Woods Motor Vehicle
{{Short description|American electric automobile manufacturing company, trading between 1899 and 1916}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Woods Motor Vehicle Company
| founder = Clinton Edgar Woods
|founded = 28 September 1899
| location_city = Chicago, Illinois
| location_country = U.S.
|fate = went out of business
|industry = Automotive
|products = Automobiles
}}
Image:1906 Woods Queen Victoria Electric.jpg
Woods Motor Vehicle Company was an American manufacturer of electric automobiles in Chicago, Illinois, between 1899{{cite web |url=http://www.carsandracingstuff.com/library/w/woodsmotorvehiclecompany.php |title= Woods Motor Vehicle Company |work = The Crittenden Automotive Library |access-date= March 26, 2008 }} and 1916. In 1915 they produced the Dual Power (U.S. Patent # 1244045) with both electric and internal combustion engines which continued until 1918.
The company was started by Clinton Edgar Woods who literally "wrote the first book on electric vehicles."{{cite book |last1=Woods |first1=Clinton Edgar |title=The Electric Automobile |date=1900 |publisher=H.S. Stone & Co. |location=Chicago |url=https://openlibrary.org/works/OL15375142W/The_electric_automobile}} File:Woods' Motor Electric Vehicle Exhibit from the May 1899 Electric Show at Madison Square Gardens.jpg
The 1904 Woods Stanhope was a stanhope model. It could seat 2 passengers and sold for US$1800. Twin electric motors, situated at the rear of the car, produced 2.5 hp (1.9 kW) each. The car weighed 2650 lb (1202 kg) with a 40 cell battery.
The 1904 Woods Victoria was a carriage-styled model. It could seat 2 passengers and sold for US$1900. The same twin electric motors as the Stanhope were used, though a 4-speed transmission was fitted. The car weighed {{convert|2700|lb}}. Forty-cell batteries were also used, with an {{convert|18|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} top speed.
Founding
The Woods Motor Vehicle Company was founded on the 28th of September 1899 with a capitalization of $10,000,000. It was incorporated under the laws of New Jersey. It assumed the patents of the Fischer Equipment Company of Chicago and a factory at 110-120 East Twentieth St., Chicago with plans to upgrade another facility at 547 Wabash Avenue in Chicago for another factory. Frederick Nichols of Toronto, Canada, was installed as the first president and C.E. Woods was installed as one of the company's directors.{{cite news |title=Secures Fisher Patents |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/274628983/?terms=woods%2Bmotor%2Bvehicle%2Bcompany |work=The Morning Call |date=September 30, 1899}}{{cite news |title=For a Big Motor Plant |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/349400645/?terms=woods%2Bmotor%2Bvehicle%2Bcompany |work=Chicago Tribune |date=September 28, 1899}}
The headquarters and showroom for Woods Motor Vehicle Company were located in an 1891 loft structure in Chicago's early Motor Row at the modern address of 1130 S. Wabash Avenue, near the intersection with modern Roosevelt Road. (Chicago introduced its present address and street name system beginning in 1909.{{cite web |url=https://chicagostudies.uchicago.edu/grid |title=Chicago's Grid System |date=August 26, 2020 |work=Chicago Studies, University of Chicago |access-date=December 6, 2023 }}) The building long outlived the Woods Motor Vehicle Company, but demolition of the historic building began in the autumn of 2024.
Early hybrid
At $2,700, The Dual Power Model 44 Coupe of 1911 to 1918 had a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine as well as electric power. Below {{convert|15|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} the car was electric powered and above it the conventional engine took over to take the vehicle to a maximum of around {{convert|35|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. It is today considered a historic hybrid electric vehicle.
Some sources wrongly state that the Woods Dual Power car manufactured by the Woods Motor Vehicle Company in Chicago also used the Entz transmission.
The Woods Dual Power had a drive-train based on Roland Fend's U.S. patent number 1,303,870, using a clutch between the gas engine and the electric motor, allowing the engine to also drive the car through the armature shaft of the motor, which itself was connected to the driveshaft.{{cite web |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US1303870A/en |title=US1303870A |first=Roland |last=Fend |via=Google patent |access-date=December 6, 2023 |quote=My invention relates to automobiles of the type provided with a gasolene engine and an assisting electric dynamo, together with clutch and gear shift mechanism whereby the relative speeds of the gasolene engine and electric dynamo may be so adjusted as to throw any proportion of the required power u on either of the units. }}
The Woods car was similar in many ways to today's hybrids. It used both a gasoline engine and an electric motor to propel the wheels, had regenerative braking to recharge the less cumbersome batteries, and in some circumstances the car could charge the batteries while running on gasoline.
Patents
- {{US patent|1244045}}: Automobile (dual propulsion units)
- {{US patent|1303870}}: Automobile (gasoline and electric dynamo gear change device)
See also
=Other Early Electric Vehicles=
References
{{reflist}}
Further reading
- Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly (January, 1904)
Category:Electric vehicles introduced in the 20th century
Category:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Illinois
Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States