William Keswick

{{Infobox person

|name = William Keswick

|image = William Keswick.jpg

|birth_date = {{birth date|1834|4|15|df=y}}

|death_date = {{death date and age|1912|3|9|1834|4|15|df=y}}

|spouse = {{plainlist|

Amelie Sophie Dubeux
Alice Henrietta Barrington

}}

|children = 7, including Henry Keswick

}}

William Keswick (15 April 1834 – 9 March 1912) was a British Conservative politician and businessman, patriarch of the Keswick family, an influential shipping family in Hong Kong associated with Jardine Matheson Holdings.

Biography

Keswick was born in 1834 in Dumfriesshire in the Scottish Lowlands. His grandmother, Jean Jardine Johnstone, was an older sister of Dr. William Jardine, co-founder of Jardine Matheson.{{Cite web|url=http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/KESWICK?cx=partner-pub-0939450753529744%3Av0qd01-tdlq&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=KESWICK&sa=Search|title =Keswick|publisher=Webster's Online Dictionary|access-date=11 June 2011}} His father Thomas Keswick, from Dumfriesshire had married Jardine's niece and daughter of Jean, Margaret Johnstone, and entered the Jardine business. The company operated as merchant traders and had a major influence in the First and Second Opium Wars although the company stopped this trading in 1870 to pursue a broad range of trades including shipping, railways, textiles and property development.

William arrived in China and Hong Kong in 1855, the first of six generations of the Keswick family to be associated with Jardines. He established a Jardine Matheson office in Yokohama, Japan in 1859. He returned to Hong Kong to become a partner of the firm in 1862. He became managing partner or Tai-pan of the firm in 1874 until his departure in 1886. He left Hong Kong in 1886 to take control of Matheson & Co. in London responsible only to the firm's senior partner Sir Robert Jardine (1825–1905). He remained the firm's managing director until his death in 1912. Keswick also served as a director in the then British-based fur trading firm Hudson's Bay Company.

He spent three spells on the Legislative and Executive Councils of Hong Kong between 1868 and 1887. He was further listed as a director of the HongKong, Canton & Macao Steamboat Company in 1876.{{cite book |date=1876 |title=HongKong, Canton & Macao Steamboat Company, Limited |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZZhEAQAAMAAJ |location=Hong Kong |publisher=Hong Kong Daily Press Office |page=69 }} Whilst in the colony, William also served as Consul-general for the Kingdom of Hawaii, for which he was made a Knight Commander of the Hawaiian Order of Kalakao (named in honour of Kalākaua, the country's last king). He also acted as consul for the Kingdom of Denmark in Hong Kong.{{cite news |title=Epsom Division: The Conservative Candidate|work=Surrey Mirror|date=13 January 1899 |access-date=11 July 2014 |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000334/18990113/019/0004| publisher = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}

In 1888, Keswick and the chemist Herbert W. C. Tweddle bought the Negritos oil fields on the La Brea y Pariñas hacienda in Peru. Keswick and Tweddle then formed the London and Pacific Petroleum Company to profit from the property.{{cite book|author=Clayton, Lawrence A.|title=Peru and the United States: The Condor and the Eagle|year=1999|publisher=University of Georgia Press|page=91|isbn=9780820320250|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y-7zk_kK9dgC}} (Note that on p. 91 and p. 362, the 1991 edition of Clayton's book has the typographical error "Tweedle"; this error is the typesetter's — not Clayton's.)

After serving as High Sheriff of Surrey for 1897 he was elected Member of Parliament for Epsom at a by-election in 1899, and held the seat until his resignation on 8{{nbsp}}March 1912 by the procedural device of accepting the post of Steward of the Manor of Northstead.

William died the day after this resignation at his home, Eastwood Park, Great Bookham, Surrey, on 9{{nbsp}}March 1912 aged 77.{{cite news |title=Obituary|work=Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer|date=11 March 1912 |access-date=6 July 2014 |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000687/19120311/147/0007| publisher = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }} William had lived in the house since 1882 and on his death, it passed to his son (and only surviving child) Henry.{{Cite web|url=http://www.datavu.host-ed.me/bookhamhistory/|title=A History of Bookham|access-date=11 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213342/http://www.datavu.host-ed.me/bookhamhistory/|url-status=dead}}

Family

Keswick married first Amelia Sophia Dubeux (d. 1883) and had two sons:

Henry Keswick (1870–1928)
Lieutenant David Johnstone Keswick (1876–1900), an officer in the 12th Lancers who was killed in South Africa during the Second Boer War.{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The War -Casualties|date=9 March 1900 |page=7 |issue=36085}}

His grandson, William Johnston Keswick "Tony" (1903–90) was Jardine's Tai-pan between 1934 and 1941 and later Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company{{Cite web|url=http://www.stanford.edu/group/auden/cgi-bin/auden/individual.php?pid=I20126&ged=auden-bicknell.ged|title=W.H. Auden, Family Ghosts - Sir William Johnston Keswick|publisher=Stanford University|access-date=11 June 2011|archive-date=24 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024110647/http://www.stanford.edu/group/auden/cgi-bin/auden/individual.php?pid=I20126&ged=auden-bicknell.ged|url-status=dead}}