Water in fiqh

Water in Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) is divided into two types:{{cite book |last1=Wahrman |first1=Miryam Z. |title=The Hand Book: Surviving in a Germ-Filled World |date=3 May 2016 |publisher=ForeEdge; 1st edition (May 3, 2016) |isbn=978-1611685244 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jM69CwAAQBAJ&dq=Water+Mutlaq+and+Mudaf&pg=PA50}}

• Mutlaq
• Mudaf (Mudaaf or Mudhaf)

َAccording to Fiqh, Taharah (Wudu or Ghusl) is valid only with Mutlaq Water.

Mutlaq is an Arabic word that means to absolute or pure.{{cite web |title=Mutlaq - مطلق meanings in English |url=https://meaningin.com/urdu-to-english/mutlaq-in-english}} The word means is used by Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) to refer to pure water.{{cite book |last1=Sabiq |first1=Sayyid |title=Fiqh us Sunnah 5 Vol Together |date=June 1986 |publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform (July 6, 2017) |isbn=978-1548026998 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uR5MCwAAQBAJ&q=Fiqh+Us-sunnah}}

Mutlaq water is the same natural water when it fall out of the sky or coming out of the earth. In Fiqh, natural water is called Mutlaq water when no adjective or anything is added to the water which would change its natural condition. Water is still called Mutlaq water if it stays pure during the change such as e.g. mud, soil, stagnation, fallen leaves or collection of straw, etc., or the salt, sulfur, and other minerals that it contains at its source or picks up in its course.

Muslims can use Mutlaq water to wudu, ghusl, or any worship that needs to purity themselves.{{cite book |last1=Ismail Buyukcelebi |title=Living in the Shade of Islam: A Comprehensive Reference of Theory and Practice |year=2005 |publisher=Tughra (March 1, 2005) |isbn= 978-1932099867 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=53EPNr8qeLgC&dq=Muslims+can+use+Mutlaq+water+to+wudu%2C+ghusl%2C&pg=PA164}}

The types of Mutlaq water are as follows:{{cite book |last1=Hossein Wahid Khorasani |title=Islamic Laws |date=16 December 2014 |publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform (December 16, 2014) |isbn=978-1505606799 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=feAJBgAAQBAJ&dq=Type+of+Mutlaq+water&pg=PA16|author1-link=Hossein Wahid Khorasani }}

• Kurr water: is a certain quantity of Mutlaq water (480 kg) that does not become Najis (impure) if it comes in contact with Najis things, also Kurr water can purge Najis things.{{cite book|last1=Mohammed Kazem Yazdi|title=Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa|volume=1|pages=38–39|author1-link=Mohammed Kazem Yazdi}}
• Qalil Water: is a specific quantity of water that is lesser than kurr water and is not Surface runoff or well water. Qalil water becomes Najis If it comes into contact with Najis.{{cite book |last1=Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai |title=Universality of Islam |year=1985 |publisher=Islamic Seminary Publications, 1985 |isbn=9780941724098 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OnowAAAAYAAJ&q=what+is+Qalil+Water+in+islam|author1-link=Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai }}
• Surface runoff (overland flow): is the flow of water occurring on the ground surface.{{Cite web|date=2011-01-21|title=runoff|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/runoff/|access-date=2021-02-19|website=National Geographic Society|language=en}} Runoff includes the following:

1. Rainwater
2. Snow
3. Hail
4. Spring
5. River

• Water of Well
• Seawater

Mudaf (Mudaaf or Mudhaf) is an Arabic word that comes to comes from 'idaafa'.{{cite web |title=The Mudaaf & Mudaaf Ilayhi |url=http://www.zaufishan.co.uk/2020/07/mudaaf-mudaaf-ilayhi-arabic.html}} Mudaf means the thing annexed.Karin C. Ryding, A Reference Grammar of Modern Standard Arabic (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), p. 205 [§8.1]. The word means is used by Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) to refer to mixed water.{{cite book |last1=Saptaningtyas |first1=Haryani |title="This is our belief around here" |date=30 November 2021 |publisher=LIT Verlag (November 30, 2021) |isbn=978-3643913265 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uSIGEAAAQBAJ&dq=mudaf+means+is+used+to+refer+to+mixed+water+in+islam&pg=PA131}}

Mudaf water is a kind of water to which something has been added or It is not so pure that people no longer call it water. Mudaf water is used against Mutlaq water. Wudu and Ghusl are not valid with Mudaf water. Also, it cannot make clean what has become Najis.{{cite book|last1=Mohammed Kazem Yazdi|title=Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa|volume=1|pages=330–331|author1-link=Mohammed Kazem Yazdi}}{{cite web |last1=Mughniyya |first1=Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya |title=The Five Schools of Islamic Law |url=https://www.al-islam.org/five-schools-islamic-law-muhammad-jawad-mughniyya/1-taharah-ritual-purity |website=al-islam|date=6 September 2016 }}

some examples of Mudaf water is as follows:

Extremely muddy water, rosewater, water extracted from fruits, lime and grape juice, rose-water and soda-water.

• Tayammum
• Salah
• Tasbih

Category:Ritual purity in Islam

Category:Salah terminology

Category:Water and Islam