Whaleback Light

{{Infobox lighthouse

| image_name = WhalebackLight2007.jpg

| location = Piscataqua River entrance, Kittery, Maine

| coordinates = {{coord|43|3|31.534|N|70|41|46.701|W|region:US_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}

| yearbuilt = 1830

| yearlit = 1872 (current tower)

| automated = 1963

| construction = Granite blocks

| shape = Conical

| marking = Natural

| foundation = Stone / timber

| focalheight = {{convert|59|ft}}

| lens = Fourth order Fresnel lens, 1855 (original), VLB-44 (current)

| range = {{convert|14|nmi}}

| characteristic = Grp Flash (2) White, 10s

| fogsignal = HORN: 2 every 30s

| module = {{Infobox NRHP

| embed = yes

| name = Whaleback Light Station

| nearest_city = Kittery Point, Maine

| built = 1872

| architect = US Army Corps of Engineers

| architecture =

| added = March 23, 1988

| area = less than one acre

| mpsub = {{NRHP url|id=64500264|title=Light Stations of Maine MPS}}

| refnum = 87002278{{NRISref|2009a}}

}}

Whaleback Light is a historic lighthouse marking the mouth of the Piscataqua River in Kittery, Maine. It is located on a rocky outcrop offshore southwest of Fort Foster and south of Wood Island in Kittery. The present tower was built in 1872.{{cite uscghist|ME}}{{cite uscgll|1|2009|3}}{{cite rowlett|me2|date=2009-12-07}} It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

History

The station (known in early records as "Whales Back") was first established in 1830 for $20,000. The tower was upgraded in 1855 with a new lantern and a fourth order Fresnel lens. A fog bell and tower were installed in 1863. In 1869, storms had caused cracks in the tower and foundation causing the decision to build a new tower in 1872. The new tower, still standing today, was built with dovetailed granite blocks alongside the original tower, which was removed in 1880. The light is {{convert|59|ft|m}} above mean sea level, and the tower, also housed the keeper's living quarters and a storage area.

At some point the fog bell was replaced with a horn and in 1991, the volume of the horn was reduced because it was damaging the integrity of the structure. The light was automated in 1963.{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=88000893|photos=y}}|title=NRHP nomination for Whaleback Light Station|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=2015-10-04}}

The current lighthouse exhibits two white flashes every 10 seconds and is created by a modern VLB-44 LED light, which was installed in October 2009.{{cite web| url=http://www.lighthousefoundation.org/alf_lights/whaleback/wbl_2009led.htm| title=ave of future sweeps over Whaleback Lighthouse| date=2009-10-29| access-date=2009-12-14| archive-date=2010-06-13| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613141350/http://www.lighthousefoundation.org/alf_lights/whaleback/wbl_2009led.htm| url-status=dead}}

In 2007, under the National Lighthouse Preservation Act of 2000, Whaleback lighthouse was made available to a suitable new steward. The American Lighthouse Foundation and its chapter Friends of Portsmouth Harbor Lighthouses submitted an application and in November 2008, became the new owners.{{cite web| url=http://mainebusiness.mainetoday.com/newsdirect/release.html?id=6407| title=Whaleback Lighthouse Receives New Keepers| publisher=MaineBusiness.com| date=2008-11-18| access-date=2008-11-20| archive-date=2011-07-14| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714021338/http://mainebusiness.mainetoday.com/newsdirect/release.html?id=6407| url-status=dead}}

Keepers <ref name="cghist"/>

Samuel E. Haskell (1831–1839)
Joseph L. Locke (1839–1840)
Zachariah Chickering (1840)
John Kennard (1840)
Joseph D. Currier (1841)
Eliphalet Grover (1841–1843)
J. Prentiss Locke (1843-unknown)
Richard R. Lock (c. 1847)
Jedediah Rand (1849–1853)
Reuben T. Leavitt (1853–1859)
Oliver P. Tucker (1859–1860)
Gustavus A. Abbott (1860–1861)
Joel P. Reynolds (1861–1864)
Edward Parks (assistant, 1863–1864)
Nathaniel P. Campbell (1864)
Ambrose Card (assistant, then keeper 1864)
Gilbert Amee (assistant 1864, then keeper 1864–1869)
Mrs. M. M. Amee (assistant, 1864–1867)
Isaac W. Chauncy (assistant, 1867–1868)
James W. Verney (1869–1871)
Ferdinand Barr (assistant 1868–1871, became keeper 3/22/1871)
Emily F. Barr (assistant, 1871)
William H. Caswell (1871–1872)
Frank P. Caswell (assistant, 1871–1872)
Chandler Martin (1872–1878)
George R. Frost (assistant, 1872–1873)
Frank L. Chauncey (assistant, 1873 and 1876–1880)
John L. A. Martin (assistant 1874–1876)
Leander White (1878–1887)
John W. Lewis (assistant 1880–1882)
Brackett Lewis (assistant 1883–1885)
Ellison C. White (assistant 1885–1887, principal keeper 1887–1888)
James M. Haley (1888–1893)
Daniel Stevens (assistant 1887–1890)
John W. Robinson (assistant 1890–1892)
James Haley (Jr.?) (assistant 1892–1893)
Walter S. Amee (1893–1921)
Wallace S, Chase (assistant 1893–1894)
Alvah J. Tobey (assistant 1894–1899)
Joseph A. Pruett (assistant 1896–1897)
John W. Wetzel (assistant 1897–1924)
John P. Brooks (assistant, 1899–1915)
Arnold B. White (1921–1941)
W. A. Alley (c. 1935)
Maynard F. Farnsworth (c. 1922–1940s)
Charles U. Gardner (relief keeper, c, 1942–1943)
Morgan W. Willis (1948–1950)
Francis D. Hickey (Coast Guard, c. 1956–1957)
Robert Brann (Coast Guard, c. 1957)
Stephen H. Rogers (USCG, c. 1957–1958)
James Pope (Coast Guard, c. early 1960s)

Gallery

File:Whaleback Lighthouse Maine c1950.jpg|USCG photo circa 1950

File:Whaleback Lighthouse Maine c1847.jpg|The original 1829 tower circa 1847.

File:ME - Whaleback Light - Kittery ME 03.jpg|Whaleback Light circa 2009 - winter sunrise

References

External links

[http://www.portsmouthharborlighthouse.org/ Friends of Portsmouth Harbor Lighthouses]
[http://www.lighthousefoundation.org/ American Lighthouse Foundation]