Wilhelm Lossen

{{Short description|German chemist (1838–1906)}}

File:Wilhelm Lossen.jpg

Wilhelm Clemens Lossen (8 May 1838 in Kreuznach – 29 October 1906 in Aachen) was a German chemist. He was the brother of geologist Karl August Lossen.{{cite journal|doi=10.1691/ph.2009.9113 | title= History of methyl phosphoric esters: Hall, Weger, and Lossen| last= Petroianu | first= G.A.| journal = Die Pharmazie | volume = 64| issue= 12 | year= 2009| pages= 840–845| pmid= 20095145}}

From 1857 he studied chemistry at the University of Giessen, then continued his education at Göttingen as a pupil of Friedrich Wöhler. After graduation, he worked as an assistant to Karl Weltzien at the polytechnic in Karlsruhe and as an assistant under Wilhelm Heinrich Heintz at the University of Halle. In 1870 he became an associate professor at Heidelberg, then in 1877 accepted a position as professor of chemistry at the University of Königsberg.[http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd117221260.html Lossen, Wilhelm] In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 15, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1987, {{ISBN|3-428-00196-6}}, S. 202[http://www.zeno.org/Meyers-1905/A/Lossen+%5B2%5D Lossen 2] Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

He is largely known for his work with hydroxylamines; their preparations, properties and derivatives. The eponymous Lossen rearrangement, refers to the decomposition of hydroxamic acids or their derivatives to yield isocyanates.{{cite book|author=Alexander R. Surrey|title=Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JSESBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA160|date=22 October 2013|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4832-5868-3|pages=160–}}{{cite book|author=Sanjeev Jena|title=ORGANIC REACTIONS AND MECHANISM THROUGH SOLVED PROBLEMS|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8RrhBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA102|date=29 October 2014|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-312-62476-4|pages=102–}}

While a student at Göttingen, he conducted research of cocaine with Albert Niemann. After the untimely death of Niemann in 1861, he continued research of the drug and was able to determine its proper chemical formula. The two scientists also performed studies on the effect of cocaine on mucous membranes.{{cite journal | pmid = 17687926 | title = The history of cocaine in medicine and its importance to the discovery of the different forms of anaesthesia | journal = Klinka Oczna | year= 2007| volume =109 | issue =1–3 | pages= 101–105| last1 = Grzybowski | first1 = A. }}