William Lafayette Strong

Strong was born on March 22, 1827, near Loudonville, Ohio, in Ashland County. He was the son of Abel Strong, a farmer born in 1792 in Hartford, Connecticut. His mother, Hannah Burdine Strong was born in 1798, and was from Pennsylvania. Strong was the oldest of five children, and despite only a rudimentary rural education, became a clerk in a Wooster dry goods store to help support his family after the death of his father in 1840.{{cite book|last=Dwight|first=Benjamin W.|title=The History of the Descendants of Elder John Strong, of Northampton Massachusetts|year=1871|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924092508682}}

Strong later attended the Vermillion Institute in Hayesville, Ohio.

In 1853, Strong moved to New York City, where he worked at the L.O. Wilson and Company dry goods firm. In the Panic of 1857, the business failed and Strong moved on to work for Farnham, Dale, and Company.

By 1870, he had his own dry goods company, called William L. Strong and Company. It was very successful, opening branches in many cities and eventually making Strong a millionaire. In 1890, Strong became president of the First National Bank.{{cite book|last1=Holli|first1=Melvin G.|last2=d'Alroy Jones|first2=Peter|title=Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors, 1820-1980: Big City Mayors|date=1991|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=9780313211348|page=[https://archive.org/details/biographicaldict0000unse_r8s1/page/349 349]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/biographicaldict0000unse_r8s1/page/349}}

Strong was also president of the Central National Bank, president of the Homer Lee Bank Note Company, Vice President of the New York Security and Trust Company and director for the Erie Railroad and the Plaza Bank.{{cite news|title=Sketches Of The Nominees - Careers of the Men Who May Lead the Anti-Tammanyites|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1894/10/06/106836144.html|access-date=4 January 2016|work=New York Times|date=October 6, 1894|page=2}}

In the 1880s, Strong became active in politics. He ran for U.S. Congress in 1882 but was unsuccessful.

Strong, a Republican, was elected on a Fusion Party ticket by Republican and anti-Tammany Hall Democrats.{{cite news |title=MAYOR STRONG IN OFFICE; The City Government Transferred by Mayor Gilroy. GREETED BY MEN OF MANY PARTIES City Hall Crowded with Well-Wishers of the Reform Administration -- The Ceremonies Simple. COMPLIMENTS FOR HIS PREDECESSOR Mr. Strong's Admiration for Mr. Gilroy's Talent as an Executive -- Calls from ex-Mayors Hewitt and Grace. MAYOR STRONG IN OFFICE |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/01/02/106056576.pdf |access-date=14 October 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=2 January 1895}} Strong served as mayor of New York from January 1, 1895, to December 31, 1897, gaining an extra year on his term because of the impending consolidation of New York City, which moved elections to odd-numbered years. He won by a decisive majority of more than 42,000 votes and was joined in victory by John W. Goff, the Republican candidate for city recorder and a new Republican majority for the New York City Board of Aldermen."Downfall of Tammany Hall," Literary Digest, vol. 10, no. 3, whole no. 239 (Nov. 17, 1894), pp. 3–5.

Strong's victory was optimistically hailed by the New York press as representative of an epic defeat of Tammany Hall's "fraud, chicane, trickery, double-dealing and contempt for the moral sense of the community"New York Evening Post, quoted in "Downfall of Tammany Hall," Literary Digest, pg. 4. and the new mayor cast as standard-bearer of "a revolution that closes a dark and opens a bright era in the municipal affairs of New York."New York Herald, quoted in "Downfall of Tammany Hall," Literary Digest, pg. 4.

The reform-minded Strong established the New York City Board of Education, created small parks, and is credited as the "father" of the city's Department of Correction. The Department of Public Charities and Correction had been split by Governor Levi Morton in 1894 into two departments. Strong appointed former U.S. Civil Service Commissioner Theodore Roosevelt as Police Commissioner. Roosevelt was noted for fighting corruption and making the police department more professional.

Strong's leadership help pass the School Reform Law in 1896.{{cite web|title=Know Your Mayors: William Lafayette Strong (published September 9, 2008)|url=http://www.boweryboyshistory.com/2008/09/democrats-and-republicans-in-this-years.html|website=boweryboyshistory.com|date=9 September 2008 |publisher=The Bowery Boys|access-date=4 January 2016}} In the late 1890s, New York State legislators passed a law mandating bath houses for cities with more than 50,000 people. Strong agreed with the law's necessity due to sanitation issues caused by overcrowding. The city's bath houses, originally built for cleanliness and bathing, were later used for recreation.{{cite web|title=Taking The Plunge: Pools of New York City (published August 31,2011)|url=http://blog.nyhistory.org/taking-the-plunge/|website=nyhistory.org|publisher=New-York Historical Society|access-date=4 January 2016}}

In 1866, Strong married Mary Urania Aborn (1843–1921), the daughter of Robert W. Aborn of New Jersey.{{cite news |title=Mrs. Mary Aborn Strong |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1921/07/28/107021239.pdf |access-date=14 October 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=28 July 1921}} Together, Mary and William were the parents of two children:

File:Putnam Bradlee Strong in uniform.jpg

• Mary Aborn Strong (1868–1935), who married Albert Richardson Shattuck (1854–1924), a wealthy banker from Ohio, in 1889.{{cite news |title=MRS. A. R. SHATTUK IS DEAD IN LENOX; Daughter of the Late Mayor W. L. Strong of New York Stricken on Estate. ROBBED BY BANDITS IN 1922 Imprisoned With Husband and 8 Servants While Thieves TookI$80,000 in Jewels. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1935/03/02/archives/mrs-a-r-shattockis-dead-in-lenox-daughter-of-the-late-mayorw-l.html |access-date=14 October 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=2 March 1935}}
• Putnam Bradlee Strong (1875–1945),{{cite news |title=Putnam B. Strong, Son of Ex-Mayor, 70 |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1945/11/17/88312827.pdf |access-date=14 October 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=17 November 1945}} who married actress May Yohé, the former wife of Lord Francis Hope (later the Duke of Newcastle).{{cite news |title=MAY YOHE'S EX-MATE DENIES ACTOR'S CLAIM; Putnam B. Strong Testifies at Hearing He and Actress Never Had a Son. |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1936/12/04/88716244.pdf |access-date=14 October 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=4 December 1936}}

Strong died in his home on November 2, 1900. After complaining of not feeling well, he retired to his room. During the night, he worsened very quickly, and he died early that morning, leaving behind a wife and two adult children.{{cite news|title=Ex-Mayor Strong Has Passed Away - Sinks Quietly Into His Last Sleep at His Home - All His Family About Him - President, Governor, Friends, and Fellow-Merchants Testify to His Public Services and Example|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1900/11/03/102638085.pdf |access-date=4 January 2016|work=New York Times|date=November 3, 1900|page=14}}(2 Nov. 1900). [https://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50361438/ Former Mayor Strong Dies Very Suddenly], Brooklyn Eagle, p. 1, col. 3 He was interred at Woodlawn Cemetery in the borough of The Bronx in New York City.{{cite news |title=William L. Strong. |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1900/11/03/102637961.pdf |access-date=14 October 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=3 November 1900}} His widow died of heart disease at The Mount, their daughter's residence in Lenox, Massachusetts (and the former home of author Edith Wharton), in July 1921.

The Fire Department of New York operated a fireboat named William L. Strong from 1898 to 1945.{{cite web|url= http://marine1fdny.com/fireboat_history_new.php |title= Fireboats Through The Years| author = Clarence E. Meek |date= July 1954| access-date= 2015-06-28}}

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{{succession box | before = Thomas Francis Gilroy |title=Mayor of New York City | years = 1895–1897 | after = Robert Anderson Van Wyck}}

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Category:1827 births

Category:1900 deaths

Category:Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)

Category:Mayors of New York City

Category:People from Loudonville, Ohio

Category:New York (state) Republicans

Category:19th-century mayors of places in New York (state)