarshan |last6=Mahapatra |first6=Durga M. |last7=Aithal |first7=Bharath H.}}
Course
File:Basavanagudi Boulder Inscription Colour English.jpg
The origin of the river is near the Dodda Ganesha and the Dodda Basava Temple or the Kadu Malleshwara Temple in Malleswaram, and it flows through major areas like Basavanagudi, Girinagar, Hosakerehalli, Nayandahalli, Rajarajeshwari Nagar and Kengeri. The river can be seen near the Mantri Mall Malleswaram, Magadi Road and Mysore Road metro stations. The river culminates in a reservoir named after itself Vrishabhavathi Reservoir near Bidadi.{{Cite news |last=Kaggere |first=Niranjan |date=5 May 2015 |title=Even STP can't clean up Vrishabhavathy |work=Bangalore Mirror |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/Even-STP-cant-clean-up-Vrishabhavathy/articleshow/47152139.cms |via=}} It joins Arkavathy River near Kanakapura as a tributary. The river has a basin area of {{cvt|383|km2}} and passes through 96 out of the 198 wards in Bangalore.{{cite news |last1=Mandyam |first1=Nithya |date=15 April 2020 |title=Frothing reduces, Vrishabhavathi water crystal clear after decades |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-frothing-reduces-vrishabhavathi-water-crystal-clear-after-decades/articleshow/75150777.cms |access-date=17 April 2020}}
A smaller stream of the river originates near Bugle Rock in Basavanagudi, and joins the main river near Mysore Road.{{cite news |last1=Gowda |first1=Varsha |title=Lockdown and a river's health |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/spectrum/lockdown-and-a-rivers-health-826651.html |access-date=17 April 2020 |work=Deccan Herald |date=17 April 2020}}
Religious significance
There are several temples throughout the course of the river. Some of the well-known temples along the banks on the Vrishabhavathi are Dodda Ganesha and the Dodda Basava Temple, Gali Hanumantha Temple, Gavi Gangadhareshwara temple and the Kadu Malleshwara Temple. The Gali Hanumantha Temple is over 600 years old, constructed in 1425 by Sri Vyasaraya of Channapattana who was a Rajaguru of Vijayanagara Empire. The temple was constructed on the confluence of two rivers – Vrishabhavathi and Paschimavahini. The Ishwara Temple at Kengeri dates back to 1050 AD.
Pollution and current concerns
The river is highly polluted due to pollutants from industrial, agricultural and domestic sources.{{cite news |last=Kumar |first=Rupesh |date=2005-03-21 |title=City sullage killing many a village |publisher=Deccan Herald |location=Ramanagara |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/59308/city-sullage-killing-many-village.html |access-date=30 April 2012}} It is said to be dark, smelly and frothy due to "untreated or badly treated domestic sewage that goes into the river."
In 2005, the then Chief Minister of Karnataka, Dharam Singh proposed to remodel the river valley to include widening of the river, and adopt measures to prevent inundation.{{cite news |date=2005-05-27 |title=Experts suggest Vrishabhavathi Valley remodelling |work=The Hindu |location=Bangalore |url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/27/stories/2005052718340300.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=30 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029152111/http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/27/stories/2005052718340300.htm |archive-date=29 October 2013}}
References
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{{Hydrology of Karnataka|state=expanded}}
Category:Geography of Bengaluru
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{{India-river-stub}}