William Binnie (architect)
{{Short description|Scottish architect}}
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{{Use British English|date=February 2017}}
File:Arsenal Stadium Highbury east facade.jpg
William Bryce Binnie FRIBA (1 July 1886 – 1963) was a Scottish architect. He trained in Scotland but practiced initially in New York and then London. During the First World War he served with the Black Watch and was decorated for bravery. Afterwards he worked for the Imperial War Graves Commission until 1927, when he returned to private practice in London.
Biography
Binne was born at Kingscavil, by Linlithgow. From 1904 he was articled to architect Robert Bryden in Glasgow, moving to John James Burnet's office after Bryden's death in 1906. Between 1908 and 1910
Binnie studied at the Glasgow School of Art, where he was awarded a gold medal and a travel scholarship, which he used to spend a year Italy.
In 1910 he moved to New York City to work at Warren & Wetmore, where amongst other buildings, he worked on some of the detailings of the interior of Grand Central Station. In 1913 he returned to Britain to work as a draughtsman under London architect Leonard Martin.{{cite web |url=http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/architect_full.php?id=204889 |title=William Bryce Binnie |work=Dictionary of Scottish Architects |accessdate=13 March 2014}}
Binnie served in the Army during World War I, eventually attaining the rank of major in the Black Watch (Royal Highlanders).{{cite web |url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/details/C1080421?descriptiontype=Full&ref=WO+339/26511 |title=Major William Bryce BINNIE The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders) |publisher=The National Archives |accessdate=13 March 2014}} His actions gained him the Military Cross "for conspicuous gallantry" in 1916 when he took command of a company which had lost its officers. His citation notes that "Though buried by a shell early in the morning, he never ceased his fine work".{{London Gazette |issue=29793 |date=20 October 1916 |page=10176 |supp=y}} In 1917 he was awarded a Bar to his decoration,{{London Gazette |issue=13155 |date=22 October 1917 |page=2188 |city=e}} and a second Bar in 1918 when he again took the place of an officer who had been killed.{{London Gazette |issue=13220 |date=11 March 1918 |page=913 |city=e}}
At the close of the war he took up a position as assistant architect at the Imperial War Graves Commission (now Commonwealth War Graves Commission), and was promoted to deputy director in 1920. He spent much of the post-war years in France and Belgium designing memorials, including the one at Nieuwpoort in West Flanders.{{cite web | url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/142014/Nieuport%20Memorial | title=NIEUPORT MEMORIAL |publisher=Commonwealth War Graves Commission| accessdate=13 March 2014 }} He was admitted to the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) in 1919 as an Associate, and became a Fellow in 1925. His nominators for fellowship were Sir Herbert Baker, Sir Reginald Blomfield, and Sir Edwin Lutyens, all of whom had been prominent in the work of the War Graves Commission.
File:Malta October 2011.jpg, Floriana, Malta]]
In 1927 he returned to London to set up a practice with fellow Scot Claude Ferrier, who was already established in Westminster. The association lasted until Ferrier's accidental death in 1935, after which Binnie continued the practice alone. His work in this later period, in an Art Deco style, included the design of 81 New Bond Street and an extension to the National Temperance Hospital (now part of University College Hospital). The East Stand of Arsenal Stadium, Highbury, (1936) was designed by Ferrier and Binnie and is now a Grade II listed building.{{cite web | url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070620185836/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf | archivedate=20 June 2007 | title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London | publisher=Islington Council | accessdate=13 March 2014 | page=4-4}} He also undertook commissions in Malta, including the Hotel Phoenicia at Floriana (1939) and The Farsons Brewery (1950), designed with Lewis V. Farrugia.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}}
References
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External links
- [http://www.londondecoflats.co.uk/LondonDecoFlats/William_Bryce_Binnie.html William Bryce Binnie], London Art Deco flats
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Category:20th-century Scottish architects
Category:Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects
Category:Alumni of the Glasgow School of Art
Category:Recipients of the Military Cross
Category:Commonwealth War Graves Commission
Category:Associates of the Royal Institute of British Architects