Xinhe County, Xinjiang
{{Distinguish|Toksun County}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Xinhe County
|native_name = {{nobold|{{native name|ug-Arab|توقسۇ ناھىيىسى}}
{{lower|0.2em|{{native name|zh-hans|新和县}}}}}}
|other_name = {{lower|0.2em|Toksu, Hsin-ho}}
|settlement_type = County
|image_skyline =
|image_map = Location of Toksu within Xinjiang (China).png
|map_caption = Location of Toksu County (red) within Aksu Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang
|pushpin_map = Xinjiang#China
|pushpin_label_position = right
|pushpin_map_caption = Location of the seat
|coordinates = {{Coord|41|33|01|N|82|37|00|E|source:trwiki_region:CN-65_type:adm3rd|display=title, inline}}
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = China
|subdivision_type1 = Autonomous region
|subdivision_name1 = Xinjiang
|subdivision_type2 = Prefecture
|subdivision_name2 = Aksu
|seat_type = County seat
|seat = Toksu Town (Xinhe)
| demographics_type2 = Ethnic groups
| demographics2_title1 = Major ethnic groups
| demographics2_info1 = Uyghur{{cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/xj/21113.html|script-title=zh:1997年新和县行政区划|date=10 November 2010|access-date=8 June 2020|website=XZQH.org|quote={{lang|zh-hans|阿克苏地区辖县。位于天山南麓，塔里木盆地北缘。为古丝绸之路的必经之地。面积8223平方千米，人口12.5万，其中维吾尔族占95.5%，}}}}
|area_total_km2 = 5820.46
|area_footnotes = {{cite web|url=http://www.xjxinhe.gov.cn/xhgk/bdgk/index.html|script-title=zh:新和县县情简介|language=zh-hans|date=26 April 2020|access-date=8 June 2020|website={{lang|zh-hans|阿克苏政府网}}}}
|population_total = 194,473
|population_as_of = 2020
|population_footnotes = [http://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/xinjiang/admin/ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties]
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_density_urban_km2 = auto
|elevation_ft =
|elevation_m =
|timezone = China Standard{{efn|Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.}}
|utc_offset = +8
|website = {{URL|xjxinhe.gov.cn}} {{in lang|zh}}
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
|ibox-order=ug, zh
|s=新和县
|t=新和縣
|w=Hsin¹-ho² Hsien⁴
|p=Xīnhé Xiàn
|s2=托克苏县
|t2=托克蘇縣
|p2=Tuōkèsū Xiàn
|uig=توقسۇ ناھىيىسى
|uly=Toqsu Nahiyisi
|uyy=Toⱪsu Naⱨiyisi
|sgs=Toksu Nahiyisi
|usy=Тоқсу Наһийиси
|order=st
}}
Xinhe County ({{lang-zh|s=新和县}}) as the official romanized name, also formerly known as its Uyghur name Toksu County{{cite web|title=More Arrests in Aksu Blast|author1=Shohret Hoshur|author2=Joshua Lipes|translator=Shohret Tursun |translator2=Luisetta Mudie |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/blast-08232010174828.html|date=23 August 2010|access-date=8 June 2020|website=Radio Free Asia |quote=An official who answered the phone at the Toksu county government office, east of Aksu, denied the bombing existed.}} ({{langx|ug|توقسۇ ناھىيىسى}};{{GEOnet2|4079295DA8022317E0440003BA962ED3|توقسۇ (Variant Non-Roman Script - VS)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency {{lang-zh|c=托克苏县}}), is a county in Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China.
Name
The county's original name Toksu was changed into Xinhe in 1941. "Xinhe" is the abbreviation of "Xinjiang Heping" ({{lang|zh|新疆和平}}), literally "Xinjiang Peace."{{Cite web | url=http://www.xjxinhe.gov.cn/info/1016/6291.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511033555/http://www.xjxinhe.gov.cn/info/1016/6291.htm|archive-date=11 May 2015|language=zh-hans|date=29 April 2014|script-title=zh:历史沿革|website={{lang|zh-hans|新和县人民政府}}|via=Internet Archive}}
History
On October 27, 1930, Toksu County was created from part of Kuqa.
In 1941 or 1944, Toksu County's Chinese character name was changed from 'Tuokesu' County ({{lang|zh-hant|托克蘇縣}}) to 'Xinhe' County ({{lang|zh-hant|新和縣}}).
Administrative divisions
Xinhe County administered 4 towns, 4 townships and 4 other areas:{{cite web |url=http://www.xjxinhe.gov.cn/xhgk/xzqh/index.html |script-title=zh:行政区划 |language=zh-hans|website={{lang|ug|توقسۇ}} {{lang|zh-hans|新和县人民政府}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531105445/http://www.xjxinhe.gov.cn/xhgk/xzqh/index.html|archive-date=31 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020}}{{cite web |url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/xj/21115.html |script-title=zh:新和县历史沿革 |trans-title=Toksu County Historical Development |publisher=XZQH.org |date=30 January 2015|language=zh-hans |access-date=31 May 2019|quote={{lang|zh-hans|2003年，新和县总面积5830.99平方千米，}}}}{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2019/65/29/652925.html |script-title=zh:2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：新和县 |trans-title=2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Toksu City |language=zh-hans |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China |date=2019 |access-date=31 May 2019 |quote={{lang|zh-hans|统计用区划代码 名称 652925100000 新和镇 652925101000 尤鲁都斯巴格镇 652925102000 依其艾日克镇 652925103000 塔什艾日克镇 652925201000 排先拜巴扎乡 652925203000 渭干乡 652925204000 玉奇喀特乡 652925205000 塔木托格拉克乡 652925300000 央塔库都片区管委会乡 652925500000 新和县轻工业园区生活区 652925502000 新和县物流园区生活区 652925503000 新和县新材料园区生活区}}}}
| class="wikitable" align="center" style="width:50%; border="1" |
| Name
! Simplified Chinese ! Hanyu Pinyin ! Uyghur Latin (ULY) ! Administrative division code ! Notes |
|---|
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|Towns |
| ---------
| Toksu Town | {{lang|zh-hans|新和镇}} | {{transliteration|zh|Xīnhé Zhèn}} | {{lang|ug|توقسۇ بازىرى}} | {{transliteration|ug|toqsu baziri}} | 652925100 | |
| Yultuzbaġ Town{{cite book|script-title=zh:西域地名考录|language=zh-hans|date=July 2008|isbn=978-7-5013-3628-9|editor=Zhong Xingqi {{lang|zh-hans|钟兴麒}}|location=Beijing|publisher=国家图书馆出版社|quote={{lang|zh-hans|尤鲁都斯 yóu lǔ dū sī Yultuzbaġ 乡名。新疆新和县尤鲁都斯巴格乡，乡政府驻地在县城西南17公里。1990年叶先巴扎乡为尤鲁都斯巴格乡。}}|page=1125}}
| {{lang|zh-hans|尤鲁都斯巴格镇}} | {{transliteration|zh|Yóulǔdūsībāgé Zhèn}} | {{lang|ug|يۇلتۇزباغ بازىرى}} | {{transliteration|ug|yultuzbagh baziri}} | 652925101 | formerly Yultuzbaġ Township ({{lang|zh-hans|尤鲁都斯巴格乡}}) |
| Icheriq Town
| {{lang|zh-hans|依其艾日克镇}} | {{transliteration|zh|Yīqí'àirìkè Zhèn}} | {{lang|ug|ئىچئېرىق بازىرى}} | {{transliteration|ug|Ich'ëriq baziri}} | 652925102 | formerly Icheriq Township ({{lang|zh-hans|依其艾日克乡}}) |
| Tasheriq Town
| {{lang|zh-hans|塔什艾日克镇}} | {{transliteration|zh|Tǎshí'àirìkè Zhèn}} | {{lang|ug|تاشئېرىق بازىرى}} | {{transliteration|ug|tash'ëriq baziri}} | 652925103 | formerly Tasheriq Township ({{lang|ug|تاشئېرىق يېزىسى}} / {{lang|zh-hans|塔什艾日克乡}}) |
| Payxambabazar Town{{GEOnet2|32FA8864F4A03774E0440003BA962ED3|Payxambabazar (Approved - N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
| {{lang|zh-hans|排先拜巴扎镇}} | {{transliteration|zh|Páixiānbàibāzhā Zhèn}} | {{lang|ug|پەيشەنبەبازار بازىرى}} | {{transliteration|ug|peyshenbebazar baziri}} | 652925104 | formerly Payxambabazar Township ({{lang|ug|پەيشەنبەبازار يېزىسى}} / {{lang|zh-hans|排先拜巴扎乡}}) |
| Üchqat Town
| {{lang|zh-hans|玉奇喀特镇}} | {{transliteration|zh|Yùqíkātè Zhèn}} | {{lang|ug|ئۈچقات بازىرى}} | {{transliteration|ug|Üchqat baziri}} | 652925105 | formerly Üchqat Township ({{lang|ug|ئۈچقات يېزىسى}} / {{lang|zh-hans|玉奇喀特乡}}) |
| ---------
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|Townships |
| ---------
| {{lang|zh-hans|渭干乡}} | {{transliteration|zh|Wèigàn Xiāng}} | {{lang|ug|ئۆگەن يېزىسى}} | {{transliteration|ug|Ögen yëzisi}} | 652925203 | |
| Tamtoghraq Township
| {{lang|zh-hans|塔木托格拉克乡}} | {{transliteration|zh|Tǎmùtuōgélākè Xiāng}} | {{lang|ug|تامتوغراق يېزىسى}} | {{transliteration|ug|tamtoghraq yëzisi}} | 652925205 | |
Climate
{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Xinhe, elevation {{convert|1010|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
|Jan record high C = 7.5 |Jan record low C = -24.0
|Feb record high C = 14.7 |Feb record low C = -24.2
|Mar record high C = 25.5 |Mar record low C = -10.9
|Apr record high C = 34.7 |Apr record low C = -1.7
|May record high C = 35.5 |May record low C = 1.4
|Jun record high C = 37.7 |Jun record low C = 6.7
|Jul record high C = 40.5 |Jul record low C = 10.6
|Aug record high C = 38.6 |Aug record low C = 8.1
|Sep record high C = 35.7 |Sep record low C = 3.6
|Oct record high C = 29.8 |Oct record low C = -4.7
|Nov record high C = 21.2 |Nov record low C = -14.1
|Dec record high C = 9.9 |Dec record low C = -23.6
|year high C = |year low C =
|year high F = |year low F =
|Jan high C = -1.0
|Feb high C = 5.9
|Mar high C = 14.6
|Apr high C = 22.8
|May high C = 27.5
|Jun high C = 31.0
|Jul high C = 32.3
|Aug high C = 31.0
|Sep high C = 26.7
|Oct high C = 19.9
|Nov high C = 10.3
|Dec high C = 0.8
|Jan mean C = -7.4
|Feb mean C = -0.8
|Mar mean C = 7.9
|Apr mean C = 15.9
|May mean C = 20.5
|Jun mean C = 24
|Jul mean C = 25.2
|Aug mean C = 23.9
|Sep mean C = 19.1
|Oct mean C = 11.2
|Nov mean C = 2.6
|Dec mean C = -5.0
|Jan low C = -12.7
|Feb low C = -6.6
|Mar low C = 1.6
|Apr low C = 9.3
|May low C = 13.8
|Jun low C = 17.3
|Jul low C = 18.8
|Aug low C = 17.6
|Sep low C = 12.4
|Oct low C = 4.6
|Nov low C = -2.8
|Dec low C = -9.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 2.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 2.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 1.4
|Apr precipitation mm = 2.7
|May precipitation mm = 8.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 16.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 13.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 11.2
|Sep precipitation mm = 7.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 3.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 3.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 1.7
|Jan humidity = 70
|Feb humidity = 59
|Mar humidity = 45
|Apr humidity = 38
|May humidity = 39
|Jun humidity = 44
|Jul humidity = 49
|Aug humidity = 53
|Sep humidity = 57
|Oct humidity = 60
|Nov humidity = 64
|Dec humidity = 73
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 2.8
|Feb precipitation days = 1.7
|Mar precipitation days = 0.9
|Apr precipitation days = 1.5
|May precipitation days = 2.8
|Jun precipitation days = 6.3
|Jul precipitation days = 7.3
|Aug precipitation days = 6.0
|Sep precipitation days = 3.4
|Oct precipitation days = 1.2
|Nov precipitation days = 1.2
|Dec precipitation days = 2.4
|year precipitation days =
|Jan sun = 177.6
|Feb sun = 193.4
|Mar sun = 225.5
|Apr sun = 247.5
|May sun = 288.0
|Jun sun = 296.5
|Jul sun = 301.9
|Aug sun = 287.1
|Sep sun = 263.5
|Oct sun = 255.5
|Nov sun = 201.2
|Dec sun = 163.4
|year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 59
| Feb percentsun = 63
| Mar percentsun = 60
| Apr percentsun = 61
| May percentsun = 64
| Jun percentsun = 65
| Jul percentsun = 66
| Aug percentsun = 68
| Sep percentsun = 72
| Oct percentsun = 76
| Nov percentsun = 69
| Dec percentsun = 58
| year percentsun =
|Jan snow days = 5.1
|Feb snow days = 2.0
|Mar snow days = 0.4
|Apr snow days = 0.2
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 1.2
|Dec snow days = 4.8
|year snow days =
|source 1 = China Meteorological Administration{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =10 October 2023}}
}}
Economy
The economy is based on agriculture and also animal husbandry. The county produces wheat, corn, rice, cotton and melons as well as Parthian fennel and thin-shelled walnuts. Industries include wool-spinning, knitting, and carpet making.{{cite book|editor1=夏征农|editor2=陈至立|script-title=zh:辞海：第六版彩图本 |trans-title=Cihai (Sixth Edition in Color) |date=September 2009|location=上海. Shanghai|publisher=上海辞书出版社. Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House.|isbn=978-7-5326-2859-9| language=zh|page=2542|quote={{lang|zh-hans|1944年改新和县{...}5831平方千米}}}}
Demographics
{{Historical populations
|type=China
|percentages = pagr
|2000|139806
|2010|172064
|}}
As of 2015, 184,399 of the 195,920 residents of the county were Uyghur, 10,901 were Han Chinese and 620 were from other ethnic groups.{{cite web |url= http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2016xjtjnj/rkjy/201707/t20170714_539450.html |script-title= zh:3-7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 |language=zh-hans|publisher={{lang|ug|شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى}} {{lang|zh-hans|新疆维吾尔自治区统计局}} Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region |access-date= 2017-09-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171011101904/http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2016xjtjnj/rkjy/201707/t20170714_539450.html |archive-date= 2017-10-11 |url-status=live }}
{{citation needed span|According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 140,000.|date=June 2020}}
As of 1999, 95.01% of the population of the county were Uyghur and 4.81% of the population was Han Chinese.{{cite book |title=Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers |publisher=University of Washington Press|date=2004 |url=https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/bitstream/handle/1773/44961/9780295804057.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y |isbn=0-295-98390-6|editor=Morris Rossabi |page=179}}
Transportation
Xinhe is served by the Southern Xinjiang Railway.
Historical maps
Historical English-language maps including Toksu/Xinhe:
File:A-k`o-su NK-44 (1950) - panoramio.jpg|Map including Hsin-ho (Torpak Bazar) and surrounding region from the International Map of the World (AMS, 1950){{efn|From map: "THE DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES ON THIS MAP MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE"}}
File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 f-6c.jpg|Map including Xinhe (DMA, 1981)
File:Operational Navigation Chart F-6, 6th edition.jpg|From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Hsin-ho (Toksu) (DMA, 1985){{efn|From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."}}
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Xinjiang Administrative Divisions}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:County-level divisions of Xinjiang
Category:Long stubs with short prose
{{Xinjiang-geo-stub}}