Wiżajny
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Wiżajny
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type =
| image_skyline = Kościół p.w. św. Teresy w Wiżajnach.JPG
| image_caption = Saint Theresa church in Wiżajny
| image_flag =
| image_shield =
| image_map =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship
| subdivision_name1 = Podlaskie
| subdivision_type2 = County
| subdivision_name2 = Suwałki
| subdivision_type3 = Gmina
| subdivision_name3 = Wiżajny
| established_title = First mentioned
| established_date = 1253
| coordinates = {{coord|54|23|23|N|22|51|54|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| timezone = CET
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = CEST
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| registration_plate = BSU
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1000
| website = https://www.wizajny.pl
}}
Wiżajny ({{IPAc-pl|w|i|'|ż|a|I|n|y}}; {{Langx|lt|Vižainis}}) is a village in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania.{{cite web|url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa|title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)|date=2008-06-01|language=Polish}} It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wiżajny. It lies approximately {{convert|35|km|mi|0}} north of Suwałki and {{convert|143|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north of the regional capital Białystok.
History
File:Widok miasteczka - Wiżajny - 002866n.jpg
In the 6th-9th centuries this area has been inhabited by the Baltic tribe of Yotvingians. The first mention of the settlement comes from 1253 when it was recorded as "Weyze", which was most likely taken from the name of a nearby lake, which in turn was derived from the Lithuanian word vėžys, or crawfish. In the 14th century there was an inn next to the road from Vilkaviškis to Sejny. According to legend, in 1409 Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland Władysław Jagiełło hunted aurochs here and hence called the place Stumbrinė.{{cite web|url=https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:U0bmie3hvt0J:www.biuletyn.net/nt-bin/_private/wizajny/256.doc+Weyze+1253+Suwalki&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgdPjrhNIf9p37rfEop0I3ReL-RjQzDJMU_1x_YvDtdTmJYLcuISYIDM6oPhALyYFI_88fG3SXkUkk1TNxUViC1FYZ1tsAZko9QaWIMo0SKbAY3QPM9KzYbKXPwlFiaqI3Y4uNN&sig=AHIEtbQ2Mal9GKvd5PYrIf4OB2P9XqK3zQ&pli=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109083034/https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:U0bmie3hvt0J:www.biuletyn.net/nt-bin/_private/wizajny/256.doc+Weyze+1253+Suwalki&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgdPjrhNIf9p37rfEop0I3ReL-RjQzDJMU_1x_YvDtdTmJYLcuISYIDM6oPhALyYFI_88fG3SXkUkk1TNxUViC1FYZ1tsAZko9QaWIMo0SKbAY3QPM9KzYbKXPwlFiaqI3Y4uNN&sig=AHIEtbQ2Mal9GKvd5PYrIf4OB2P9XqK3zQ&pli=1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 9, 2012 |title=Unknown}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.suwalszczyzna.com.pl/miejsca/dane_m/wizajny.htm|title=Wiżajny - opis miejscowości}}
In 1570 the place was granted town status, in 1606 it had 4 streets: Stara, Wierzbołowska, Siemiańska i Sejweńska. Around 1800 the town was granted the coat of arms and right to build the town hall.{{cite web|url=http://www.odyssei.com/pl/travel-article/5450.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930110019/http://www.odyssei.com/pl/travel-article/5450.html |archive-date=2011-09-30|access-date=2023-10-01|title=Cykl Gminy polskie - gmina Wiżajny - historia|language=pl}}
During the German occupation (World War II), the Germans arrested the local Polish parish priest {{interlanguage link|Stanisław Maciątek|pl|display=1}} in early November 1939 and imprisoned him in nearby Suwałki until November 11, 1939.{{cite journal|last=Guzewicz|first=Wojciech|year=2008|title=Eksterminacja duchowieństwa katolickiego na Suwalszczyźnie w okresie okupacji niemieckiej|journal=Studia Ełckie|language=Polish|issue=10|page=145}} He was arrested again in April 1940 in Mikaszówka and deported to the Soldau and Sachsenhausen concentration camps, where he died of exhaustion in June 1940 (see Nazi crimes against the Polish nation). The Germans also seized the local rectory and converted it into a customs office.Guzewicz, p. 158
In 1947–1961, the local parish priest was Kazimierz Równy, former prisoner of the Soldau, Sachsenhausen and Dachau concentration camps.Guzewicz, pp. 152-153