Xiaotangshan, Beijing

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Xiaotangshan Town

| native_name = 小汤山镇

| settlement_type = Town

| image_skyline = Xiaotangshanzhen, Beijing in April 2020.jpg

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = China

| subdivision_type1 = Municipality

| subdivision_name1 = Beijing

| subdivision_type2 = District

| subdivision_name2 = Changping

| area_total_km2 = 69.95

| population_total = 80273

| population_as_of = 2020

| population_density_km2 = auto

| coordinates = {{coord|40|10|33|N|116|23|37|E|region:CN-11|format=dms|display=inline,title}}

| utc_offset = +8

| pushpin_map = Beijing#China

| image_caption = Xiaotangshan as seen from Litang Road

| postal_code = 102211

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| area_code = 010

| subdivision_type3 = Village-level Divisions

| subdivision_name3 = 6 community
24 villages

| timezone1 = China Standard

| elevation_m = 37

| image_map = Xiaotangshan Town, Changping District, Beijing (20221017).png

| map_caption = Location inside of Changping District

| other_name =

}}

Xiaotangshan Town ({{zh|s=小汤山镇|t=小湯山鎮|p=Xiǎotāngshān Zhèn}}) is a small town in the Changping District of Beijing, China.[http://www.chineseoo.com/Beijin2008/Modern-Agricultural-Science-Demonstration-Park-at-Xiaotangshan-knwx0147.htm Modern Agricultural Science Demonstration Park at Xiaotangshan] Chineseoo.com {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927141923/http://www.chineseoo.com/Beijin2008/Modern-Agricultural-Science-Demonstration-Park-at-Xiaotangshan-knwx0147.htm |date=September 27, 2007 }} accessed 2020-02-06. It lies immediately outside Beijing's 6th Ring Road, to the north of the city. According to the 2020 census, Xiaotangshan was home to 80,273 inhabitants.{{Cite web |title=北京市昌平区第七次全国人口普查公报 |url=https://bj.bjd.com.cn/5b165687a010550e5ddc0e6a/contentShare/5de8be9be4b0fe93cc167bbc/AP60c44675e4b0b843ec2087d9.html |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=bj.bjd.com.cn |language=zh-CN}}

With a total area of 70.1 square kilometers, Xiaotangshan has rich geothermal resources, so much so that the name Xiaotangshan ({{Zh|s=小汤山|l=Small Hot Spring Mountain}}) originated from its abundance of geothermal springs.{{Cite book |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国政区大典, 北京市卷 |date=2013 |publisher=中国社会出版社 |editor=李立国 |editor2=李万钧 |editor3=吴世民 |isbn=978-7-5087-4058-4 |location=Beijing |oclc=910451741}}

Xiaotangshan Hospital appeared in the news in May 2003 when the government hastily built a 1000-bed field hospital there to deal with an outbreak of SARS.[https://web.archive.org/web/20030622114421/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/EE15Ad04.html China Times][https://www.asiatimes.com/2020/01/article/china-rushes-to-build-new-hospital-for-virus/ China rushes to build new hospital for virus care: The facility in the central city of Wuhan is expected to be in use by February 3 (2020)] 2 February 2020, www.asiatimes.com, accessed 2020-02-06.

History

class="wikitable"

|+Timeline of Xiaotangshan's History

!Year

!Status

!Under

1949–1956

|4th District

| rowspan="5" |Changping County

1956–1958

|Sixiao District

1958–1982

|Xiaotangshan People's Commune (Beiqijiazhuang, Songlanbao and Shahe Working Stations separated away in 1959)

1982–1990

|Xiaotangshan Township

1990–1999

| rowspan="2" |Xiaotangshan Town (Integrated Dadongliu Township in 1997)

1999–present

|Changping District

Administrative divisions

By 2021, Xiaotangshan Town was divided into 30 subdivisions, more specifically 6 communities and 24 villages:{{Cite web |title=2021年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码 |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2021/11/01/14/110114110.html |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.stats.gov.cn}}

class="wikitable sortable"

!Administrative Division Code

!Subdisvision Names

!Name Transliteration

!Type

110114110001

|市场街

|Shichangjie

|Community

110114110003

|大东流

|Dadongliu

|Community

110114110004

|太阳城

|Taiyangcheng

|Community

110114110005

|汤南

|Tangnan

|Community

110114110006

|龙脉

|Longmai

|Community

110114110007

|金汤

|Jintang

|Community

110114110201

|小汤山

|Xiaotangshan

|Village

110114110202

|尚信

|Shangxin

|Village

110114110203

|讲礼

|Jiangli

|Village

110114110204

|马坊

|Mafang

|Village

110114110205

|官牛坊

|Guanniufang

|Village

110114110206

|阿苏卫

|Asuwei

|Village

110114110207

|葫芦河

|Huluhe

|Village

110114110208

|大柳树

|Daliushu

|Village

110114110209

|大汤山

|Datangshan

|Village

110114110210

|后牛坊

|Houniufang

|Village

110114110211

|大东流

|Da Dongliu

|Village

110114110212

|土沟

|Tugou

|Village

110114110213

|酸枣岭

|Suanzaoling

|Village

110114110214

|前蔺沟

|Qian Lingou

|Village

110114110215

|后蔺沟

|Hou Lingou

|Village

110114110216

|小东流

|Xiao Dongliu

|Village

110114110217

|常兴庄

|Changxingzhuang

|Village

110114110218

|大赴任庄

|Da Furenzhuang

|Village

110114110219

|小赴任庄

|Xiao Durenzhuang

|Village

110114110220

|赴任辛庄

|Furenxinzhuang

|Village

110114110221

|南官庄

|Nanguanzhuang

|Village

110114110222

|赖马庄

|Laimazhuang

|Village

110114110223

|西官庄

|Xi Guanzhuang

|Village

110114110224

|东官庄

|Dong Guanzhuang

|Village

Hot springs

{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2023}}

Xiaotangshan has a long history of geothermal hot spring. The use of hot spring water can be traced back to the Southern and Northern Dynasties period of China, dating back over 1,500 years ago. The Xiaotangshan hot springs has records of early emperors using the springs for medical baths. The Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty built the Xiaotangshan imperial palace and inscribed "九华兮秀". The hot spring water contains minerals and trace elements such as strontium, lithium, selenium, and other silicic acid mineral elements.

Xiaotangshan has rich geothermal resources. In Xiaotangshan center, resources are within 30 kilometers of ground water. Deep geothermal water depth in regions ranging from about 150–1400 meters to Xiaotangshan for the most shallow, less than one hundred meters. Due to the different regions and the depth of water, the water temperature is different, mostly in the 40-50 °C, the highest in the central area of Xiaotangshan 55-64 °C.

Economy

{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2023}}

In 1994, Xiaotangshan town was named the pilot town for the construction of small towns in Beijing. In 1995, it was identified as the national pioneer town of comprehensive reform. In 2002, it was named by the United Nations Development as the small pilot town for sustainable development in China. In 2003 it was named "National Environmentally Beautiful Town" by the National Environmental Protection Administration. In 2004, it was identified as the first batch of national development and Reform pilot town and the Ministry of Construction and other six ministries identified it as one of the 1887 focus town. In 2005, the China Mining Association named Xiaotangshan as "Chinese hot springs town", and the National Steering Committee awarded it as "spiritual civilization advanced the town".

Features

  • Xiaotangshan Palace, The Hot Springs and The Xiaotangshan Dragon Venture Hot Springs Plaza.
  • {{ill|Xiaotangshan Hospital|2=zh|3=小汤山医院|preserve=1}}, a hospital near Xiaotangshan hot spring, which became famous during the 2003 SARS epidemic. This saw a sudden increase in patients with the same condition and similar needs, and so an additional 'Rehabilitation Hospital' was built adjacent to the hospital site in little more than a week. The temporary structure, built of prefabricated units and with a service life of 3 years, was operational for 51 days in 2003, from April 30 to June 20.[http://www.cyol.net/zqb/content/2010-04/10/content_3176786.htm Expert Interpretation: Why Xiaotangshan was demolished after seven years] 2010-04-10 www.cyol.net {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815104910/http://www.cyol.net/zqb/content/2010-04/10/content_3176786.htm|date=August 15, 2019}} accessed 2020-02-06. Subsequently, it was 'quietly abandoned'{{Cite news|last=Williams|first=Sophie|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51245156|title=How can China build a hospital so quickly?|date=2020-01-31|work=BBC News|access-date=2020-02-07|language=en-GB}} and in 2010 was to be demolished. It was rebuilt due to the COVID-19 pandemic.{{Cite web| url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/30/WS5e32706ba310128217273b2d_1.html|title=Beijing to rebuild Xiaotangshan Hospital to fight virus - Chinadaily.com.cn|last=张洁|website=www.chinadaily.com.cn|access-date=2020-02-07}}
  • Xiaotangshan Modern Agricultural Science Demonstration Park, the largest modern agricultural park in China.[http://www.cpol.gov.cn/en/News.asp?Id=29 Investment Changping/ Xiaotangshan modern agricultural technology demonstration park] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928074208/http://www.cpol.gov.cn/en/News.asp?Id=29 |date=September 28, 2007 }}, accessed 2020-02-06.

Transport

  • {{Rint|beijing|subway}} {{Rail color box|BJS|17|yes}} - {{stl|BJS|Future Science City North}}
  • {{jct|Ex|4501|country=CHN|city1=Shunyi|city2=Mentougou}}

See also

{{Portal|China}}

References

{{reflist}}