William E. Somerville
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{{Infobox person
|name = William E. Somerville
|image =
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|birth_name =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1869|4|12|df=yes}}
|birth_place = Harthill, Lanarkshire, Scotland
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1950|9|25|1869|4|12|df=yes}}
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|resting_place = Mount Olivet Cemetery, Wilmington, Illinois
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|nationality = American
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|education = Glasgow Technical College
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|party = Republican
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|spouse = Bertha Piagno
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|children = Constance, Lillian and Peter
|parents = William and Christina (Edgington) Somerville
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}}
William E. Somerville (12 April 1869 – 25 September 1950) was a Scottish-American aircraft engineer.
Early life
William E. Sommervile's father was a mechanical engineer in Scotland. Sommerville studied as a marine engineer in Scotland. Somerville immigrated to America in 1892 and worked as an electrical engineer for General Electric in Coal City, Illinois, later working for McComber Wire Rope Company. In 1907 he became mayor of Coal City, keeping the title until 1913. About the same time, he met and flew gliders designed by Octave Chanute in nearby Gary, Indiana.{{cite web|title=William E. Somerville|url=http://www.ilavhalloffame.org/Newsletters/5Newsletter.pdf|accessdate=11 August 2011}} In 1910, Somerville started the Illinois Aero Construction Company with $250,000 in capitalization.{{cite book|title=History of Grundy County, Illinois, Chicago|publisher=Munsell Publishing Co. Publishers|year=1914}} Somerville designed a $40,000 seven-passenger aircraft believed to be one of the earliest with a forward facing engine. Somerville patented up-curled wing ends (winglets) which were the first practical application of the device in an aircraft.{{cite web|url=http://www.ilavhalloffame.org/members_10.htm |title=William E. "Billie" Somerville 1869–1950 |publisher=Ilavhalloffame.org |accessdate=13 November 2010}} In 1911 Somerville leased 160 acres to build an airport and construct gliders. Somerville was sued by the Wright brothers for patent infringements, but the case was dropped.
File:I arrived safe in Quebec, Que. - 1911.jpg, 1911}}]]
In 1912 Somerville hired pilot George Mestach to fly mail using his aircraft between New Orleans and Baton Rouge. Mestach was involved in a mid-air crash with a Wright biplane in Chicago later in the year that killed pilot Howard Gill but left Mestach uninjured. Mestach was flying a Borel-Morane biplane, which was used as the basis for Somerville's first monoplane, which featured wing leveling stabilizers.{{cite news|newspaper=Fly-Low|date=July 2010}} Sommerville changed interests, eventually becoming a captain in the Home Guard during World War I.
File:Emile Taddéoli monoplane.jpg
On 13 December 1924 a fire destroyed all of Sommerville's buildings and aircraft. Somerville hired Earl Daugherty to fly a Morane-Borel monoplane in a Barnstorming act across the Midwest. The biplane is now owned by the Canada Aviation and Space Museum. Somerville started the Somerville Engineering Company on the land once used as an airfield. He also founded the Wood-Web Porch Shade Company based on shades he saw in Germany{{cite web|title=Coal City Public Library District|url=http://www.ccpld.org/coalmining/coalcity/coalcity_Somerville.html|accessdate=11 August 2011}}
Somerville was also an accomplished musician, being featured as a solo clarinet with John Philip Sousa. He died at age 81 in 1950.
In 2010 Somerville was inducted into the Illinois Aviation Hall of Fame.{{cite web|title=Illinois Aviation Hall of Fame|url=http://www.ilavhalloffame.org/members_10.htm#SOMERVILLE|accessdate=12 August 2011}}
References
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Category:American aerospace engineers
Category:Scottish emigrants to the United States