William Sprigg (judge)
{{Short description|American judge (1770–1827)}}
{{infobox officeholder
|name=William Sprigg
|image=
|office=Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court
|term_start=April 2, 1803
|term_end=April 12, 1806
|preceded=none (state established)
|succeeded=George Tod
|office2=Judge of the Superior Court of the Orleans Territory
|term_start2=1806
|term_end2=1808
|preceded2=
|succeeded2=
|office3=Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court
|term_start3=February 16, 1808
|term_end3=February 10, 1810
|preceded3=Daniel Symmes
|succeeded3=William W. Irvin
|office4=Justice of the Illinois Territorial Court
|term_start4= 1809
|term_end4=April 1818
|preceded4=Obediah Jones
|succeeded4=Thomas C. Browne
|birth_date=1770
|birth_place=Prince George's County, Maryland
|death_date=September 9, 1827
|death_place=Hagerstown, Maryland
}}
William Sprigg (1770 – September 9, 1827){{cite web |url=http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/SCO/formerjustices/bios/sprigg.asp |publisher=The Supreme Court of Ohio and The Ohio Judicial System|title= William Sprigg}} was an American attorney who twice served as Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court, as well as adjudicated on the Superior Court of the Orleans Territory and the highest court of the Illinois Territory.
Early life
Sprigg was born in 1770 in Prince George's County, Maryland to Joseph Sprigg and Hannah Lee. His uncle, Thomas Sprigg, was a Member of Congress from Maryland from 1793 to 1797. His half-brother, Samuel Sprigg, was Governor of Maryland from 1818 to 1820.
Career
Sprigg headed westward to Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland (where relatives were merchants) then continued along the Ohio River. He became a pioneer and early attorney in Adams County, Ohio, then in the Northwest Territory. When Ohio became a state in 1803, the state legislature appointed Sprigg to the Ohio Supreme Court. He served as a justice of the Supreme Court from April 1803 to April 1806, and again from 1808 to 1810. During the interim period, Sprigg received an appointment from President Thomas Jefferson to serve on the highest court in the Territory of Orleans, which he did from January 1806 to November 1808.Celebration of the Centenary of the Supreme Court of Louisiana (March 1, 1913), in John Wymond, Henry Plauché Dart, eds., The Louisiana Historical Quarterly (1922), p. 113.
In 1812, Governor Ninian Edwards of the newly formed Illinois Territory appointed Sprigg as a judge for that territory.{{Cite book |last=Herringshaw |first=Thomas William |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xxg7AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA879&lpg |title=Herringshaw's Encyclopedia of American Biography of the Nineteenth Century: Accurate and Succinct Biographies of Famous Men and Women in All Walks of Life who are Or Have Been the Acknowledged Leaders of Life and Thought of the United States Since Its Formation ... |date=1904 |publisher=American Publishers' Association |language=en}} Sprigg served on the Illinois court for several years alongside Jesse B. Thomas and Stanley Griswold.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CuZLAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA90&lpg |title=Papers in Illinois History and Transactions for the Year ... |date=1902 |publisher=Illinois State Historical Society |language=en}} However, when Illinois was on the verge of becoming a state, he and Thomas became the center of controversy about the relative relationship between the judicial and legislative branches, and both wrote to the U.S. Congress. By April, 1818 Judge Sprigg was either removed or had resigned from the bench.{{Cite book|url = https://archive.org/details/illinoisin1800buck|title = Illinois in 1818|last = Buck|first = Solon Justus|date = 1918-01-01|publisher = McClurg|language = en}}
When Illinois became a state in December 1818, the Illinois House of Representatives approved none of the territorial judges to the newly formed Illinois Supreme Court. Sprigg sought nomination for Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Illinois, but failed.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}
Death and legacy
Judge Spriggs returned eastward, moving to Hagerstown, Maryland, where he died among relatives on September 9, 1827.
Sprigg Township in Adams County, Ohio is named for Judge Sprigg.{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/ahistoryadamsco01stivgoog | title=A History of Adams County, Ohio: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time | publisher=E B. Stivers | author=Evans, Nelson Wiley | year=1900 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/ahistoryadamsco01stivgoog/page/n533 461]}}
References
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{{succession box| title=Judge of the Ohio Supreme Court | before=newly created position| after=George Tod| years=1803-1806}}
{{succession box| title=Judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Orleans | before=Peter Stephen Duponceau| after=John Thompson| years=1805-1807}}
{{succession box| title=Judge of the Ohio Supreme Court | before=Daniel Symmes| after=William W. Irvin| years=1808-1810}}
{{succession box| title=Judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Illinois | before=Obadiah Jones| after=Thomas C. Browne| years=1815-1818}}
{{s-end}}
{{Judges of the Superior Court of the Territory of Orleans}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sprigg, William}}
Category:Justices of the Louisiana Supreme Court
Category:United States federal judges appointed by Thomas Jefferson
Category:People from Prince George's County, Maryland
Category:Justices of the Supreme Court of Ohio
Category:Illinois Territory officials