Welcome Nugget

{{Short description|69 kg gold nugget discovered at Bakery Hill in Ballarat, Victoria}}

{{about|the 68.98 kg gold nugget discovered in 1858|the 97.14 kg gold nugget discovered in 1869|Welcome Stranger}}

{{Use Australian English|date=March 2018}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}

Image:The "Welcome Nugget" Replica.jpg

The Welcome Nugget was a large gold nugget, weighing 2,217 troy ounces 16 pennyweight. (68.98 kg), that was discovered by a group of twenty-two Cornish miners at the Red Hill Mining Company site at Bakery Hill (near the present intersection of Mair and Humffray Street) in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, on 9 June 1858. It was located in the roof of a tunnel {{convert|55|m|ft|abbr=off}} underground.{{cite web|url=http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database/?irn=124 |title=10097 Model of gold nugget 'Welcome Nugget' found at Bakery Hill, Victoria, 1858, plaster, maker unknown, Melbourne, Australia, 1858–1885 – Powerhouse Museum Collection |publisher=Powerhousemuseum.com |access-date=24 May 2010}} Shaped roughly like a horse's head, it measured around {{convert|49|cm|in|abbr=on}} long by {{convert|15|cm|in|abbr=on}} wide and {{convert|15|cm|in|abbr=on}} high,{{cite book |title=Discovering Gold |last=Fox |first=Mark |year=2003 |publisher=Curriculum Corporation |isbn= 1-876973-63-3 |page=15 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oJ2nGO8OzBoC&dq=%22Welcome+Nugget%22&pg=PT15 |access-date=25 May 2010}} and had a roughly indented surface. It was assayed by William Birkmyre of the Port Phillip Gold Company {{Cite web |url=http://www.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-67/t1-g-t3.html |title=William Birkmyre of the Port Philip Gold Company |access-date=14 December 2012 |archive-date=12 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512084711/http://www3.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-67/t1-g-t3.html |url-status=dead }} and given its name by finder Richard Jeffery.Some sources spell as "Jeffrey" Eclipsed by the discovery of the larger Welcome Stranger eleven years later in 1869 (also in Victoria), it remains the second largest gold nugget ever found.

The finders had been among the first to introduce steam-driven machinery into the field at Ballarat and had looked first at nearby Creswick with no luck. Their luck changed at Bakery Hill, however, and several smaller nuggets weighing from 12 to 45 troy ounces had been uncovered before they found the Welcome.{{cite journal |date=16 August 1913 |title=Nuggets: Origin and Ending |journal=The Argus (Melbourne) |page=7 |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7256966}}

It was found in 1858 at the diggings of Ballarat, Victoria. The proprietors of a "hole" went away to lunch, leaving a hired man digging with a pickaxe. After the pick struck something, the workman dug around it to see what it was, then he fainted. The owners returned and, believing the prostrate man to be dead, one of them jumped in, turned him over, and also fainted. Both of them were dragged out and digging was wildly begun for the nugget, which lay partly exposed. The mass was so great that the men at first thought they had struck a reef of pure gold.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article61283560 |title=Famous Nuggets |newspaper=Clarence and Richmond Examiner |location=Grafton, New South Wales |date=12 February 1901 |access-date=30 April 2012 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}

Sold for £10,500, it found a home in Melbourne until being sold again on 18 March 1859. It weighed {{convert|2,195|ozt|kg}} and fetched £9,325 at its resale. From there it was conveyed to Sydney and exhibited there before being transported and exhibited in the Crystal Palace in London. The Royal Mint bought it in November 1859 and minted gold sovereigns out of it.

File:Replica of Welcome Nugget at Museums Victoria.jpg]]

Models of the Welcome Nugget were made and distributed to the Geological and Mining Museum in the Rocks in Sydney, and the Museum of Victoria, as well as the Powerhouse Museum, who purchased their model in 1885. Models are also a feature of two displays in Ballarat, the Pioneer Miners (Gold) Monument on the corner of Sturt and Albert Streets in Ballarat Central (1951) and at The Gold Museum opposite Sovereign Hill at Golden Point.{{cite journal |title=A German Impression of the Australian Goldfields |journal=The La Trobe Journal |first=Mary |last=Lewis |date=Autumn 2001 |url=http://latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-67/t1-g-t3.html |access-date=5 February 2016}} In the United States, a replica of the "Welcome Nugget" is exhibited in the Mineralogical Museum at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts.