William Aitken (architect)
{{Short description|Scottish-American architect (1889–1961)}}
{{good article}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Not to be confused with|text=architect William M. Aiken}}{{Infobox person
| name = William Aitken
| birth_date = {{birth date|1889|09|09}}
| birth_place = Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1961|07|22|1889|09|09}}
| death_place = Seattle, Washington, United States
| education = Glasgow Technical College
| spouse = {{plainlist|*Mary R. Walker ({{abbr|m.|married}} around 1910–1935)}}{{Marriage|Mary Stauber|1945}}
}}
William Aitken (September 9, 1889 – July 22, 1961) was a Scottish-American architect. Born in Glasgow, he attended school in Scotland before emigrating to Vancouver, Canada, before 1911. He crossed into the United States around 1915 and became a dock engineer for the Pacific Coast Company in Seattle. In 1919, he received his architecture license and began private practice, designing various buildings across western Washington from the 1920s to the early 1960s. Among his major works are Sick's Stadium, the host stadium of the Seattle Rainiers, and Yesler Terrace, Seattle's first public housing development, which was designed in collaboration with various other architects. Aitken retired in 1960 but continued working on some smaller projects, including the Captain's Table Restaurant for restaurateur Ivar Haglund. Some forty-five years after first immigrating to the United States, he received his American citizenship in 1961, shortly before his death of cancer in July of that year.
Biography
On September 9, 1889, William Aitken was born in Glasgow, Scotland, to Margaret Faulds Stewart and William Robertson Aitken, a builder. As a child, he lived with his parents in the Shawlands suburb of Glasgow. He later lived in Eastwood with his family and several servants and attended Glasgow Technical College. By 1911, Aitken had become a citizen of Canada and settled in Vancouver, British Columbia. In 1914 or 1915, he migrated to the United States with his wife and daughter.{{sfn|PCAD}}{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}}
During World War I, Aitken worked as an engineer in Seattle for the Pacific Coast Company, designing wharves and docks.{{sfn|PCAD}} He received his architecture license in 1919 and began private practice, designing buildings across western Washington state. In 1922, he designed the Salem Lutheran Church in Mount Vernon and the Anna Wagner apartment building in Seattle. Other early works include the Phoenix Masonic Lodge in Sumner (1924), the Lincoln Theater in Mount Vernon (1926), and the J. M. Colman Company warehouse in Seattle (1930).{{sfn|PCAD}}{{Sfn|Houser|2012}}
File:Sick's Stadium, 1967.gif, the home stadium of the Seattle Rainiers.]]
In the early 1930s, he partnered with Alfred F. Moberg and began a series of designs in Port Angeles, Washington. These include a design for a city hall complex in 1930–1931, of which only a single building, a fire station, was ultimately constructed. He returned to Seattle in the late 1930s, where he designed Sick's Stadium, which hosted the city's minor league baseball team, the Seattle Rainiers. From 1939 to 1942, he partnered with George Wellington Stoddard, J. Lister Holmes, William J. Bain, and John T. Jacobsen to design Yesler Terrace, the first racially integrated public housing development in the United States.{{Sfn|PCAD 2|}} In 1952–1954, he designed Lakeview Elementary School on Mercer Island, Washington, in collaboration with Fred Bassetti and John M. Moorse.{{sfn|PCAD}}{{Sfn|Houser|2012}}{{Sfn|Houser|}}
After designing the Norman S. Wright Company Building in 1959–1960, Aitken retired. However, he continued to design a number of smaller projects during his short retirement, including Ivar Haglund's Captain's Table Restaurant and the Pacific Coast Coal & Oil Company Building, both in Seattle.{{Sfn|PCAD|}}{{Sfn|Houser|2012}}
= Personal life =
Aitken married Mary R. Walker at some point prior to his migration to the United States, and with her had two children, Ethel and William. They divorced in 1935, and Aitken married fashion designer Mary Stauber in Seattle on July 26, 1943. That same year, he moved to Mercer Island. Although he initially filed for American citizenship in 1915, this was not ultimately pursued; he again applied for citizenship around 1960, receiving it on March 6, 1961, shortly before his death from cancer in Seattle on July 22, 1961.{{Sfn|PCAD|}}{{Sfn|Houser|2012}}
Works
| class="wikitable"
|+Designs by William Aitken !Name !Location !Date !Ref. |
| Anna Wagner Apartment Building
|1922 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Salem Lutheran Church
|1922 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Phoenix Masonic Lodge
|1924 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Quinault Apartments
|1925 |{{Sfn|Houser|2012}} |
| Lincoln Theater
|1925–1926 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Harvard Crest Apartments
|1926–1927 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| J. M. Colman Company Warehouse
|1930, 1940 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Sandison Bakery Building
|1930s |{{Sfn|Houser|2012}} |
| M & S Realty Building
|1930s |{{Sfn|Houser|2012}} |
| Port Angeles Fire Hall
|1930–1931 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| R. C. Northfield Store
|1935 |{{Sfn|Houser|2012}} |
| Sick's Stadium
|1937–1938 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Northfield Building
|1939 |{{Sfn|Houser|2012}} |
| Yesler Terrace
|1939–1942 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Lakeview Elementary School
|1952–1954 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Norman S. Wright Co. Building
|1959–1960 |{{Sfn|Ochsner|2014|p=416}} |
| Pacific Coast Coal & Oil Co. Building
|1960 |{{Sfn|Houser|2012}} |
| Captain's Table Restaurant
|1960 |{{Sfn|PCAD |
|}
References
=Bibliography=
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite web|first=Michael C.|last=Houser|date=2012|title=William Aitken|url=https://dahp.wa.gov/historic-preservation/research-and-technical-preservation-guidance/architect-biographies/bio-for-william-aitken|publisher=Washington State Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation|access-date=August 17, 2024}}
- {{cite web|first=Michael C.|last=Houser|title=Bassetti, Fred F.|website=Docomomo Western Washington|publisher=Docomomo|url=https://www.docomomo-wewa.org/architect/bassetti-fred-f/|access-date=August 17, 2024}}
- {{cite web|first=Alan|last=Michelson|title=William Aitken|website=Pacific Coast Architecture Database|publisher=University of Washington|url=https://pcad.lib.washington.edu/person/2679/|access-date=August 16, 2024|ref={{harvid|PCAD}}}}
- {{cite web|first=Alan|last=Michelson|title=Seattle Housing Authority (SHA), Yesler Terrace Public Housing Project|website=Pacific Coast Architecture Database|publisher=University of Washington|url=https://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/5319/|access-date=August 16, 2024|ref={{harvid|PCAD 2}}}}
- {{cite book|editor-first=Jeffery Karl|editor-last=Ochsner|date=2014|title=Shaping Seattle Architecture: A Historical Guide to the Architects|edition=2nd|isbn=9780295806891|jstor=j.ctvcwnd1m|publisher=University of Washington Press|location=Seattle}}
{{refend}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aitken, William}}
Category:American people of Scottish descent
Category:Architects from Glasgow