Weyanoke people
{{short description|Historic Native American tribe in Virginia}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Weyanoke
| image =
| image_caption =
| image_alt =
| image_size =
| total = extinct
| regions = Virginia, United States
| languages = unattested Eastern Algonquian language
| related_groups = Powhatan Confederacy, Nottoway
}}
The Weyanoke people ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|w|aɪ|ə|n|ɒ|k}} {{Respell|WYE|ə|nok}}{{cite web|url=https://youtube.com/4gMamP3Gznw?t=16s|title=Virginia's First People: The Weyanoke—A World of Water and Land|work=YouTube|date=November 10, 2017|accessdate=9 November 2022}}) were an Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands.
Name
Their name is also spelled Weyanock,Rountree, The Powhatan Indians of Virginia, 9. as British colonist John Smith recorded on his map.Rountree, The Powhatan Indians of Virginia, 154. Alternative spellings include Weanoc, Weanock, Winauh, Winauk, Wynauh, and Wynauk. Their name may mean "at the bend" of a river, coming from either the Eastern Niantic or Nipmuck language.
Territory
File:Map of Virginia highlighting Charles City County.svg.]]
Their lands were located along the James RiverHodge, Handbook of North American Indians, 926. and west of the mouth of Appomattox River, near present-day Weyanoke, Virginia.{{cite book |last1=Swanton |first1=John Reed |title=The Indian Tribes of North America |date=1952 |publisher=Genealogical Publishing Company |location=Baltimore, MD |isbn=9780806317304 |page=70 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xpx6WoPz7xIC}} Their main capital settlement was at Weyanoke Point in Charles City County, Virginia. Their second primary settlement was at the head of Powell's Creek in Prince George County, Virginia.
= History =
At the beginning of the 17th century, when the tribe had early contact with English colonists, the Weynock traded with Wahunsenacawh (Powhatan, c. 1547–c. 1618).Rountree, The Powhatan Indians of Virginia, 111. Some historians considered them to be a part of the Powhatan Confederacy.
Their population was 500 in 1608. After attacks by the Iroquois Confederacy at the end of the 17th century, they migrated out. They signed the Treaty of Middle Plantation with the Virginia Colony in 1677.
Remnants of the Weyanock and the Nansemond joined the Nottoway in the early 18th century.Rountree, "The Termination and Dispersal of the Nottoway Indians of Virginia," 194.
By 1727, they lived along the Nottoway River.At the end of the 18th century, the Weyanock merged completely into the Nottoway, with the surnames Wynoake and Wineoak occasionally appearing on public documents.Rountree, "The Termination and Dispersal of the Nottoway Indians of Virginia," 199.
Notes
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References
- Hodge, Frederick W. [https://books.google.com/books?id=i9c_AAAAYAAJ Handbook of North American Indians]. Washington, DC.: Government Printing Press, 1912.
- {{cite book |last1=Rountree |first1=Helen C. |title=The Powhatan Indians of Virginia: Their Traditional Culture |date=2013 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |location=Norman |isbn=9780806176864 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=klsGAMsg77IC}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Rountree |first1=Helen C. |title=The Termination and Dispersal of the Nottoway Indians of Virginia |journal=The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography |date=April 1987 |volume=95 |issue=2 |pages=193–214 |jstor=4248941 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4248941}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Weyanock}}
Category:Eastern Algonquian peoples
Category:Extinct Native American tribes
Category:Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands