William Hallowes Miller
{{short description|Welsh mineralogist and crystallographer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = William Hallowes Miller
| image = William Hallowes Miller.png
| image_size = 150px
| caption = William Hallowes Miller
| birth_date = 6 April 1801
| birth_place = Llandovery, Carmarthenshire
| death_date = {{death-date and age|20 May 1880|6 April 1801}}
| death_place = Cambridge, Cambridgeshire
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality = British
| ethnicity =
| field = Mineralogy
Crystallography
| work_institutions =
| alma_mater = St John's College, Cambridge
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = Miller indices
Millerite
| influences =
| influenced =
| prizes = Royal Medal {{small|(1870)}}
| religion =
| footnotes =
| signature =
}}
Prof William Hallowes Miller FRS HFRSE LLD DCL (6 April 1801{{snd}}20 May 1880) was a Welsh mineralogist and laid the foundations of modern crystallography.Encyclopaedia of Wales; University of Wales Press; 2008; page 627.
Miller indices are named after him, the method having been described in his Treatise on Crystallography (1839).Oxford English Dictionary Online, May 2007 The mineral known as millerite is named after him.
Life and work
Miller was born in 1801 at Velindre near Llandovery, Carmarthenshire, South Wales.{{cite journal | title = Obituary Notice - William Hallowes Miller | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society of London | year = 1880–1881 | volume = 31 | pages = ii – vii | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vt2FOl_eH5MC&dq=William+Hallowes+Miller&pg=RA1-PA522}} He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1826 as fifth wrangler.{{acad|id=MLR820WH|name=Miller, William Hallowes}} He became a Fellow there in 1829. For a few years Miller was occupied as a college tutor and during this time he published treatises on hydrostatics and hydrodynamics.{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Miller, William Hallowes|volume=18|page=465}}
Miller also gave special attention to crystallography, and at 31 years old, on the resignation of William Whewell he succeeded in 1832 to the professorship of mineralogy, a post he held until 1870. Miller's chief work, on Crystallography, was published in 1839. He was elected to the Royal Society in 1838 and received the Royal Medal in 1870, and in the same year was appointed on the International Commission du Metre. He was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1874.
Miller was the main thrust in reforming the Parliamentary standards of length and weight, after a fire which in 1834 destroyed the old standards. He was a member of the committee as well as on the Royal Commission which oversaw these new standards.See Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 1856
Miller died in 1880 in Cambridge, England.
Family
In 1844 he married Harriet Susan Minty.
Selected writings
- William Hallowes Miller (1831) [https://books.google.com/books?id=Z1DoueyYuGsC&dq=William+Hallowes+Miller&pg=PA1 The Elements of Hydrostatics and Hydrodynamics]
- William Hallowes Miller (1833) [https://books.google.com/books?id=FR9fBb6h2ZoC&dq=William+Hallowes+Miller&pg=RA1-PA1 An Elementary Treatise on the Differential Calculus]
- William Hallowes Miller (1839) [https://books.google.com/books?id=MDcAAAAAQAAJ&dq=William+Hallowes+Miller&pg=PA1 A Treatise on Crystallography]
- William Phillips, William Hallowes Miller, & Henry James Brooke (1852) [https://books.google.com/books?id=mxsIAAAAIAAJ&dq=William+Hallowes+Miller&pg=PA1 An Elementary Introduction to Mineralogy]
- William Hallowes Miller (1863) [https://books.google.com/books?id=xTgDAAAAQAAJ&dq=William+Hallowes+Miller&pg=PA1 A Tract on Crystallography]
In 1852 Miller edited a new edition of H. J. Brooke's Elementary Introduction to Mineralogy.
References
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Category:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Category:People from Carmarthenshire
Category:British crystallographers
Category:Fellows of the Royal Society
Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Category:Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge