White-browed hawk
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2022}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = White-browed hawk
| image = Leucopternis kuhli White-browed Hawk; Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil (cropped).jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Leucopternis
| species = kuhli
| authority = Bonaparte, 1850
| synonyms =
| range_map = Leucopternis kuhli map.svg
}}
The white-browed hawk (Leucopternis kuhli) is a species of bird of prey in subfamily Accipitrinae, the "true" hawks, of family Accipitridae.{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/raptors/ |title=Hoatzin, New World vultures, Secretarybird, raptors |website=IOC World Bird List |version =v 12.2 |editor-last1=Gill |editor-first1= F. |editor-last2=Donsker|editor-first2=D.|editor-last3=Rasmussen |editor-first3=P. |date=August 2022 |access-date=December 8, 2022 }}Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 July 2022. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved July 24, 2022 It is found Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved November 10, 2022
Taxonomy and systematics
The white-browed hawk and the black-faced hawk (L. melanops) are sister species and have sometimes been considered conspecific. They share genus Leucopternis with the semiplumbeous hawk (L. semiplumbeus). The white-browed hawk is monotypic.
Description
The white-browed hawk is {{convert|37|to|40|cm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long with a {{convert|65|to|76|cm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} wingspan. Females are larger than males and both sexes have the same plumage. They have a dark head with a narrow white stripe above the eye. Their upperparts are black with white streaks on their nape and mantle. Their tail is black with a wide white band at the midpoint. Their underparts are white. Their eye is brown or reddish brown and their cere, legs, and feet are orange.Bierregaard, R. O., G. M. Kirwan, and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). White-browed Hawk (Leucopternis kuhli), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.whbhaw2.01 retrieved December 10, 2022
==Distribution and habitat==
The white-browed hawk is found south of the Amazon River. It occurs in eastern Peru between the departments of Loreto and Madre de Dios, in northern and northeastern Bolivia, and in Brazil to the Atlantic coast in Pará state. It inhabits tropical rainforest between sea level and {{convert|500|m|ft|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} of elevation.
Behavior
=Movement=
=Feeding=
=Breeding=
The white-browed hawk's breeding biology is almost unknown. The one described nest was in western Brazil in December and was thought to hold eggs. It was a small platform of sticks, twigs, and leaves placed in the subcanopy about {{convert|15|m|ft|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} above the ground.
{{birdsong|url=https://xeno-canto.org/species/Leucopternis-kuhli |species=white-browed hawk}}
=Vocalization=
Status
The IUCN has assessed the white-browed hawk as being of least concern. It has a large range but its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified. The species is poorly known, "but so much forest in its extensive range remains intact that [the] species can not be considered of immediate concern."
References
{{Commons category|Leucopternis kuhli}}
{{Wikispecies|Leucopternis kuhli}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1585484}}