WaterML
{{infobox file format
| name = WaterML
| owner = Open Geospatial Consortium
| genre = Time series
| latest_release_version = 2.0.1
| latest_release_date = 2014-02-24
| extended from = XML
| open = Yes, with Copyright{{cite web|title=OGC Document Notice|url=http://www.opengeospatial.org/ogc/document|accessdate=2 February 2011}}
}}
WaterML is a technical standard and information model used to represent hydrological time series structures. The current version is WaterML 2.0, released an open standard{{Citation |date=2014-02-24 |title=OGC WaterML 2.0 |publisher=Open Geospatial Consortium |url=http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/waterml }} of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).
History
=WaterML 1.0=
Version 1.0 of WaterML was published in 2009 by the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science.{{citation |first1=David |last1=Valentine |first2=Ilya |last2=Zaslavsky |date=June 11, 2009 |title=CUAHSI WaterML 1.0 |publisher=Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science |url=http://his.cuahsi.org/documents/WaterML_1_0_part1.pdf}} WaterML 1.0 (and 1.1) is an XML exchange format developed for use specifically in the United States.
=WaterML 2.0=
WaterML 2.0 is an open standard of the OGC. Version 2.0 marks a harmonisation with different formats from various organisations and countries, including the Australian Water Data Transfer Format, WaterML 1.0 from the United States, [http://www.xhydro.de/index_en.html XHydro] from Germany, and with existing OGC formats. WaterML 2.0 was adopted as an official standard by the OGC in September 2012,[http://www.opengeospatial.org/pressroom/pressrelease/1696], OGC press release[http://www.csiro.au/Portals/Media/Australia-setting-the-standard-for-water-information-exchange.aspx], CSIRO press release endorsed by the US Federal Geographic Data Committee,[http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/news/WaterML], FGDC press release and has been proposed for adoption by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO).[http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/hwrp/chy/chy14/documents/final_report/1105_en.pdf], WMO, Resolution 3, Commission for Hydrology session November 2012 - Abridged final report with resolutions and recommendations
Example uses include: exchange of data for operational hydrological monitoring programs; supporting operation of infrastructure (e.g. dams, supply systems); cross-border exchange of observational data; release of data for public dissemination; enhancing disaster management through data exchange; and exchange in support of national reporting. The standard was developed through a harmonisation process[http://www.iwaponline.com/jh/up/jh2013174.htm], Taylor, P.; Cox, S.; Walker, G.; Valentine, D; Sheahan, P. WaterML 2.0: Development of an open standard for hydrological time series data exchange. Journal of Hydroinformatics. doi:10.2166/hydro.2013.174. by members of the joint OGC-WMO Hydrology Domain Working Group.[http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/groups/hydrologydwg] WMO/OGC Hydrology Domain Working Group wiki page
Structure
WaterML 2.0 makes use of existing OGC standards, primarily Observations and Measurements (O&M) and the Geography Markup Language (GML). This enhances consistency and interoperability with other standards and web services. Through use of the O&M standard, WaterML 2.0 defines types allowing for standard definition of the core properties relating to hydrological time series, including:
- The observed phenomenon
- Spatial context
- Temporal bounds
- Procedure used in generating the time series (e.g. raw data from a sensor)
- Result-specific metadata, such as time series qualifiers, interpolation types, comments, quality codes etc.
- Monitoring points
- Collections of related objects
- Vocabularies for domain-specific terms
The core information model is defined using the Unified Modelling Language, allowing for flexibility in creating implementation-specific encodings. The standard defines a GML-conformant XML encoding allowing for use with OGC Web Services.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20181118134329/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-222680012.html HighBeam]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053142/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-213465417.html HighBeam]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160314070835/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2610488491.html HighBeam]
{{Open Geospatial Consortium standards}}