William Henry Crocker

Crocker was born on January 19, 1861, in Sacramento, California.{{cite news|title=W. H. Crocker Dies, Banker On Coast |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1937/09/26/96749228.html|access-date=13 June 2018|newspaper=New York Times|date=26 September 1937}} His father, Charles Crocker (1822-1888), one of the "Big Four" railroad magnates, was the builder of the Central Pacific Railroad.{{Cite web|title=Charles Crocker|url=https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=gfsb}}

His uncle, Edwin B. Crocker, a wealthy California lawyer and later California Supreme Court justice, and his wife, Margaret Crocker (née Norton) founded the oldest still operating museum of the Western United States in Sacramento, the Crocker Art Museum.

His nephew, Harry Crocker, was a movie star in the 1920s and, at one time, the personal assistant of Charlie Chaplin.

His cousin, Aimee Crocker, was a Bohemian mystic who garnered publicity for her extravagant parties in New York, San Francisco and Paris, for her five husbands and many lovers, for her tattoos, and for living 10 years in the Far East, not as a tourist, but as if a native.{{Cite web |title=Who Is Aimée Isabella Crocker? |url=https://aimeecrocker.com/who-is-aimee-isabella-crocker/ |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Aimée Crocker |language=en-US}}

His cousin, Henry J. Crocker, was a prominent San Franciscan businessman and one of the Committee of Fifty, who got into a well documented public feud with William, eventually leading to a court ruling against him in his claim of having been defrauded by his own cousin.{{Cite web |title=Press Democrat 22 May 1902 — California Digital Newspaper Collection : HAS A FALLING OUT, Suit Brought by H. Crocker Against His Cousin - Claims That William H Crocker Conspired Against Him With Intent to Defraud |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SRPD19020522.2.13&srpos=3&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-william+crocker------- |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=cdnc.ucr.edu}}

William attended Phillips Academy, Andover and Yale University, where he was a brother of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity (Phi chapter).

File:William H Crocker Mansion.jpg mansion (1888), formerly at 1150 California Street, now the site of the Choir of Grace Cathedral]]

Crocker was president of Crocker National Bank. When much of the city of San Francisco was destroyed by the fire from the 1906 earthquake, Crocker and his bank were major forces in financing reconstruction.

Crocker also was a director of the Sperry Flour Co., the company of his wife's family owning a chain of flour mills across the US, a truly global conglomerate, with branches as far away as Hong-Kong and Norway.{{Cite web |date=2022-12-31 |title=Sperry Mills – American Indian – California – Decorated Flour Sacks from WW I |url=https://meelzak.annelienvankempen.nl/blog/sperry-mills-american-indian-california/ |access-date=2024-01-21 |language=nl, en}}^,{{Cite web |date=2023-07-09 |title=Then & Now Gallery: Sperry Flour Mill - July 9, 2023 {{!}} The Spokesman-Review |url=https://www.spokesman.com/then-and-now/2023/jul/09/then-and-now-sperry-flour-mill/ |access-date=2024-01-21 |website=Spokesman.com |language=en}}^,{{Cite web |title=The Sperry Flour Company in Hong Kong – The Industrial History of Hong Kong Group |url=https://industrialhistoryhk.org/sperry-flour-company-hong-kong/ |access-date=2024-01-21 |website=industrialhistoryhk.org}}^,{{Cite web |last=Merlo |first=Phillip |date=2020-04-17 |title=Stockton's China Trade and Sperry's Global Empire {{!}} Soundings Magazine |url=https://soundingsmag.net/2020/04/17/stocktons-china-trade-and-sperrys-global-empire/ |access-date=2024-01-21 |language=en-US}}

File:Isaiah West Taber (1830-1912) Charles Crocker's Residence, San Franciscoca. 1880 SFMOMA.jpg-Italian Villa style mansion (1877), formerly at the N.W. corner of California & Taylor, San Francisco, now the site of Grace Cathedral. ]]

After the 1906 earthquake and fire had left both the adjacent mansions of W.H. Crocker and his father in ruins, in 1907 he donated the Crocker family's {{convert|2.6|acre|m2|adj=on}} Nob Hill block for Grace Cathedral.{{cite web|url=http://www.gracecathedral.org/church/index.php?fn=cry_20070207.shtml |title=Plan Your Visit |publisher=Grace Cathedral |date=2014-06-20 |access-date=2017-01-07}}^,{{Cite web |title=Crocker Mansions Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=63582 |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=www.hmdb.org |language=en}}

He was a member of the University of California Board of Regents for nearly thirty years and funded the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory's million-volt x-ray tube at the UC hospital and the "medical" Crocker cyclotron used for neutron therapy at Berkeley.J. L. Heilbron and Robert W. Seidel, Lawrence and His Laboratory (Berkeley: University of California, 1989) In 1936, Crocker contributed $75,000 toward the building of a laboratory for Ernest O. Lawrence at the University of California, Berkeley, which was subsequently named "Crocker Radiation Laboratory" in his honor.{{cite book|title=Lawrence and His Laboratory: A History of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Volume I, p.207-211|isbn = 9780520064263|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtMoJ63k6SUC&dq=crocker+radiation+laboratory+berkeley&pg=PA207|access-date=2 November 2017|last1 = Heilbron|first1 = J. L.|last2 = Seidel|first2 = Robert W.|date = January 1989| publisher=University of California Press }} This laboratory became home to the Berkeley 60" cyclotron. In the 1960s, parts of this cyclotron were moved to the University of California, Davis, where they were the basis for the Crocker Nuclear Laboratory,{{cite web|url=http://crocker.ucdavis.edu|title=Crocker Nuclear Laboratory :: Home|website=Crocker.UCDavis.edu|access-date=December 18, 2017}} which inherited its name from the original.{{cite news|title=A Cyclotron's Story|website=The New York Times|date=12 May 1987|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/12/science/a-cyclotron-s-story.html|access-date=2 November 2017}}{{cite web|title=Building the Cyclotron|url=http://cyclotron.crocker.ucdavis.edu/building-cyclotron/|access-date=2 November 2017}}

Crocker also chaired the Panama-Pacific Exposition Committee and SE Community Chest, and was a key member of the committee that built the San Francisco Opera House and Veterans Building. Crocker was the founder of Crocker Middle School located in Hillsborough, California. The Sacramento, California, home of Crocker's uncle, Edwin B. Crocker, was converted into the Crocker Art Museum, which was the first art museum to open in the West. {{Citation needed|date=March 2008}}

File:Postcard_showing_the_Crocker_Mansion_destruction_in_1906_in_San_Francisco_fire.jpg

During his lifetime William H. Crocker and his wife Ethel amassed a considerable collection of works of art.{{Cite web |title=Archives Directory for the History of Collecting : Crocker, William H. (William Henry) |url=https://research.frick.org/directory/detail/3018 |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=research.frick.org |language=en}}^,{{Cite web |title=Archives Directory for the History of Collecting : Crocker, Ethel Speny |url=https://research.frick.org/directory/detail/3013 |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=research.frick.org |language=en}}

One of the impressionist works they had acquired in 1894 was a painting by Claude Monet from his famous Haystacks series, "Meule, soir d'hiver", from 1899-1890 (W1217a) which was lost to eternity during the Great Fire following the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco, as was most of the rest of their collection.{{Cite book |last=Daniel Wildenstein |url=http://archive.org/details/c.rclaudemonetvolumeiiiwildensteininstitute |title=Monet: Catalogue raisonné - Werkverzeichnis, Volume III: Nos. 969–1595 |publisher=Wildenstein Institute & Taschen |year=1996 |isbn=3-8228-8759-5 |pages=463}}

Surviving items of Ethel's Egyptian and Byzantine textile collection were on loan to the San Francisco Museum of Art until 1953, when the collection was shipped to Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C.{{Cite web |last=lainw |title=Tunic Fragments |url=https://www.doaks.org/resources/textiles/catalogue/BZ.1953.2.1 |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Dumbarton Oaks |language=en}}^,{{Cite web |last=lainw |title=Catalogue search : Crocker |url=https://www.doaks.org/resources/textiles/catalogue |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Dumbarton Oaks |language=en}}

File:1869 24c United States stamps with inverted centre.jpg

As his cousin, Henry J. Crocker, William H. Crocker was a noted philatelist and the owner of the unique block of four of the 1869 24c United States stamps with inverted centre formerly the property of William Thorne.Williams, L.N. & M. (1949) Stamps of Fame. London: Blandford Press. p. 210.[https://siegelauctions.com/2018/1188/89.pdf United States Stamp Treasures: The William H. Gross Collection.] Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, New York, 2018. pp. 196-201. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190220003127/https://siegelauctions.com/2018/1188/89.pdf Archived here.]

The stamp collection survived because it was on tour abroad at the time.

Crocker was married to Ethel Sperry (1861–1934),{{Cite web |title=Crocker, Ethel |url=https://historysmc.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?keyword=Crocker%2C+Ethel |access-date=2024-01-21 |website=The San Mateo County Historical Association - Online Collections Database}} who become treasurer of the Woman’s Belgian Relief Fund in San Francisco and State Chair for The Woman’s Section of the Commission for Relief in Belgium (CRB), while William chaired the men's committee of the Belgian Relief Fund in San Francisco, who were to send the first 'State Ship', the SS Camino, with food aid, on 5 December 1914, over to the port of Rotterdam, the Netherlands, which remained neutral during WWI. She was also the leading patron of French Impressionist art in California at that time.[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-12-22-ca-20526-story.html Cariaga, Daniel, "Not Taking It with You: A Tale of Two Estates", Los Angeles Times], December 22, 1985, accessed April 2012.

File:"New Place," William Henry Crocker house, 80 New Place Road, Hillsborough, California. LOC 6950353318.jpg, California - hand-tinted slides by Frances Benjamin Johnston, digitized and added to the Library of Congress's online database.{{Cite web |title=Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection: Lantern Slides for Garden & Historic House Lectures (Prints and Photographs Reading Room, Library of Congress) |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/coll/fbjlanterns.html |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=www.loc.gov}} ]]

After the 1906 earthquake destroyed their San Francisco home, William relocated the family to a new home in Hillsborough (CA) in 1910.{{Cite web |title=Waterhouse (Clark B.) Photograph Collection : search William H. Crocker |url=https://calisphere.org/collections/24188/?rq=william+h+crocker |access-date=2024-01-21 |website=Calisphere |language=en}}^,{{Cite web |title=Online Archive of California - Clark B. Waterhouse Photograph Collection - search : William H. Crocker |url=https://oac.cdlib.org/search?query=crocker&x=18&y=8&group=Items&style=oac4&relation=ark:/13030/kt809nd1td |access-date=2024-01-21 |website=oac.cdlib.org}} The grand estate was aptly named "New Place", now part of the Burlingame Country Club clubhouse.{{Cite web |last=Dowd |first=Katie |date=April 5, 2017 |title=Rare color slides show the Bay Area's grandest homes at the turn of the century |url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Rare-color-slides-show-Bay-Area-grandest-mansions-11047505.php |website=www.sfgate.com}}^, The buildings were designed by Lewis P. Hobart, the lavish gardens by Bruce Potter. Some of the fragile original lantern slides on glass of the property by Frances Benjamin Johnston, an artist of the era, have survived to this day.

Together, William and Ethel were the parents of four children:

• Ethel Mary Crocker (1891–1964), who married French (former) Count André de Limur in 1918, who gave William and Ethel their first grand-daughter.{{Cite news |date=1964-07-01 |title=MRS. ANDRE DE LIMUR, WIFE OF AN EX-COUNT |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/01/archives/mrs-andre-de-limur-wife-of-an-excount.html |access-date=2024-01-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite web |title=San Francisco Call 16 September 1920 — California Digital Newspaper Collection : William H. Crocker Hailed As Grand Dad |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SFC19200916.2.69&srpos=12&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-william+crocker------- |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=cdnc.ucr.edu}}
• William Willard Crocker (1893–1964), who married Ruth Hobart, daughter of playboy Walter Hobart and granddaughter of the Comstock silver millionaire Walter S. Hobart, in 1923. They divorced in 1948 and he married Gertrude ({{nee}} Hopkins) Parrott, former wife of William G. Parrott. After her death in 1958, he married Elizabeth ({{nee}} Fullerton) Coleman, former wife of George L. Coleman, in 1960. After his death, she married Alexander Montagu, 10th Duke of Manchester.
• Helen Crocker (1897–1966), who married Henry Potter Russell, a son of Charles Howland Russell who was previously married to Ethel Borden Harriman.
• Charles Crocker (1904–1961), who married Virginia Bennett in 1926. They divorced and he married Marguerite Brokaw, a daughter of Howard Crosby Brokaw, in 1938. After his death, she married Charles Norton Adams.

William Crocker died on September 25, 1937, at his home in Hillsborough, California.

The public middle school in Hillsborough, California, is named after him, Crocker Middle School.

{{Reflist}}

• Catalogue of the William H. Crocker collection of postage stamps (1938), Harmer, Rooke and Company, Ltd, London

{{Commons category}}

• [https://oac.cdlib.org/search?style=oac4;Institution=California%20State%20Library::California%20History%20Room;idT=001589541 Charles Henry Crocker letters, 1896-1900. Collection guide, California State Library, California History Room.]
• [http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/crocker.html The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Crocker to Crocket] at politicalgraveyard.com
• [http://www.cypresslawn.com/graphics/notables/crocker_port.jpg Cypress Lawn image]
• [https://meelzak.annelienvankempen.nl/blog/sperry-mills-american-indian-california/ Sperry Mills – American Indian – California – Decorated Flour Sacks from WW I] (annelienvankempen.nl)
• [https://hillsboroughblog.com/History Hillsborough, CA History, Historic Architecture - Hillsborough Blog]

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