Williams FJ44

{{short description|Small turbofan engine}}

{{primary|date=November 2021}}

{{Infobox aircraft begin

|name= FJ44

|image=Williams FJ44-3ATW.jpg

|caption=A Williams FJ44-3ATW turbofan engine

}}

{{Infobox aircraft engine

|type= Turbofan

|national origin= United States

|manufacturer= Williams International

|first run= 1985{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%202808.html?search=FJ44|title= Williams Imagines Future Concept |work= Flight International |date= 12 October 1985 |access-date=6 April 2017}}

|major applications= Beechcraft Premier I
Cessna CitationJet
Piper PiperJet Altaire
Saab 105
Grob G180 SPn
Pilatus PC-24

|number built =

|program cost =

|unit cost =

|developed from =

|developed into = Williams FJ33

|variants with their own articles =

}}

The Williams FJ44 is a family of small, two-spool, turbofan engines produced by Williams International for the light business jet market. Until the recent boom in the very light jet market, the FJ44 was one of the smallest turbofans available for civilian applications. Although basically a Williams design, Rolls-Royce was brought into the project at an early stage to design, develop, and manufacture an air-cooled high-pressure (HP) turbine for the engine. The FJ44 first flew on July 12, 1988 on the Scaled Composites/Beechcraft Triumph aircraft.

The Williams FJ33 is a newer, smaller engine based on the basic FJ44 design.

Development

Production started in 1992 with the {{Convert|1900|lbf|kN|abbr=on|lk=on}} thrust FJ44-1A. The FJ44-1C is derated to {{Convert|1500|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}.

The uprated to {{Convert|2300|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} FJ44-2A was introduced in 1997.

The {{Convert|2820|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust FJ44-3A was introduced in 2004.

In 2005, a new low end version, the FJ44-1AP, was introduced, with a {{Convert|1965|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} takeoff thrust.

Released in 2007 was the new {{Convert|3600|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust FJ44-4. In 2010 this engine was in use on the Cessna CJ4, and since 2018 also on the new Pilatus PC-24.

==Design==

The FJ44-1A has a single stage blisk fan plus a single intermediate pressure (IP) booster stage, both driven by a 2 stage low pressure (LP) turbine, and supercharging a single stage centrifugal high pressure (HP) compressor, driven by a single stage uncooled high pressure (HP) turbine. The combustor is an impingement cooled annular design. Fuel is delivered to the combustor through an unusual rotating fuel nozzle system, rather than the standard fuel-air mixers or vapourisers. The bypass duct runs the full length of the engine.

The FJ44-2A has two additional booster compressor stages.

Variants

;FJ44-1A

: {{Convert|1900|lbf|kN|abbr=on|lk=on}} thrust, production started in 1992, {{Convert|20.9|in|mm|abbr=on}} diameter fan, SFC at full thrust at SLS, ISA is understood to be 0.456 lb/(hr lbf),

;FJ44-1AP

: {{Convert|1965|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} takeoff thrust, introduced in 2005, 5% better specific fuel consumption, lower internal temperatures, similar to the -1A with a higher pressure ratio fan, a new combustor and LP turbine, a new full length bypass duct/exhaust mixer and a dual channel FADEC.[http://www.williams-int.com/high/product/engines/fj44-1ap.htm FJ44-1AP] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060505044353/http://www.williams-int.com/high/product/engines/fj44-1ap.htm |date=2006-05-05 }} at [http://www.williams-int.com www.williams-int.com], Accessed 2006-05-07

;FJ44-1C

: {{Convert|1500|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust, derated version of the FJ44-1A, SFC of {{Convert|0.460|lb/lbf/h|kg/kN/h|abbr=on}}.[http://www.williams-int.com/high/product/engines/fj44-1.htm FJ44-1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060505044413/http://www.williams-int.com/high/product/engines/fj44-1.htm |date=2006-05-05 }} at [http://www.williams-int.com www.williams-int.com], Accessed 2006-05-07[http://defence.rolls-royce.com/FJ44-gas-turbines-for-trainer-aircraft/ FJ44 for military trainer aircraft] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311031549/http://defence.rolls-royce.com/FJ44-gas-turbines-for-trainer-aircraft/ |date=2007-03-11 }} at [http://defence.rolls-royce.com defence.rolls-royce.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060428182356/http://defence.rolls-royce.com/ |date=2006-04-28 }}, Accessed 2006-05-07

;FJ44-2A

: {{Convert|2300|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust, introduced in 1997, larger {{Convert|21.7|in|mm|abbr=on}} diameter fan, with two additional booster stages to increase core flow, centrifugal compressor throttled-back aerodynamically to a lower HPC pressure ratio than the -1, exhaust mixer and a fuel electronic control unit.[http://www.williamsint.com/high/product/engines/fj44-2.htm FJ44-2] at [http://www.williams-int.com www.williams-int.com], Accessed 2006-05-07

;FJ44-2C

: {{Convert|2400|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust, similar to the -2A with an integrated hydromechanical fuel control unit.

;FJ44-3A

: {{Convert|2820|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust, 2004 introduction, similar to the -2A with a larger fan and dual channel FADEC unit.[http://www.williams-int.com/high/product/engines/fj44-3.htm FJ44-3] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060505044406/http://www.williams-int.com/high/product/engines/fj44-3.htm |date=2006-05-05 }} at [http://www.williams-int.com www.williams-int.com], Accessed 2006-05-07

; FJ44-3A-24

: {{Convert|2490|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust, derated -3A.

;FJ44-3AP

: {{Convert|3000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust.[http://www.williams-int.com/uploads/Williams%20Fanjet%20Family.pdf Williams Fanjet Family], Accessed 2020-02-20

;FJ44-4A

: {{Convert|3600|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust, released in 2007, hi-tech fan of larger diameter than the -3 unit.[http://www.williams-int.com/information.html?pid=1 FJ44-4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412043319/http://www.williams-int.com/information.html?pid=1 |date=2010-04-12 }} at [http://www.williams-int.com www.williams-int.com], Accessed 2010-03-12 Used on the Cessna CJ4 and the Pilatus PC-24.

;FJ44-4C

:3,450 lbf (15.3kN) thrust. Used on the upcoming Honda HA-480 Echelon.{{Cite web |title=plane announcement |url=https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2023/october/16/honda-goes-for-the-upper-echelon}}{{Cite web |title=honda specs |url=https://www.hondajet.com/-/media/HondaJet/Photos/HondaJet-Echelon/HondaJet_Echelon_Digital_Brochure_FINAL.pdf}}

;FJ44-4M

;Williams-Rolls F129

:Military designation for the derated FJ44-1C with {{Convert|1500|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust.

Applications

File:OO-FLN.JPGs have been delivered by June 2017{{cite press release |url= http://txtav.com/en/newsroom/2017/06/textron-aviation-celebrates-light-jet-leadership-with-2000th-delivery-for-cessna-cj-family |title= Textron Aviation celebrates light jet leadership with 2,000th delivery for Cessna CJ family |date= June 8, 2017 |publisher= Textron Aviation}}

]]

class="wikitable sortable"
VariantApplicationTypeDeliveries
rowspan=2 | FJ44-1{{cite web |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-1-engine |title= Airplanes with the FJ44-1 Engine |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-03-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190301222118/http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-1-engine |url-status= dead }}

| Cessna CitationJet CJ1/CJ1+/M2

Business jet1993-
SAAB Sk60Jet trainerre-engine
rowspan=8 | FJ44-2{{cite web |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-2-engine |title= Airplanes with the FJ44-2 Engine |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-03-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190310115133/http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-2-engine |url-status= dead }}

| Beechcraft Premier 1A

Business jet2001-2012
Cessna CitationJet CJ2Business jet2000-2005
Cessna Citation 501SPBusiness jetre-engine{{efn|Sierra Industries FJ44 Stallion}}
Cessna Citation 550Business jetre-engine{{efn|Sierra Industries FJ44 Eagle II}}
Scaled Composites ProteusExperimental1998
Syberjet SJ30Business jet2007-2009
Learjet 25Business jetre-engine{{efn|SpiritWing}}
Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyerExperimental2005
rowspan=3 | FJ44-3{{cite web |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-3-engine |title= Airplanes with the FJ44-3 Engine |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-03-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190301221747/http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-3-engine |url-status= dead }}

| Cessna CitationJet CJ2+/CJ3+

Business jet2004-
Cessna Citation 550Business jetre-engine{{efn|Sierra Industries Super II/S-II}}
Nextant 400XTiBusiness jetre-engine
rowspan=3 | FJ44-4{{cite web |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-4-engine |title= Airplanes with the FJ44-4 Engine |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-02-23 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190223173817/http://www.williams-int.com/products/airplanes-with-the-fj44-4-engine |url-status= dead }}

| Cessna CitationJet CJ4

Business jet2010-
Hawker 400XPRBusiness jetre-engine
Pilatus PC-24Business jet2018-
rowspan=1 | FJ44-4M

| Aero L-39 Skyfox

Jet trainer
Light attack aircraft
2022-
rowspan=1 | FJ44-4M-34

| Alenia Aermacchi M-345

Jet trainer2018-
rowspan=8 | not delivered{{clarify|date=August 2019}}

| Cessna 526 CitationJet{{efn|as Williams-Rolls F129|name=|group=}}

Jet trainer2 prototypes
Eviation Jets EV-20 Vantage JetBusiness jet1 prototype
Grob G180 SPnBusiness jet4 prototypes
Hawker 200Business jetCancelled
Lockheed Martin PolecatDroneCrashed
Lockheed Martin RQ-3 DarkStarDroneCancelled
Piper PA-47 PiperJet/AltaireBusiness jet1 prototype
Scaled Composites TriumphBusiness jet1 prototype

Specifications

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+ Type Certificate Data Sheet{{cite web |url= https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/60398924b8e6df678625831d0047e4be/$FILE/E3GL_Rev_22.pdf |title= Type Certificate Data Sheet NO. E3GL |date= October 4, 2018 |publisher= FAA}}

! Variant

! FJ44-1AP{{cite news |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-1ap |title= FJ44-1AP |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-03-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190310120543/http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-1ap |url-status= dead }}

! FJ44-2{{cite news |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-2 |title= FJ44-2 |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-02-22 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190222142724/http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-2 |url-status= dead }}

! FJ44-3{{cite news |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-3 |title= FJ44-3 |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-02-23 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190223174323/http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-3 |url-status= dead }}

! FJ44-4{{cite news |url= http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-4 |title= FJ44-4 |publisher= Williams International |access-date= 2019-03-05 |archive-date= 2019-03-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190310034011/http://www.williams-int.com/products/fj44-4 |url-status= dead }}

Configurationcolspan=4 | Twin-spool turbofan with 1-stage fan and annular combustor
LP compressor1-stage axialcolspan="3" | 3-stage axial
HP compressorcolspan=4 | 1-stage centrifugal
Turbinecolspan="4" | 1-stage HP, 2-stage LP
Thrust

| {{cvt|1,900-2,100|lbf|kN|abbr=}}

| {{cvt|2,300-2,400|lbf|kN|1}}

| {{cvt|3,000|lbf|kN|1}}

| {{cvt|3,600|lbf|kN|1}}

Weight

| {{cvt|460|lb|0|abbr=}}

| {{cvt|520-530|lb|0}}

| {{cvt|516-535|lb}}

| {{cvt|658|lb|0}}

Length

| {{cvt|41.4|in|cm|abbr=}}

| {{cvt|47.2|in|cm}}

| {{cvt|48.0|in|cm}}

| {{cvt|52.8|in|cm}}

Diameter

| {{cvt|20.7|in|cm}}

| {{cvt|21.8|in|cm}}

| {{cvt|23.0|in|cm}}

| {{cvt|25.3|in|cm}}

See also

{{Aircontent

|see also=

|related=

|similar engines=

|lists=

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References

{{reflist}}

Notes

{{notelist}}