Whitewater, Wisconsin

Whitewater was founded at the confluence of Whitewater Creek and Spring Brook, and named for the white sand in their beds.[http://www.ci.whitewater.wi.us/about_whitewater/history.html History of Whitewater] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125055054/http://www.ci.whitewater.wi.us/about_whitewater/history.html |date=January 25, 2008 }} A gristmill was built on Whitewater creek, the resulting pond now called Cravath Lake. The town grew quickly when the first railroad line in Wisconsin passed through in 1853, but struggled when the two largest employers left town.

Whitewater was originally founded entirely by settlers who arrived there from New England. These people were "Yankees", that is to say they were descended from the English Puritans who settled New England in the 1600s. They were part of a wave of New England farmers who headed west into what was then the wilds of the Northwest Territory during the early 1800s. Most of them arrived as a result of the completion of the Erie Canal. When they arrived in what is now Whitewater, then nothing but dense virgin forest and wild prairie, the New Englanders laid out farms, constructed roads, erected government buildings and established post routes. They brought with them many of their Yankee New England values, such as staunch support for abolitionism and a passion for education, establishing many schools as well. They were mostly members of the Congregationalist Church though some were Episcopalian. Due to the second Great Awakening some of them had converted to Methodism before moving to what is now Whitewater. Whitewater, like much of Wisconsin, would be culturally very continuous with early New England culture for most of its early history.History of Walworth County, Wisconsin by Albert Clayton Beckwith, 1912 page 779The History of Wisconsin by William Fletcher Thompson State Historical Society of Wisconsin, December 1, 1998 {{ISBN|9780870203039}}

Unlike much of Wisconsin, Walworth County was notable for not being heavily German-American, Whitewater had almost no German-Americans at a time when the state as a whole was receiving many.Wisconsin Votes: An Electoral History, Volume 3 by Robert Booth Fowler pg. 11-12 Whitewater in particular and Walworth County in general were also heavily anti-slavery, and the abolitionist movement was popular amongst the New England descended portion of the population in the area.

In the late 1800s immigrant families primarily from Belgium, Canada, Russia and Serbia settled in Whitewater, as well as smaller amounts of immigrants from France and England.History of Whitewater, Wisconsin by Mary Janette Bohi

File:Whitewater, Wisconsin train.webm

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|9.06|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|8.76|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.30|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 18, 2012}} Most of the city lies in Walworth County.

{{Weather box

| width = auto

| collapsed = yes

| single line = yes

| location = Whitewater Wastewater Treatment Plant, Wisconsin (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1949–present)

| Jan record high F = 60

| Feb record high F = 71

| Mar record high F = 83

| Apr record high F = 90

| May record high F = 95

| Jun record high F = 100

| Jul record high F = 102

| Aug record high F = 101

| Sep record high F = 100

| Oct record high F = 89

| Nov record high F = 78

| Dec record high F = 66

| year record high F = 102

| Jan avg record high F = 48.3

| Feb avg record high F = 51.5

| Mar avg record high F = 67.1

| Apr avg record high F = 78.3

| May avg record high F = 85.9

| Jun avg record high F = 90.8

| Jul avg record high F = 91.4

| Aug avg record high F = 90.3

| Sep avg record high F = 88.1

| Oct avg record high F = 80.8

| Nov avg record high F = 66.2

| Dec avg record high F = 51.9

| year avg record high F = 93.7

| Jan high F = 27.4

| Feb high F = 31.3

| Mar high F = 43.4

| Apr high F = 56.5

| May high F = 68.6

| Jun high F = 78.4

| Jul high F = 81.9

| Aug high F = 80.2

| Sep high F = 73.6

| Oct high F = 60.6

| Nov high F = 45.6

| Dec high F = 33.0

| year high F = 56.7

| Jan mean F = 19.5

| Feb mean F = 23.0

| Mar mean F = 34.1

| Apr mean F = 45.9

| May mean F = 57.6

| Jun mean F = 67.7

| Jul mean F = 71.4

| Aug mean F = 69.4

| Sep mean F = 62.0

| Oct mean F = 50.1

| Nov mean F = 37.2

| Dec mean F = 25.6

| year mean F = 47.0

| Jan low F = 11.5

| Feb low F = 14.7

| Mar low F = 24.9

| Apr low F = 35.4

| May low F = 46.7

| Jun low F = 57.0

| Jul low F = 60.9

| Aug low F = 58.6

| Sep low F = 50.5

| Oct low F = 39.5

| Nov low F = 28.7

| Dec low F = 18.2

| year low F = 37.2

| Jan avg record low F = -10.7

| Feb avg record low F = -5.9

| Mar avg record low F = 4.3

| Apr avg record low F = 21.2

| May avg record low F = 31.3

| Jun avg record low F = 41.3

| Jul avg record low F = 47.7

| Aug avg record low F = 46.2

| Sep avg record low F = 35.5

| Oct avg record low F = 25.1

| Nov avg record low F = 12.2

| Dec avg record low F = -2.8

| year avg record low F = -14.6

| Jan record low F = -37

| Feb record low F = -27

| Mar record low F = -20

| Apr record low F = 0

| May record low F = 17

| Jun record low F = 26

| Jul record low F = 40

| Aug record low F = 31

| Sep record low F = 26

| Oct record low F = 13

| Nov record low F = -10

| Dec record low F = -25

| year record low F = -37

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation inch = 1.58

| Feb precipitation inch = 1.53

| Mar precipitation inch = 1.88

| Apr precipitation inch = 3.52

| May precipitation inch = 4.19

| Jun precipitation inch = 4.96

| Jul precipitation inch = 3.76

| Aug precipitation inch = 4.31

| Sep precipitation inch = 3.52

| Oct precipitation inch = 3.01

| Nov precipitation inch = 2.22

| Dec precipitation inch = 1.75

| year precipitation inch = 36.23

| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in

| Jan precipitation days = 9.5

| Feb precipitation days = 8.5

| Mar precipitation days = 9.4

| Apr precipitation days = 12.3

| May precipitation days = 13.6

| Jun precipitation days = 12.4

| Jul precipitation days = 10.4

| Aug precipitation days = 10.8

| Sep precipitation days = 10.5

| Oct precipitation days = 12.0

| Nov precipitation days = 9.4

| Dec precipitation days = 9.6

| year precipitation days = 128.4

| Jan snow inch = 8.5

| Feb snow inch = 9.9

| Mar snow inch = 4.4

| Apr snow inch = 0.7

| May snow inch = 0.1

| Jun snow inch = 0.0

| Jul snow inch = 0.0

| Aug snow inch = 0.0

| Sep snow inch = 0.0

| Oct snow inch = 0.1

| Nov snow inch = 1.2

| Dec snow inch = 9.0

| year snow inch = 33.9

| unit snow days = 0.1 in

| Jan snow days = 5.1

| Feb snow days = 4.1

| Mar snow days = 2.2

| Apr snow days = 0.5

| May snow days = 0.0

| Jun snow days = 0.0

| Jul snow days = 0.0

| Aug snow days = 0.0

| Sep snow days = 0.0

| Oct snow days = 0.1

| Nov snow days = 0.9

| Dec snow days = 4.1

| year snow days = 17.0

| source = NOAA{{cite web

|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=mkx

|title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|access-date = March 31, 2024}}{{cite web

|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00479190&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL

|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|access-date = March 31, 2024}}

}}

In recent years, Whitewater has seen the arrival of around 800-1000 immigrants, mostly from Nicaragua. In a 2024 letter to the Biden administration, the city’s police chief and city manager requested more federal resources to assist in handling the influx.{{Cite web |last=Conniff |first=Ruth |date=2024-01-09 |title=Political spin distorts Whitewater immigration ‘crisis’ • Wisconsin Examiner |url=https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2024/01/09/political-spin-distorts-whitewater-immigration-crisis/ |access-date=2024-09-29 |website=Wisconsin Examiner |language=en-US}} Former President Trump and conservative media outlets highlighted the situation in Whitewater as an example of a city negatively impacted by lax immigration laws.{{cite web |last1=Sanchez |first1=Melissa |last2=Jameel |first2=Maryam |date=October 24, 2024 |title= What Happened in Whitewater |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/immigration-whitewater-wisconsin-nicaragua-trump-police |access-date=November 20, 2024 |publisher=ProPublica |language=en-US}}

As of the census of 2020, there were 14,889 people, 4,767 households, and 1,806 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,684.95|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 78.8% White, 4.2% African American, 0.5% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 7.2% from other races, and 6.4% from two or more races.

There were 4,767 households, of which 19.9% had one or more people under the age of 18 living with them, and 25.5% had one or more people 60 years or older living in them, with 9.9% having someone living alone who was 65 years or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 3.01.

The median age in the city was 21.6 years. 10.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 57.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 71.5% were 15 to 44 years old. The gender makeup of the city was 50.9% male and 49.1% female.

{{US Census population

|1860= 2731

|1880= 3617

|1890= 4359

|1900= 3405

|1910= 3224

|1920= 3215

|1930= 3465

|1940= 3689

|1950= 5101

|1960= 6380

|1970= 12038

|1980= 11520

|1990= 12636

|2000= 13437

|2010= 14390

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}

|2020=14889}}

As of the census{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 18, 2012}} of 2010, there were 14,390 people, 4,766 households, and 1,781 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|1642.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 5,113 housing units at an average density of {{convert|583.7|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 88.0% White, 3.5% African American, 0.3% Native American, 1.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 4.5% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 9.5% of the population.

There were 4,766 households, of which 18.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.2% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 62.6% were non-families. 34.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 3.01.

The median age in the city was 21.9 years. 11.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 53.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.7% were from 25 to 44; 11.8% were from 45 to 64; and 8.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.7% male and 49.3% female.

As of the census of 2000, there were 13,437 people, 4,132 households, and 1,685 families living in the city. The population density was 1,923.5 people per square mile (742.2/km²). There were 4,340 housing units at an average density of 621.3 per square mile (239.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.25% White, 2.34% African American, 0.27% Native American, 1.47% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 2.48% from other races, and 1.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 6.50% of the population.

There were 4,132 households, out of which 19.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.5% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 59.2% were non-families. 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 12.5% under the age of 18, 53.2% from 18 to 24, 15.7% from 25 to 44, 9.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,600, and the median income for a family was $48,185. Males had a median income of $33,078 versus $22,431 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,965. About 10.6% of families and 27.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.3% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over. (Note: information in this paragraph is still from the 2000 census.)

Image:Lake Cravath.jpg

File:Whitewater Wisconsin Sign WIS59.jpg

Annual events in Whitewater include "Freeze Fest" in January, the Bridal Fair, Farm Toy Show in February, Maxwell Street Day and the 4th of July celebration in July. The Minneiska Water Ski Shows perform in the summer on Whitewater Lake.[http://www.whitewaterskiteam.org/ Whitewaterskiteam.org] Departing from the Highway 12 crossing of the Ice Age Trail, group biking tours depart several times a week from the area. September through April, Young Auditorium at the university hosts entertainment.{{Cite web |url=http://www.uww.edu/youngauditorium/index.php |title=UWW.edu |access-date=January 26, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219184725/http://www.uww.edu/youngauditorium/index.php |archive-date=February 19, 2007 |url-status=dead }}

There are five community parks in Whitewater: Cravath Lakefront Park, Moraine View Park, Starin Park, Trippe Lake Park, and Whitewater Creek Nature Area. Effigy Mounds Preserve is an archeological park.{{cite web | title = Parks, Preserves and Paths | publisher = City of Whitewater | url = https://www.whitewater-wi.gov/DocumentCenter/View/1847/City-Parks-Preserves-and-Paths-PDF?bidId= | access-date = December 23, 2020}} An aquatic and fitness center is located in Whitewater.{{cite web | title = About the Aquatic Center | publisher = City of Whitewater | url = https://whitewater.recdesk.com/Community/Page?pageId=10133 | access-date = December 23, 2020}}

File:Whitewater Wisconsin Municipal Building City Hall.jpg

Image:Birge Fountain Side.png

Whitewater has a council-manager form of government. The city manager is Cameron Clapper. The Whitewater Common Council is made up of one member from each of the five districts and two members-at-large.{{Cite web |title=Common Council {{!}} Whitewater, WI |url=https://www.whitewater-wi.gov/308/Common-Council |access-date=June 11, 2022 |website=www.whitewater-wi.gov}}

Whitewater is served by the Whitewater Unified School District (WWUSD), which has five schools and one university in the city:

• Lakeview Elementary School
• Lincoln Elementary School
• Washington Elementary School
• Whitewater Middle School (WMS)
• Whitewater High School (WHS)
• University of Wisconsin–Whitewater

Kettle Moraine Baptist Academy, which serves students in grades kindergarten through 12, is also located in the city.[http://www.kmbcwi.org/kettle-moraine-baptist-academy/ Kettle Moraine Baptist Academy]

{{div col}}

• Stephen Ambrose, author, historian
• George Awsumb, architect
• James C. Bartholf, Wisconsin politician and newspaper editor
• Zadoc P. Beach, Wisconsin politician
• Marvin H. Bovee, Wisconsin politician
• Edwin Coe, newspaper editor and politician'Wisconsin Blue Book 1887,' Biographical Sketch of Edwin Coe, pg. 512
• Charles Coleman, Wisconsin politician
• Edward S. Curtis, photographer, director, actor, cinematographer
• Frank A. Dudley, New York state legislator and lawyer
• Jeffrey Foucault, recording artist
• Eva Kinney Griffith, journalist, temperance activist
• Ben Heller, Major League baseball player
• George W. Hull, Wisconsin politician
• Jeff Jagodzinski, NFL assistant coach, former head coach of the Boston College Eagles
• Dale Markham, NFL player
• Benjamin McCready, painter
• Stephen Nass, Wisconsin politician
• Eddie O'Donnell, Indy car driver
• Leon Pescheret, fine artist, designer, printmaker
• Elaine Roe, U.S. Army officer, one of the first four women to be awarded the Silver Star
• Edward J. Roethe, Wisconsin legislator
• Henry Edgar Roethe, Wisconsin legislator
• Byron Storm, Wisconsin legislator
• Eric Studesville, NFL assistant coach
• Eleazer Wakeley, Justice of the Nebraska Territory Supreme Court
• Jerome Anthony Watrous (1840–1922), author, newspaper writer, Republican politician, and lt. colonel
• Thompson Weeks, Wisconsin politician
• Samuel A. White, Wisconsin politician

{{div col end}}

{{Reflist}}

• Kraege, Fred G. Whitewater. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Press, 2006.

{{Commons category|Whitewater, Wisconsin}}

• [http://www.whitewater-wi.gov/ City of Whitewater]

{{Jefferson County, Wisconsin}}

{{Walworth County, Wisconsin}}

{{Geographic location

|Center=Whitewater

|Northwest=Fort Atkinson

|West=Lima Center

|Southwest=Richmond

|East=La Grange

|Southeast=Elkhorn

|Northeast=Palmyra}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Cities in Wisconsin

Category:Cities in Jefferson County, Wisconsin

Category:Cities in Walworth County, Wisconsin