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Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/5/Biology and health sciences/Biology#Basics

{{Vital articles navigation/level 5/Biology}}

Vital articles is a list of subjects for which Wikipedia should have corresponding high-quality articles. It serves as a centralized watchlist to track the status of Wikipedia's most essential articles. This is one of the sub-lists of the fifty thousand article Vital articles/Level 5 and is currently under construction.

{{Wikipedia:Vital articles 5/Labels}}

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:See also: Agriculture and Biotechnology in Technology

Quota 1,100 articles.

Total 1,122 articles.

class="wikitable sortable"
Class#Articles
{{Icon|FA}} FA14
{{Icon|GA}} GA105
{{Icon|B}} B272
{{Icon|C}} C529
{{Icon|FFA}} FFA10
{{Icon|DGA}} DGA16
{{Icon|Start}} Start196
{{Icon|Stub}} Stub5

=Biology basics =

{{Vital article count|70}}

{{Div col|colwidth=18em}}

  1. {{Icon|GA}} Life (Level 1)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Death (Level 2)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Decomposition
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Suicide (Level 3)
  5. {{Icon|GA}} Abiogenesis (Level 3)
  6. {{Icon|GA}} Organism (Level 3)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Earliest known life forms
  8. {{Icon|B}} Model organism (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|GA}} Microorganism
  10. {{Icon|B}} Bacteriophage
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Carbon-based life
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Non-cellular life
  13. {{Icon|B}} Artificial life
  14. {{Icon|GA}} Biology (Level 2)
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Human biology
  16. {{Icon|C}} Microbiology (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|C}} Microbiological culture
  18. {{Icon|C}} Mycology (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|B}} Synthetic biology
  20. {{Icon|FA}} Evolution (Level 2)
  21. {{Icon|GA}} History of life (Level 4)
  22. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Introduction to evolution
  23. {{Icon|B}} Neuroscience (Level 4)
  24. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Brain–computer interface
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Clinical neuroscience
  26. {{Icon|C}} Neural network (biology)
  27. {{Icon|B}} Neuroplasticity
  28. {{Icon|B}} Sense (Level 3)
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Organic matter
  30. {{Icon|B}} Amber (Level 4)
  31. {{Icon|C}} Ivory (Level 4)
  32. {{Icon|B}} Pearl (Level 4)
  33. {{Icon|GA}} Paleontology (Level 3)
  34. {{Icon|B}} Fossil (Level 4)
  35. {{Icon|C}} Living fossil
  36. {{Icon|GA}} Transitional fossil
  37. {{Icon|B}} Trace fossil
  38. {{Icon|Start}} Petrified wood
  39. {{Icon|B}} Micropaleontology
  40. {{Icon|C}} Paleobotany
  41. {{Icon|Start}} Paleoecology
  42. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|FFA}} Bioinformatics
  43. {{Icon|C}} Computational biology
  44. {{Icon|C}} Proteomics
  45. {{Icon|C}} Biomechanics (Level 4)
  46. {{Icon|C}} Systems biology
  47. {{Icon|C}} Ethnobiology

{{Div col end}}

Phylogenetics and taxonomy

{{Vital article count|23}}

{{Div col|colwidth=18em}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Phylogenetics (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Binomial nomenclature (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|GA}} Taxonomy (biology) (Level 3)
  4. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|FFA}} Cladistics
  5. {{Icon|C}} Clade
  6. {{Icon|C}} Crown group
  7. {{Icon|C}} Incertae sedis
  8. {{Icon|C}} Synonym (taxonomy)
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Taxon
  10. {{Icon|C}} Taxonomic rank
  11. {{Icon|B}} Domain (biology) (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|B}} Kingdom (biology) (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Phylum
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Class (biology)
  15. {{Icon|C}} Order (biology)
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Family (biology)
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Type genus
  18. {{Icon|Start}} Tribe (biology)
  19. {{Icon|C}} Genus
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Type species
  21. {{Icon|GA}} Species (Level 3)
  22. {{Icon|C}} Infraspecific name
  23. {{Icon|C}} Subspecies

{{Div col end}}

=Anatomy and morphology =

{{Vital article count|386}}

For anatomy and physiology articles specific to or mostly about human anatomy, see Medical basics -- Human anatomy.

Basic anatomy

{{Vital article count|17}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|GA}} Anatomy (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Anatomical variation
  3. {{Icon|B}} Dissection (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Morphology (biology)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Organ (biology) (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Organ system
  7. {{Icon|C}} Tissue (biology) (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Histology
  9. {{Icon|B}} Sexual dimorphism (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|C}} Bacterial cell structure
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Bacterial capsule
  12. {{Icon|B}} Endospore
  13. {{Icon|C}} Pilus
  14. {{Icon|B}} Biofilm
  15. {{Icon|B}} Bird anatomy
  16. {{Icon|B}} Fish anatomy
  17. {{Icon|B}} Insect morphology

{{Div col end}}

Animal anatomy and morphology

{{Vital article count|313}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Body (biology)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Head (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Beak
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Cheek
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Proboscis
  6. {{Icon|Stub}} Snout
  7. {{Icon|C}} Neck
  8. {{Icon|C}} Thorax (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Thorax (arthropod anatomy)
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Digit (anatomy)
  11. {{Icon|C}} Abdomen (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|Start}} Navel
  13. {{Icon|C}} Peritoneum
  14. {{Icon|C}} Body cavity
  15. {{Icon|C}} Abdominal cavity
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Body fluid
  17. {{Icon|C}} Buttocks
  18. {{Icon|C}} Extracellular fluid
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Claw
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Hoof
  21. {{Icon|C}} Fin
  22. {{Icon|C}} Bird wing
  23. {{Icon|B}} Fish fin
  24. {{Icon|GA}} Insect wing
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Limb (anatomy)
  26. {{Icon|Stub}} Flipper (anatomy)
  27. {{Icon|B}} Webbed foot
  28. {{Icon|C}} Arthropod leg
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Gland
  30. {{Icon|Start}} Tail
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Torso

=Circulatory system =

{{Vital article count|29}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Circulatory system (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Blood (Level 3)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Blood plasma
  4. {{Icon|C}} Blood cell
  5. {{Icon|B}} Platelet
  6. {{Icon|B}} Red blood cell (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|B}} White blood cell (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Neutrophil
  9. {{Icon|C}} Eosinophil
  10. {{Icon|C}} Basophil
  11. {{Icon|B}} Mast cell
  12. {{Icon|C}} Blood vessel
  13. {{Icon|C}} Artery (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Arteriole
  15. {{Icon|B}} Capillary (Level 4)
  16. {{Icon|B}} Vein (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Venule
  18. {{Icon|C}} Endothelium
  19. {{Icon|GA}} Heart (Level 3)
  20. {{Icon|C}} Aorta
  21. {{Icon|C}} Atrium (heart)
  22. {{Icon|C}} Heart valve
  23. {{Icon|C}} Ventricle (heart)
  24. {{Icon|B}} Lymphatic system (Level 4)
  25. {{Icon|C}} Lymph
  26. {{Icon|C}} Lymph node
  27. {{Icon|C}} Lymphatic vessel
  28. {{Icon|C}} Spleen (Level 4)
  29. {{Icon|B}} Blood–brain barrier

=Endocrine system =

{{Vital article count|7}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Endocrine system (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|GA}} Adrenal gland (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Hypothalamus
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Parathyroid gland
  5. {{Icon|B}} Pineal gland
  6. {{Icon|C}} Pituitary gland
  7. {{Icon|GA}} Thyroid (Level 4)

=Exocrine system =

{{Vital article count|6}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Exocrine gland
  2. {{Icon|C}} Lacrimal gland
  3. {{Icon|B}} Mucus
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Sebaceous gland
  5. {{Icon|B}} Sweat gland
  6. {{Icon|C}} Perspiration

=Gastrointestinal tract =

{{Vital article count|33}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Anus
  2. {{Icon|B}} Appendix (anatomy)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Cloaca
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Esophagus (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Feces
  6. {{Icon|GA}} Gallbladder
  7. {{Icon|C}} Large intestine (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Cecum
  9. {{Icon|C}} Rectum
  10. {{Icon|B}} Liver (Level 3)
  11. {{Icon|C}} Bile
  12. {{Icon|C}} Mouth (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Cephalopod beak
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Insect mouthparts
  15. {{Icon|C}} Lip
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Palate
  17. {{Icon|B}} Saliva
  18. {{Icon|B}} Salivary gland
  19. {{Icon|B}} Tongue (Level 4)
  20. {{Icon|B}} Tooth
  21. {{Icon|B}} Dentition
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Fang
  23. {{Icon|C}} Gums
  24. {{Icon|Start}} Tusk
  25. {{Icon|C}} Vocal sac
  26. {{Icon|GA}} Pancreas (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|C}} Pharynx
  28. {{Icon|C}} Small intestine (Level 4)
  29. {{Icon|C}} Duodenum
  30. {{Icon|C}} Jejunum
  31. {{Icon|C}} Ileum
  32. {{Icon|C}} Stomach (Level 4)
  33. {{Icon|Start}} Throat

=Immune system =

{{Vital article count|11}}

  1. {{Icon|FA}} Immune system (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Adaptive immune system
  3. {{Icon|B}} Innate immune system
  4. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Antibody (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|B}} Antigen
  6. {{Icon|C}} B cell
  7. {{Icon|C}} Dendritic cell
  8. {{Icon|B}} Macrophage
  9. {{Icon|C}} Natural killer cell
  10. {{Icon|B}} T cell
  11. {{Icon|GA}} Thymus

=Integumentary system =

{{Vital article count|20}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Integumentary system (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Mammary gland
  3. {{Icon|B}} Breast (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Nipple
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Udder
  6. {{Icon|B}} Feather (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|B}} Fingerprint (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|B}} Hair (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|C}} Body hair
  10. {{Icon|C}} Fur (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|C}} Hair follicle
  12. {{Icon|C}} Pubic hair
  13. {{Icon|C}} Whiskers
  14. {{Icon|C}} Nail (anatomy) (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|C}} Scale (zoology) (Level 4)
  16. {{Icon|C}} Skin (Level 3)
  17. {{Icon|B}} Epidermis
  18. {{Icon|C}} Dermis
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Spine (zoology)
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Stinger

=Muscular system =

{{Vital article count|6}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Muscular system (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Cardiac muscle
  3. {{Icon|B}} Muscle cell (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Sarcomere (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|B}} Skeletal muscle (Level 3)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Smooth muscle

=Nervous system =

{{Vital article count|85}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Nervous system (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Central nervous system (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Peripheral nervous system (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Ganglion
  5. {{Icon|C}} Antenna (zoology)
  6. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Brain (Level 3)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Brainstem (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Medulla oblongata
  9. {{Icon|C}} Midbrain
  10. {{Icon|C}} Pons
  11. {{Icon|C}} Thalamus
  12. {{Icon|FA}} Cerebellum (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|B}} Cerebral cortex (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|C}} Cerebrum (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|C}} Frontal lobe
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Occipital lobe
  17. {{Icon|C}} Parietal lobe
  18. {{Icon|C}} Temporal lobe
  19. {{Icon|C}} Amygdala
  20. {{Icon|FA}} Hippocampus
  21. {{Icon|GA}} Cerebrospinal fluid
  22. {{Icon|B}} Glia
  23. {{Icon|C}} Nerve
  24. {{Icon|GA}} Cranial nerves
  25. {{Icon|C}} Spinal nerve
  26. {{Icon|B}} Neuron (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|B}} Axon
  28. {{Icon|C}} Dendrite
  29. {{Icon|C}} Myelin
  30. {{Icon|C}} Synapse
  31. {{Icon|C}} Spinal cord (Level 4)
  32. {{Icon|C}} Autonomic nervous system
  33. {{Icon|C}} Parasympathetic nervous system
  34. {{Icon|C}} Sympathetic nervous system
  35. {{Icon|C}} Sensory nervous system (Level 4)
  36. {{Icon|C}} Synesthesia
  37. {{Icon|C}} Auditory system (Level 4)
  38. {{Icon|GA}} Ear (Level 3)
  39. {{Icon|C}} Outer ear
  40. {{Icon|C}} Eardrum
  41. {{Icon|C}} Ossicles
  42. {{Icon|B}} Cochlea
  43. {{Icon|C}} Hair cell
  44. {{Icon|C}} Hearing (Level 4)
  45. {{Icon|C}} Auditory cortex
  46. {{Icon|GA}} Lateral line
  47. {{Icon|C}} Taste (Level 4)
  48. {{Icon|Start}} Bitter taste evolution
  49. {{Icon|C}} Pungency
  50. {{Icon|B}} Sweetness
  51. {{Icon|B}} Umami
  52. {{Icon|C}} Olfactory system (Level 4)
  53. {{Icon|C}} Nose (Level 4)
  54. {{Icon|Start}} Nostril
  55. {{Icon|C}} Sense of smell (Level 4)
  56. {{Icon|C}} Somatosensory system (Level 4)
  57. {{Icon|B}} Pain (Level 4)
  58. {{Icon|B}} Proprioception
  59. {{Icon|C}} Visual system (Level 4)
  60. {{Icon|B}} Eye (Level 3)
  61. {{Icon|Start}} Compound eye
  62. {{Icon|B}} Cornea
  63. {{Icon|C}} Eye color
  64. {{Icon|C}} Eyelid
  65. {{Icon|C}} Iris (anatomy)
  66. {{Icon|C}} Lens (vertebrate anatomy)
  67. {{Icon|C}} Optic nerve
  68. {{Icon|C}} Photoreceptor cell
  69. {{Icon|C}} Cone cell
  70. {{Icon|Start}} Rod cell
  71. {{Icon|C}} Pupil
  72. {{Icon|B}} Retina
  73. {{Icon|C}} Simple eye in invertebrates
  74. {{Icon|Start}} Tears
  75. {{Icon|C}} Vitreous body
  76. {{Icon|C}} Visual perception (Level 4)
  77. {{Icon|C}} Accommodation (vertebrate eye)
  78. {{Icon|B}} Visual acuity
  79. {{Icon|C}} Color vision (Level 4)
  80. {{Icon|C}} Monochromacy
  81. {{Icon|Start}} Dichromacy
  82. {{Icon|C}} Trichromacy
  83. {{Icon|C}} Tetrachromacy
  84. {{Icon|C}} Purkinje effect
  85. {{Icon|C}} Visual cortex

=Reproductive system =

{{Vital article count|20}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Reproductive system (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Sex organ (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Female reproductive system (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Clitoris (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Fallopian tube
  6. {{Icon|C}} Ovary (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Placenta (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Pouch (marsupial)
  9. {{Icon|B}} Uterus (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|GA}} Cervix
  11. {{Icon|GA}} Vagina (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Hymen
  13. {{Icon|C}} Male reproductive system (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|C}} Penis (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|C}} Foreskin
  16. {{Icon|C}} Glans penis
  17. {{Icon|GA}} Prostate
  18. {{Icon|B}} Testicle (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|C}} Scrotum
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Genitourinary system

=Respiratory system =

{{Vital article count|8}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Respiratory system (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Gill (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|GA}} Lung (Level 3)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Bronchus
  5. {{Icon|C}} Pulmonary alveolus
  6. {{Icon|B}} Larynx
  7. {{Icon|C}} Thoracic diaphragm
  8. {{Icon|GA}} Trachea

=Skeletal system =

{{Vital article count|38}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Skeleton (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Bone (Level 3)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Bone marrow
  4. {{Icon|C}} Antler
  5. {{Icon|C}} Carpal bones
  6. {{Icon|C}} Clavicle
  7. {{Icon|C}} Femur
  8. {{Icon|C}} Fibula
  9. {{Icon|C}} Horn (anatomy)
  10. {{Icon|C}} Humerus
  11. {{Icon|C}} Hyoid bone
  12. {{Icon|C}} Jaw (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Joint (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|C}} Ankle
  15. {{Icon|C}} Elbow
  16. {{Icon|C}} Knee
  17. {{Icon|C}} Wrist
  18. {{Icon|C}} Maxilla
  19. {{Icon|C}} Metacarpal bones
  20. {{Icon|C}} Metatarsal bones
  21. {{Icon|C}} Patella
  22. {{Icon|B}} Pelvis (Level 4)
  23. {{Icon|C}} Phalanx bone
  24. {{Icon|C}} Radius (bone)
  25. {{Icon|C}} Rib cage
  26. {{Icon|C}} Rib
  27. {{Icon|C}} Sternum
  28. {{Icon|C}} Sacrum
  29. {{Icon|B}} Scapula
  30. {{Icon|C}} Skull (Level 4)
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Tarsus (skeleton)
  32. {{Icon|C}} Tibia
  33. {{Icon|C}} Ulna
  34. {{Icon|C}} Spinal column (Level 4)
  35. {{Icon|C}} Intervertebral disc
  36. {{Icon|C}} Vertebra
  37. {{Icon|C}} Exoskeleton
  38. {{Icon|C}} Mollusc shell

=Tissues =

{{Vital article count|12}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Connective tissue (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Adipocyte
  3. {{Icon|B}} Adipose tissue
  4. {{Icon|C}} Cartilage (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Hyaline cartilage
  6. {{Icon|C}} Fibroblast
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Ligament (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Tendon (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|C}} Epithelium (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|C}} Basement membrane
  11. {{Icon|C}} Muscle (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Nervous tissue (Level 4)

=Urinary system =

{{Vital article count|7}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Bladder (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Kidney (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Nephron
  4. {{Icon|C}} Urethra
  5. {{Icon|GA}} Ureter
  6. {{Icon|C}} Urinary system (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|B}} Urine

{{Div col end}}

Plant anatomy and morphology

{{Vital article count|49}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

=Plant anatomy and morphology: General=

{{Vital article count|32}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Plant anatomy (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Plant morphology (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Plant nutrition
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Bulb
  5. {{Icon|GA}} Flower (Level 3)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Gynoecium
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Petal
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Sepal
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Stamen
  10. {{Icon|C}} Fruit (Level 3)
  11. {{Icon|B}} Berry (botany) (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|B}} Nut (fruit) (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Herbaceous plant
  14. {{Icon|C}} Leaf (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Rhizome
  16. {{Icon|B}} Root (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Aerial root
  18. {{Icon|C}} Taproot
  19. {{Icon|B}} Seed (Level 3)
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Seedling
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Cotyledon
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Hypocotyl
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Radicle
  24. {{Icon|C}} Shrub (Level 4)
  25. {{Icon|B}} Stolon
  26. {{Icon|B}} Stoma (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|C}} Strobilus
  28. {{Icon|GA}} Tree (Level 3)
  29. {{Icon|B}} Tuber
  30. {{Icon|Start}} Vine
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Liana
  32. {{Icon|B}} Tendril

=Plant stem =

{{Vital article count|8}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Plant stem (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Bark (botany) (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Branch
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Cortex (botany)
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Pith
  6. {{Icon|B}} Stele (biology)
  7. {{Icon|GA}} Trunk (botany) (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Twig

=Plant tissues =

{{Vital article count|9}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Epidermis (botany) (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Endodermis
  3. {{Icon|C}} Ground tissue (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Meristem (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Vascular tissue (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Primary vein
  7. {{Icon|B}} Phloem
  8. {{Icon|C}} Xylem
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Vascular cambium (Level 4)

{{Div col end}}

Fungal morphology and anatomy

{{Vital article count|7}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|Start}} Ascus
  2. {{Icon|C}} Basidium
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Conidium
  4. {{Icon|C}} Hypha (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Mycelium (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Sporangium
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Thallus

{{div col end}}

=Biological processes and physiology =

{{Vital article count|132}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

Basics

{{Vital article count|54}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Physiology (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Plant physiology
  3. {{Icon|C}} Blinking
  4. {{Icon|C}} Breathing (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Cardiac cycle
  6. {{Icon|C}} Chemosynthesis
  7. {{Icon|B}} Circadian rhythm (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Digestion (Level 3)
  9. Regurgitation (digestion)
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Excretion (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Burping
  12. {{Icon|C}} Defecation
  13. {{Icon|B}} Flatulence
  14. {{Icon|B}} Urination
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Healing
  16. {{Icon|B}} Coagulation
  17. {{Icon|C}} Hemostasis
  18. {{Icon|B}} Wound healing
  19. {{Icon|C}} Homeostasis
  20. {{Icon|C}} Acid–base homeostasis
  21. {{Icon|C}} Blood sugar level (Level 4)
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Osmoregulation
  23. {{Icon|FA}} Metabolism (Level 3)
  24. {{Icon|C}} Biosynthesis
  25. {{Icon|Stub}} Bradymetabolism
  26. {{Icon|Start}} Catabolism
  27. {{Icon|C}} Gluconeogenesis
  28. {{Icon|C}} Metabolomics
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Secondary metabolite
  30. {{Icon|B}} Muscle contraction (Level 4)
  31. {{Icon|B}} Photosynthesis (Level 3)
  32. {{Icon|C}} Light-dependent reactions
  33. {{Icon|C}} Calvin cycle
  34. {{Icon|C}} Biological carbon fixation
  35. {{Icon|Start}} C3 carbon fixation
  36. {{Icon|C}} C4 carbon fixation
  37. {{Icon|Start}} Crassulacean acid metabolism
  38. {{Icon|Start}} Respiration (physiology) (Level 4)
  39. {{Icon|C}} Thermoregulation (Level 4)
  40. {{Icon|C}} Warm-blooded
  41. {{Icon|C}} Thermogenesis
  42. {{Icon|Start}} Ectotherm
  43. {{Icon|C}} Endotherm
  44. {{Icon|Start}} Eurytherm
  45. {{Icon|C}} Poikilotherm
  46. {{Icon|Start}} Mesotherm
  47. {{Icon|Start}} Homeothermy
  48. {{Icon|Start}} Heterothermy
  49. {{Icon|Stub}} Stenotherm
  50. {{Icon|B}} Kleptothermy
  51. {{Icon|Start}} Gigantothermy
  52. {{Icon|Start}} Thermostability
  53. {{Icon|Start}} Thermolabile
  54. {{Icon|C}} Transpiration (Level 4)

Development

{{Vital article count|2}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Developmental biology (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Development of the human body (Level 4)

Animal ontogeny

{{Vital article count|15}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Cuticle (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Embryo (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Embryology
  4. {{Icon|C}} Fetus (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Imago (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Larva (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Longevity (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Metamorphosis (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|C}} Moulting (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Nymph (biology) (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|B}} Ontogeny (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Puberty (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Pupa (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|C}} Tadpole (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|B}} Umbilical cord

Biological reproduction

{{Vital article count|12}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Reproduction (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Offspring
  3. {{Icon|C}} Asexual reproduction (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Parthenogenesis
  5. {{Icon|B}} Sex (Level 3)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Sexual reproduction (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Female (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Male (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Gamete
  10. {{Icon|C}} Germline
  11. {{Icon|C}} Microbial cyst (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Spore (Level 4)

Animal reproduction

{{Vital article count|19}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Egg (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Oogenesis
  3. {{Icon|C}} Egg white
  4. {{Icon|C}} Yolk
  5. {{Icon|C}} Birth (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|B}} Lactation
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Pregnancy (mammals)
  8. {{Icon|C}} Pregnancy in fish
  9. {{Icon|C}} Semen (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|C}} Ejaculation
  11. {{Icon|C}} Insemination
  12. {{Icon|C}} Sperm (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|B}} Spermatogenesis
  14. {{Icon|C}} Animal embryonic development
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Zygote
  16. {{Icon|C}} Cleavage (embryo)
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Blastulation
  18. {{Icon|C}} Gastrulation
  19. {{Icon|C}} Germ layer

Human reproduction

{{Vital article count|17}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Human reproduction
  2. {{Icon|B}} Pregnancy (Level 3)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Human embryonic development
  4. {{Icon|C}} Human fertilization
  5. {{Icon|B}} Miscarriage
  6. {{Icon|B}} Childbirth (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Breech birth
  8. {{Icon|C}} Multiple birth
  9. {{Icon|C}} Preterm birth
  10. {{Icon|C}} Postterm pregnancy
  11. {{Icon|C}} Stillbirth
  12. {{Icon|FA}} Menstrual cycle (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|B}} Menstruation
  14. {{Icon|B}} Ovulation
  15. {{Icon|B}} Premenstrual syndrome
  16. {{Icon|B}} Menopause (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|C}} Hot flash

Plant reproduction

{{Vital article count|13}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Plant reproduction (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Alternation of generations (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Gametophyte (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Antheridium
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Archegonium
  6. {{Icon|B}} Germination
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Oogonium
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Plant embryonic development
  9. {{Icon|C}} Plant reproductive morphology (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|B}} Pollen (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|B}} Pollination (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Sporophyte (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Vernalization

{{Div col end}}

=Biochemistry and molecular biology =

{{Vital article count|181}}

Biochemistry

{{Vital article count|144}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Biochemistry (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Chemical biology (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Biomolecule (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|Start}} Structural biology

=Alkaloids =

{{Vital article count|5}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Alkaloid (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Caffeine (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Cocaine (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|B}} Morphine (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|B}} Nicotine (Level 4)

=Biological pigments =

{{Vital article count|8}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Biological pigment (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Carotenoid (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Β-Carotene
  4. {{Icon|B}} Lutein
  5. {{Icon|C}} Chlorophyll (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Melanin (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Rhodopsin
  8. {{Icon|GA}} Structural coloration

=Carbohydrates =

{{Vital article count|19}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Carbohydrate (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Monosaccharide
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Deoxyribose
  4. {{Icon|B}} Fructose (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Galactose
  6. {{Icon|B}} Glucose (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Glyceraldehyde
  8. {{Icon|B}} Ribose
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Disaccharide
  10. {{Icon|C}} Lactose (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|C}} Maltose
  12. {{Icon|B}} Sucrose
  13. {{Icon|C}} Polysaccharide
  14. {{Icon|B}} Agar
  15. {{Icon|B}} Cellulose (Level 4)
  16. {{Icon|C}} Chitin (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|B}} Glycogen (Level 4)
  18. {{Icon|B}} Pectin
  19. {{Icon|C}} Starch (Level 4)

=Coenzymes=

{{Vital article count|2}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Adenosine triphosphate (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|FA}} Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

=Hormones =

{{Vital article count|30}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Hormone (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Adrenaline (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Androgen
  4. {{Icon|B}} Testosterone (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|B}} Aldosterone
  6. {{Icon|B}} Cortisol
  7. {{Icon|GA}} Dopamine (Level 4)
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Endorphins
  9. {{Icon|B}} Estrogen (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|B}} Glucocorticoid
  11. {{Icon|B}} Growth hormone
  12. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Insulin (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|B}} Leptin
  14. {{Icon|B}} Melatonin
  15. {{Icon|B}} Oxytocin (Level 4)
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Progestogen
  17. {{Icon|B}} Progesterone
  18. {{Icon|C}} Secretin
  19. {{Icon|C}} Thyroid hormones
  20. {{Icon|B}} Vasopressin
  21. {{Icon|B}} Plant hormone (Level 4)
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Abscisic acid
  23. {{Icon|B}} Auxin
  24. {{Icon|Start}} Brassinosteroid
  25. {{Icon|C}} Cytokinin
  26. {{Icon|Start}} Florigen
  27. {{Icon|Start}} Gibberellin
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Jasmonate
  29. {{Icon|C}} Salicylic acid
  30. {{Icon|C}} Strigolactone

=Lipids =

{{Vital article count|8}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Lipid (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Fat (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Fatty acid (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|B}} Omega-3 fatty acid
  5. {{Icon|B}} Omega-6 fatty acid
  6. {{Icon|C}} Lipopolysaccharide
  7. {{Icon|B}} Lipoprotein
  8. {{Icon|C}} Phospholipid

=Nucleic acids =

{{Vital article count|14}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Nucleic acid (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|FA}} DNA (Level 3)
  3. {{Icon|GA}} RNA (Level 3)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Messenger RNA
  5. {{Icon|B}} Transfer RNA
  6. {{Icon|B}} Ribosomal RNA
  7. {{Icon|C}} Nucleic acid structure
  8. {{Icon|C}} Base pair
  9. {{Icon|C}} Nucleotide
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Adenine
  11. {{Icon|Start}} Cytosine
  12. {{Icon|B}} Guanine
  13. {{Icon|C}} Thymine
  14. {{Icon|B}} Uracil

=Neurotransmitters =

{{Vital article count|5}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Neurotransmitter
  2. {{Icon|B}} Acetylcholine
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Catecholamine
  4. {{Icon|C}} γ-Aminobutyric acid
  5. {{Icon|B}} Glutathione

=Proteins =

{{Vital article count|39}}

  1. {{Icon|GA}} Protein (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|GA}} Amino acid (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Proteinogenic amino acid
  4. {{Icon|C}} Essential amino acid
  5. {{Icon|C}} Alanine
  6. {{Icon|B}} Arginine
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Asparagine
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Aspartic acid
  9. {{Icon|B}} Cysteine
  10. {{Icon|C}} Glutamic acid
  11. {{Icon|C}} Glutamine
  12. {{Icon|B}} Glycine
  13. {{Icon|C}} Histidine
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Isoleucine
  15. {{Icon|C}} Leucine
  16. {{Icon|B}} Lysine
  17. {{Icon|B}} Methionine
  18. {{Icon|B}} Phenylalanine
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Proline
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Serine
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Threonine
  22. {{Icon|C}} Tryptophan
  23. {{Icon|C}} Tyrosine
  24. {{Icon|Start}} Valine
  25. {{Icon|C}} Collagen
  26. {{Icon|FA}} Enzyme (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|B}} Gelatin
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Glycoprotein
  29. {{Icon|B}} Hemoglobin (Level 4)
  30. {{Icon|B}} Glycated hemoglobin
  31. {{Icon|C}} Histone
  32. {{Icon|C}} Keratin
  33. {{Icon|C}} Peptide
  34. {{Icon|C}} Peptidoglycan
  35. {{Icon|C}} Protein (nutrient) (Level 4)
  36. {{Icon|B}} Protein biosynthesis
  37. {{Icon|B}} Protein structure
  38. {{Icon|C}} Proteome
  39. {{Icon|B}} Gluten

=Steroids =

{{Vital article count|3}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Steroid (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Cholesterol (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Steroid hormone

{{Div col end}}

=Metabolic processes=

{{Vital article count|7}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Cellular respiration (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|Start}} Anaerobic respiration
  3. {{Icon|C}} Citric acid cycle
  4. {{Icon|B}} Electron transport chain
  5. {{Icon|B}} Glycolysis (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|FA}} Oxidative phosphorylation
  7. {{Icon|C}} Fermentation (Level 4)

Molecular biology

{{Vital article count|37}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Molecular biology (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Gene expression (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Central dogma of molecular biology
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Genetic code (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} DNA replication (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|C}} DNA polymerase
  7. {{Icon|Start}} DNA ligase
  8. {{Icon|C}} Helicase
  9. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|FFA}} DNA repair
  10. {{Icon|C}} Transposable element
  11. {{Icon|C}} Non-coding DNA
  12. {{Icon|B}} Transcription (biology) (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Enhancer (genetics)
  14. {{Icon|B}} Operon
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Promoter (genetics)
  16. {{Icon|B}} RNA polymerase
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Terminator (genetics)
  18. {{Icon|B}} Transcription factor
  19. {{Icon|B}} Transcriptome
  20. {{Icon|Start}} Post-transcriptional modification
  21. {{Icon|C}} RNA splicing
  22. {{Icon|C}} Exon
  23. {{Icon|C}} Intron
  24. {{Icon|B}} MicroRNA
  25. {{Icon|FA}} RNA interference
  26. {{Icon|B}} Translation (biology) (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|Start}} Post-translational modification
  28. {{Icon|C}} Protein folding
  29. {{Icon|Start}} Ubiquitin
  30. {{Icon|C}} Regulation of gene expression
  31. {{Icon|C}} Non-coding RNA
  32. {{Icon|B}} Reverse transcriptase
  33. {{Icon|Start}} Complementary DNA
  34. {{Icon|C}} Restriction enzyme
  35. {{Icon|C}} Cloning vector
  36. {{Icon|C}} Expression vector
  37. {{Icon|C}} Telomere

{{Div col end}}

=Zoology =

{{Vital article count|59}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

=Basics =

{{Vital article count|12}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Zoology (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Entomology
  3. {{Icon|C}} Herpetology
  4. {{Icon|C}} Ichthyology
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Malacology
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Mammalogy
  7. {{Icon|B}} Ornithology
  8. {{Icon|GA}} Animal (Level 2)
  9. {{Icon|B}} Animal consciousness
  10. {{Icon|GA}} Animal coloration (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|GA}} Camouflage (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|GA}} Mimicry

=Ethology =

{{Vital article count|47}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Ethology (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Intelligence (Level 3)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Sleep (Level 3)
  4. {{Icon|B}} Sleep in animals
  5. {{Icon|B}} Rapid eye movement sleep
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Siesta
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Wakefulness
  8. {{Icon|C}} Yawn
  9. {{Icon|C}} Dormancy
  10. {{Icon|C}} Hibernation (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|C}} Aestivation
  12. {{Icon|C}} Diapause
  13. {{Icon|B}} Carnivore (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|C}} Hematophagy
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Hypercarnivore
  16. {{Icon|C}} Insectivore
  17. {{Icon|GA}} Predation (Level 4)
  18. {{Icon|C}} Scavenger (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|B}} Herbivore (Level 4)
  20. {{Icon|B}} Grazing (Level 4)
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Browsing (herbivory)
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Omnivore
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Hypocarnivore
  24. {{Icon|Start}} Mesocarnivore
  25. {{Icon|C}} Imprinting (psychology)
  26. {{Icon|B}} Animal locomotion (Level 4)
  27. {{Icon|C}} Aquatic locomotion
  28. {{Icon|C}} Arboreal locomotion
  29. {{Icon|B}} Bipedalism (Level 4)
  30. {{Icon|C}} Facultative bipedalism
  31. {{Icon|C}} Quadrupedalism
  32. {{Icon|C}} Terrestrial locomotion
  33. {{Icon|Start}} Tripedalism
  34. {{Icon|Start}} Unipedalism
  35. {{Icon|B}} Flying and gliding animals
  36. {{Icon|GA}} Animal migration (Level 4)
  37. {{Icon|GA}} Bird migration
  38. {{Icon|C}} Animal sexual behaviour
  39. {{Icon|Start}} Copulation (zoology)
  40. {{Icon|Start}} Mating
  41. {{Icon|C}} Fight-or-flight response
  42. {{Icon|C}} Instinct (Level 4)
  43. {{Icon|C}} Sociality (Level 4)
  44. {{Icon|GA}} Eusociality
  45. {{Icon|B}} Swarm behaviour
  46. {{Icon|Stub}} Flock (birds)
  47. {{Icon|Start}} Herd

{{Div col end}}

=Botany =

{{Vital article count|4}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|GA}} Botany (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Carnivorous plant (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Weed (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Plant pathology

{{Div col end}}

=Cell biology =

{{Vital article count|83}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

=Basics =

{{Vital article count|6}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Cell biology (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|GA}} Antibiotic sensitivity testing
  3. {{Icon|C}} Staining
  4. {{Icon|C}} Gram stain
  5. {{Icon|C}} Endospore staining
  6. {{Icon|C}} Ziehl–Neelsen stain

=Cell processes =

{{Vital article count|28}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Cell death
  2. {{Icon|B}} Necrosis
  3. {{Icon|C}} Programmed cell death (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|B}} Apoptosis
  5. {{Icon|B}} Autophagy
  6. {{Icon|C}} Cell migration
  7. {{Icon|C}} Cell polarity
  8. {{Icon|B}} Cell signaling (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|C}} Cytokine
  10. {{Icon|B}} Ligand (biochemistry)
  11. {{Icon|B}} Receptor (biochemistry)
  12. {{Icon|B}} G protein-coupled receptor
  13. {{Icon|B}} Signal transduction
  14. {{Icon|C}} Biochemical cascade
  15. {{Icon|Start}} Second messenger system
  16. {{Icon|C}} Cellular differentiation
  17. {{Icon|Start}} Somatic cell
  18. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Stem cell (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|C}} Embryonic stem cell
  20. {{Icon|C}} Hematopoietic stem cell
  21. {{Icon|C}} Membrane transport
  22. {{Icon|C}} Passive transport
  23. {{Icon|Start}} Facilitated diffusion
  24. {{Icon|C}} Active transport (Level 4)
  25. {{Icon|Start}} ATPase
  26. {{Icon|C}} Endocytosis
  27. {{Icon|Start}} Exocytosis
  28. {{Icon|Start}} Protein targeting

=Cellular division =

{{Vital article count|6}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Cell division
  2. {{Icon|B}} Cell cycle (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|C}} Fission (biology) (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Meiosis (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Mitosis (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Plasmid (Level 4)

=Cell parts =

{{Vital article count|17}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Cell (biology) (Level 2)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Cell junction
  3. {{Icon|C}} Biological membrane
  4. {{Icon|C}} Cell membrane (Level 4)
  5. {{Icon|GA}} Lipid bilayer
  6. {{Icon|C}} Membrane potential
  7. {{Icon|C}} Membrane protein
  8. {{Icon|C}} Cilium
  9. {{Icon|C}} Cytoplasm (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|GA}} Cytosol
  11. {{Icon|C}} Cytoskeleton (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Microfilament
  13. {{Icon|B}} Actin
  14. {{Icon|C}} Myosin
  15. {{Icon|B}} Microtubule
  16. {{Icon|C}} Flagellum (Level 4)
  17. {{Icon|GA}} Symbiogenesis (Level 4)

=Organelles =

{{Vital article count|19}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Organelle (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|GA}} Endomembrane system
  3. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Cell nucleus (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|B}} Chromatin
  5. {{Icon|B}} Chromosome (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|C}} Nuclear envelope
  7. {{Icon|Start}} Nucleolus
  8. {{Icon|C}} Centriole (Level 4)
  9. {{Icon|C}} Centrosome
  10. {{Icon|B}} Endoplasmic reticulum (Level 4)
  11. {{Icon|B}} Golgi apparatus (Level 4)
  12. {{Icon|C}} Lysosome (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|GA}} Mitochondrion (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|B}} Mitochondrial DNA
  15. {{Icon|B}} Peroxisome
  16. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Proteasome
  17. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Ribosome (Level 4)
  18. {{Icon|C}} Vacuole (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|C}} Vesicle (biology and chemistry)

=Plant cells =

{{Vital article count|7}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Plant cell (Level 4)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Cell wall (Level 4)
  3. {{Icon|B}} Chloroplast (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Chloroplast DNA
  5. {{Icon|B}} Thylakoid
  6. {{Icon|B}} Plastid (Level 4)
  7. {{Icon|C}} Plasmodesma

{{Div col end}}

=Ecology =

{{Vital article count|65}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|GA}} Ecology (Level 2)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Autotroph
  3. {{Icon|C}} Biome (Level 4)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Biodiversity (Level 3)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Biodiversity loss
  6. {{Icon|Start}} Biogeography
  7. {{Icon|C}} Biogeographic realm
  8. {{Icon|C}} Bioindicator
  9. {{Icon|Start}} Biological dispersal
  10. {{Icon|C}} Seed dispersal
  11. {{Icon|C}} Biological interaction
  12. {{Icon|C}} Colony (biology)
  13. {{Icon|C}} Competition (biology) (Level 4)
  14. {{Icon|B}} Symbiosis (Level 4)
  15. {{Icon|C}} Commensalism
  16. {{Icon|C}} Mutualism (biology)
  17. {{Icon|GA}} Parasitism (Level 4)
  18. {{Icon|C}} Biological life cycle
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Biomagnification
  20. {{Icon|C}} Biosphere (Level 4)
  21. {{Icon|C}} Carrying capacity
  22. {{Icon|Start}} Community (ecology)
  23. {{Icon|B}} Conservation biology
  24. {{Icon|C}} Detritivore
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Decomposer
  26. {{Icon|Start}} Biodegradation
  27. {{Icon|B}} Disturbance (ecology)
  28. {{Icon|C}} Ecological niche (Level 4)
  29. {{Icon|B}} Niche construction
  30. {{Icon|C}} Ecological resilience
  31. {{Icon|Start}} Ecological succession
  32. {{Icon|B}} Ecosystem (Level 3)
  33. {{Icon|Start}} Ecosystem collapse
  34. {{Icon|Start}} Ecosystem model
  35. {{Icon|C}} Ecosystem service
  36. {{Icon|C}} Endangered species (Level 4)
  37. {{Icon|C}} Endemism
  38. {{Icon|Start}} Energy flow (ecology)
  39. {{Icon|C}} Extinction (Level 3)
  40. {{Icon|C}} Extremophile (Level 4)
  41. {{Icon|Start}} Food chain
  42. {{Icon|B}} Food web
  43. {{Icon|GA}} Habitat (Level 4)
  44. {{Icon|C}} Habitat destruction
  45. {{Icon|C}} Habitat fragmentation
  46. {{Icon|Start}} Heterotroph
  47. {{Icon|Start}} Insular biogeography
  48. {{Icon|GA}} Invasive species (Level 4)
  49. {{Icon|GA}} Keystone species
  50. {{Icon|B}} Landscape ecology
  51. {{Icon|C}} Land change science
  52. {{Icon|B}} Lotka–Volterra equations
  53. {{Icon|Start}} Maternity den
  54. {{Icon|Start}} Microbial ecology
  55. {{Icon|GA}} Microbiome
  56. {{Icon|C}} Population (Level 4)
  57. {{Icon|C}} Population growth
  58. {{Icon|B}} Primary production
  59. {{Icon|C}} r/K selection theory
  60. {{Icon|B}} Ecological restoration
  61. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Sustainability (Level 4)
  62. {{Icon|C}} Trophic cascade
  63. {{Icon|C}} Urban ecology
  64. {{Icon|B}} Wildlife conservation (Level 4)
  65. {{Icon|C}} Wildlife

{{Div col end}}

=Genetics =

{{Vital article count|43}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|FA}} Genetics (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|B}} Introduction to genetics
  3. {{Icon|GA}} {{Icon|FFA}} Gene (Level 3)
  4. {{Icon|C}} Heredity (Level 3)
  5. {{Icon|C}} Mendelian inheritance (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|B}} Allele
  7. {{Icon|C}} Dominance (genetics)
  8. {{Icon|Start}} Genotype
  9. {{Icon|C}} Penetrance
  10. {{Icon|C}} Phenotype
  11. {{Icon|C}} Zygosity
  12. {{Icon|C}} Ploidy
  13. {{Icon|C}} Sex-determination system
  14. {{Icon|Start}} Sex linkage
  15. {{Icon|B}} Genetic linkage
  16. {{Icon|Start}} Extranuclear inheritance
  17. {{Icon|B}} Mutation (Level 4)
  18. {{Icon|Start}} Chromosome abnormality
  19. {{Icon|Start}} Chromosomal translocation
  20. {{Icon|C}} Point mutation
  21. {{Icon|C}} Mutagen
  22. {{Icon|C}} Genetic recombination
  23. {{Icon|GA}} Homologous recombination
  24. {{Icon|C}} Horizontal gene transfer
  25. {{Icon|C}} Quantitative genetics
  26. {{Icon|C}} Heritability
  27. {{Icon|Start}} Reverse genetics
  28. {{Icon|C}} Molecular genetics
  29. {{Icon|C}} Genome
  30. {{Icon|B}} Genomics
  31. {{Icon|C}} {{Icon|DGA}} Human genome (Level 4)
  32. {{Icon|B}} DNA sequencing
  33. {{Icon|B}} Human Genome Project
  34. {{Icon|GA}} Metagenomics
  35. {{Icon|C}} Molecular evolution
  36. {{Icon|B}} Epigenetics (Level 4)
  37. {{Icon|B}} Epigenomics
  38. {{Icon|Start}} Epigenome
  39. {{Icon|GA}} Hybrid (biology) (Level 4)
  40. {{Icon|C}} Heterosis
  41. {{Icon|C}} Inbreeding
  42. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|DGA}} Eugenics
  43. {{Icon|Start}} Dysgenics

{{Div col end}}

=Evolutionary biology =

{{Vital article count|99}}

Basics

{{Vital article count|40}}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Evolutionary biology
  2. {{Icon|GA}} Evolutionary developmental biology
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Divergent evolution
  4. {{Icon|GA}} Convergent evolution
  5. {{Icon|Start}} Parallel evolution
  6. {{Icon|B}} Phylogenetic tree
  7. {{Icon|C}} Population genetics
  8. {{Icon|C}} Hardy–Weinberg principle
  9. {{Icon|GA}} {{Icon|FFAC}} Natural selection (Level 3)
  10. {{Icon|Start}} Gene flow
  11. {{Icon|C}} Genetic diversity
  12. {{Icon|GA}} Genetic drift (Level 4)
  13. {{Icon|Start}} Genetic admixture
  14. {{Icon|C}} Haplogroup
  15. {{Icon|C}} Founder effect
  16. {{Icon|C}} Population bottleneck
  17. {{Icon|C}} Sociobiology
  18. {{Icon|C}} Systematics
  19. {{Icon|GA}} Adaptation (Level 4)
  20. {{Icon|GA}} Coevolution
  21. {{Icon|B}} Fitness (biology)
  22. {{Icon|GA}} Homology (biology)
  23. {{Icon|GA}} Last universal common ancestor
  24. {{Icon|B}} Macroevolution
  25. {{Icon|C}} Microevolution
  26. {{Icon|C}} Reproductive isolation
  27. {{Icon|B}} Speciation
  28. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of bacteria
  29. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of birds
  30. {{Icon|Start}} Evolution of brachiopods
  31. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of fish
  32. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of fungi
  33. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of insects
  34. {{Icon|B}} Evolution of mammals
  35. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of molluscs
  36. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of reptiles
  37. {{Icon|Start}} Evolution of spiders
  38. {{Icon|C}} Evolution of tetrapods
  39. {{Icon|B}} Evolutionary history of plants
  40. {{Icon|C}} Viral evolution

{{Div col end}}

Human evolution

{{Vital article count|59}}

{{Col-begin}}

{{Col-break}}

=Human evolution: General=

{{Vital article count|3}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Human evolution (Level 3)
  2. {{Icon|C}} Hominini
  3. {{Icon|Start}} Missing link (human evolution)

=Australopithecines =

{{Vital article count|23}}

  1. {{Icon|C}} Australopithecine
  2. {{Icon|C}} Graecopithecus
  3. {{Icon|B}} Sahelanthropus
  4. {{Icon|B}} Orrorin
  5. {{Icon|C}} Australopithecus (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|B}} Australopithecus anamensis
  7. {{Icon|GA}} Australopithecus afarensis
  8. {{Icon|B}} Lucy (Australopithecus)
  9. {{Icon|GA}} Australopithecus africanus
  10. {{Icon|C}} Taung Child
  11. {{Icon|GA}} Australopithecus bahrelghazali
  12. {{Icon|GA}} Australopithecus deyiremeda
  13. {{Icon|GA}} Australopithecus garhi
  14. {{Icon|GA}} Australopithecus sediba
  15. {{Icon|B}} Ardipithecus
  16. {{Icon|C}} Ardipithecus kadabba
  17. {{Icon|GA}} Ardipithecus ramidus
  18. {{Icon|Start}} Ardi
  19. {{Icon|GA}} Kenyanthropus
  20. {{Icon|GA}} Paranthropus (Level 4)
  21. {{Icon|GA}} Paranthropus aethiopicus
  22. {{Icon|GA}} Paranthropus boisei
  23. {{Icon|GA}} Paranthropus robustus

{{Col-break}}

=Homo =

{{Vital article count|33}}

  1. {{Icon|B}} Homo
  2. {{Icon|GA}} Homo ergaster
  3. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Homo floresiensis
  4. {{Icon|C}} Homo gautengensis
  5. {{Icon|GA}} Homo habilis (Level 4)
  6. {{Icon|GA}} Homo luzonensis
  7. {{Icon|GA}} Homo rudolfensis
  8. {{Icon|C}} Penghu 1
  9. {{Icon|GA}} Homo erectus (Level 4)
  10. {{Icon|GA}} Dmanisi hominins
  11. {{Icon|GA}} Java Man
  12. {{Icon|GA}} Lantian Man
  13. {{Icon|C}} Nanjing Man
  14. {{Icon|GA}} Peking Man
  15. {{Icon|FA}} Solo Man
  16. {{Icon|GA}} Tautavel Man
  17. {{Icon|GA}} Yuanmou Man
  18. {{Icon|GA}} Denisovan (Level 4)
  19. {{Icon|FA}} Homo antecessor
  20. {{Icon|GA}} Homo longi
  21. {{Icon|Start}} Ceprano Man
  22. {{Icon|GA}} Homo heidelbergensis
  23. {{Icon|GA}} Homo naledi
  24. {{Icon|GA}} Neanderthal (Level 4)
  25. {{Icon|Start}} Homo rhodesiensis
  26. {{Icon|B}} Early modern human
  27. {{Icon|GA}} Cro-Magnon (Level 4)
  28. {{Icon|GA}} Herto Man
  29. {{Icon|C}} Manot 1
  30. {{Icon|Start}} Red Deer Cave people
  31. {{Icon|B}} {{Icon|FFA}} Mitochondrial Eve
  32. {{Icon|C}} Y-chromosomal Adam
  33. {{Icon|B}} Interbreeding between archaic and modern humans

{{Col-end}}

{{Core topics}}

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Vital articles

Category:Wikipedia vital articles