Y. S. Rao
{{short description|Microwave remote sensing specialist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Y. S. Rao
| native_name = యలమంచిలి సుబ్రహ్మణ్యేశ్వర రావు
| image = Ysrao2022.jpg
| birth_date =
| birth_place = Garikaparru, India
| citizenship = India
| nationality = Indian
| website = http://www.csre.iitb.ac.in/ysrao
| fields = Radar remote sensing
| workplaces = IIT Bombay
| alma_mater = Andhra University
IIT Bombay
| thesis_year = 1992
| known_for = Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry, Satellite crop monitoring, Soil moisture
}}
Dr. Y. S. Rao (Yalamanchili Subrahmanyewara Rao) is a professor at the Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.{{Cite web|url=http://www.csre.iitb.ac.in/faculty.php|title=Faculty {{!}} Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering (CSRE), IIT Bombay}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.csre.iitb.ac.in/ysrao/|title=Y.S.Rao's Homepage|website=www.csre.iitb.ac.in|access-date=2019-02-07}}{{Cite web|url=http://mrslab.in/people|title=People-MRSLab}} He has been working in the field of microwave remote sensing and land-based applications for more than four decades.{{Cite web|url=http://www.csre.iitb.ac.in/ysrao/ysrao_resume.pdf|title=Yalamanchili Subrahmanyeswara Rao}} His early research focused on the use of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry for landslides and land deformation monitoring, Digital Elevation Model generation, and snow and glacier monitoring. He has also been actively involved in developing several techniques for soil moisture estimation using passive and active microwave remote sensing data for more than 25 years. His current research involves SAR Polarimetry for crop characterization, classification, and biophysical parameter retrieval using linear and compact-pol{{Cite journal|last=Raney|first=R.K.|date=Winter 2007|title=Hybrid-Polarity SAR Architecture|journal=IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing|volume=45|issue=11|pages=3397–3404|doi=10.1109/tgrs.2007.895883|issn=0196-2892|bibcode=2007ITGRS..45.3397R|s2cid=14851919 }} SAR data. Apart from applications, he has also contributed to the field of Polarimetric SAR system calibration and software tool development.{{Cite web|url=https://earth.esa.int/web/polsarpro/overview/contacts-and-acknowledgement|title=Contacts and Acknowledgement {{!}} PolSARpro {{!}} ESA|website=earth.esa.int|access-date=2019-02-07}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235698451|title=Software Development for Polarimetric SAR Data Processing: PolSDP|website=ResearchGate|language=en|access-date=2019-02-07}}
Education
Rao received the M.Sc. degree in physics from Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India, in 1982, and the Ph.D. degree in passive microwave remote sensing of soil moisture from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Mumbai, India, in 1992.{{Cite web|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37271658500|title=Yalamanchili S. Rao|website=IEEE|access-date=2019-02-07}}
Professional career
He joined the Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, in 1985, as a senior research assistant and then became a research scientist in 1999. During 2005–2009, he was a senior research scientist and then associate professor from 2009 to 2014. He is currently a professor since 2015. He was engaged in both passive and active microwave remote sensing for several applications viz. soil moisture,{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.1991.579166|isbn=978-0879426750|chapter=Model for the Retrieval of Soil Moisture and Surface Roughness Parameters from Multifrequency Backscattering Coefficients|title=[Proceedings] IGARSS'91 Remote Sensing: Global Monitoring for Earth Management|volume=2|pages=397–400|year=1991|last1=Rae|first1=K.S.|last2=Raju|first2=S.|last3=Rao|first3=Y.S.|s2cid=62264358 }}{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.1991.579998|isbn=978-0879426750|chapter=Efficiency of 1.4 and 2.7 GHZ Radiometers Data for the Retrieval of Soil Moisture Profile|title=[Proceedings] IGARSS'91 Remote Sensing: Global Monitoring for Earth Management|volume=2|pages=765–768|year=1991|last1=Ijjas|first1=G.|last2=Rao|first2=K.S.|last3=Rao|first3=Y.S.|s2cid=62102635 }}{{Cite journal|last1=IJJAS|first1=G.|last2=RAO|first2=Y. S.|date=Winter 1992|title=Passive microwave remote sensing of soil moisture from aircraft in Hungary|journal=International Journal of Remote Sensing|volume=13|issue=3|pages=471–479|doi=10.1080/01431169208904050|issn=0143-1161|bibcode=1992IJRS...13..471I}}{{Cite journal|last1=Rao|first1=K. S.|last2=Narasimha Rao|first2=P. V.|last3=Subrahmanyeswara Rao|first3=Y.|last4=Chandra|first4=Girish|last5=Suresh Raju|first5=C.|last6=Bapat|first6=M. V.|date=Fall 1988|title=A study on the effect of the soil texture on passive microwave remote sensing|journal=Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing|volume=16|issue=3|pages=55–63|doi=10.1007/bf02998739|bibcode=1988JISRS..16...55R |s2cid=129417213 |issn=0255-660X}}{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.2006.770|isbn=978-0780395107|chapter=Soil Moisture Mapping over India using Aqua AMSR-E Derived Soil Moisutre Product|title=2006 IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing|pages=2999–3002|year=2006|last1=Rao|first1=Y.|last2=Sharma|first2=S.|last3=Garg|first3=V.|last4=Venkataraman|first4=G.|s2cid=39047996 |chapter-url=http://dspace.library.iitb.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10054/1675}} flood mapping,{{Cite journal|last1=Rao|first1=Y. S.|last2=Sharma|first2=Sonika|date=2006-12-01|title=Monitoring of flood over Gujarat region using AQUA AMSR-E derived surface soil moisture|journal=Disaster Forewarning Diagnostic Methods and Management|volume=6412|pages=641208|publisher=SPIE|doi=10.1117/12.697525|bibcode=2006SPIE.6412E..08R|s2cid=140672195 |editor1-last=Kogan|editor1-first=Felix|editor2-last=Habib|editor2-first=Shahid|editor3-last=Hegde|editor3-first=V. S|editor4-last=Matsuoka|editor4-first=Masashi}} and crop inventory mapping.{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.2017.8127130|isbn=9781509049516|chapter=Hybrid and dual linear polarimetric RISAT-1 SAR data for classification assessment|title=2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)|pages=1028–1031|year=2017|last1=Kumar|first1=Vineet|last2=Mandal|first2=Dipankar|last3=Rao|first3=Y. S.|last4=Meadows|first4=Peter|s2cid=31775525 }}{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.2013.6723605|isbn=9781479911141|chapter=Comparative analysis of classification accuracy for RISAT-1 compact polarimetric data for various land-covers|title=2013 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - IGARSS|pages=3586–3589|year=2013|last1=Turkar|first1=Varsha|last2=De|first2=Shaunak|last3=Rao|first3=Y. S.|last4=Shitole|first4=Sanjay|last5=Bhattacharya|first5=Avik|last6=Das|first6=Anup|s2cid=39185190 }} He has participated in several space borne campaigns for collecting synchronous ground-truth data and has experience in handling various data set for several applications of cryosphere,{{Cite book|last1=Rao|first1=Y. S.|last2=Venkataraman|first2=G.|last3=Singh|first3=G.|title=Microwave Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere and Environment V |chapter=ENVISAT-ASAR data analysis for snow cover mapping over Gangotri region |series=SPIE Conference Series |date=2006-12-01|volume=6410|pages=641007|publisher=SPIE|doi=10.1117/12.693845|bibcode=2006SPIE.6410E..07R|s2cid=129109511 |editor1-last=Valinia|editor1-first=Azita|editor2-last=Uratsuka|editor2-first=Seiho|editor3-last=Misra|editor3-first=Tapan}}{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.2006.184|isbn=978-0780395107|chapter=Analysis of Aqua AMSR-E Derived Snow Water Equivalent over Himalayan Snow Covered Regions|title=2006 IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing|pages=702–705|year=2006|last1=Kumar|first1=V.|last2=Rao|first2=Y.|last3=Venkataraman|first3=G.|last4=Sarwade|first4=R.|last5=Snehmani|s2cid=1583994 |chapter-url=http://dspace.library.iitb.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10054/1677}}{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.2004.1368612|isbn=978-0780387423|chapter=SAR interferometry for DEM generation and movement of Indian glaciers|title=IEEE International IEEE International IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2004. IGARSS '04. Proceedings. 2004|volume=2|pages=1128–1131|year=2004|last1=y.s. Rao|first1=G. Venkataraman|s2cid=30338062 }}{{Citation|last=Rao|first=Y. S.|chapter=Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometry for Glacier Movement Studies|date=2011|pages=1133–1142|publisher=Springer Netherlands|isbn=9789048126415|doi=10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_618|title=Encyclopedia of Snow, Ice and Glaciers|series=Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series}} agriculture,{{Cite journal|last1=Kumar|first1=Vineet|last2=McNairn|first2=Heather|last3=Bhattacharya|first3=Avik|last4=Rao|first4=Yalamanchili Subrahmanyeswara|date=2017|title=Temporal Response of Scattering From Crops for Transmitted Ellipticity Variation in Simulated Compact-Pol SAR Data|journal=IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing|volume=10|issue=12|pages=5163–5174|doi=10.1109/jstars.2017.2757041|issn=1939-1404|bibcode=2017IJSTA..10.5163K|s2cid=35935745 }}{{Cite journal|last1=Mandal|first1=Dipankar|last2=Kumar|first2=Vineet|last3=Bhattacharya|first3=Avik|last4=Rao|first4=Yalamanchili Subrahmanyeswara|last5=Siqueira|first5=Paul|last6=Bera|first6=Soumen|date=2018|title=Sen4Rice: A Processing Chain for Differentiating Early and Late Transplanted Rice Using Time-Series Sentinel-1 SAR Data With Google Earth Engine|journal=IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters|volume=15|issue=12|pages=1947–1951|doi=10.1109/lgrs.2018.2865816|issn=1545-598X|bibcode=2018IGRSL..15.1947M|s2cid=56172393 }} soil moisture,{{Cite journal |last=Bhogapurapu |first=Narayanarao |last2=Dey |first2=Subhadip |last3=Mandal |first3=Dipankar |last4=Bhattacharya |first4=Avik |last5=Karthikeyan |first5=L. |last6=McNairn |first6=Heather |last7=Rao |first7=Y. S. |date=2022-03-15 |title=Soil moisture retrieval over croplands using dual-pol L-band GRD SAR data |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034425722000141 |journal=Remote Sensing of Environment |volume=271 |pages=112900 |doi=10.1016/j.rse.2022.112900 |issn=0034-4257}}{{Cite journal |last=Bhogapurapu |first=Narayanarao |last2=Dey |first2=Subhadip |last3=Homayouni |first3=Saeid |last4=Bhattacharya |first4=Avik |last5=Rao |first5=Y. S. |date=2022-12-15 |title=Field-scale soil moisture estimation using sentinel-1 GRD SAR data |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0273117722002058 |journal=Advances in Space Research |series=Advances in Spaceborne SAR Remote Sensing for Characterization of Natural and Manmade Features - Part 2 |volume=70 |issue=12 |pages=3845–3858 |doi=10.1016/j.asr.2022.03.019 |issn=0273-1177}} and water-resources.{{Cite journal|last1=Ponnurangam|first1=G. G.|last2=Jagdhuber|first2=Thomas|last3=Hajnsek|first3=Irena|last4=Rao|first4=Y. S.|date=2016|title=Soil Moisture Estimation Using Hybrid Polarimetric SAR Data of RISAT-1|journal=IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing|volume=54|issue=4|pages=2033–2049|doi=10.1109/tgrs.2015.2494860|issn=0196-2892|bibcode=2016ITGRS..54.2033P|s2cid=7932702 }}{{Cite journal|last1=Ponnurangam|first1=G. G.|last2=Rao|first2=Y. S.|date=2017-05-22|title=Evaluation of different orientation angle distributions within the X-Bragg scattering model for bare soil moisture estimation|journal=International Journal of Remote Sensing|volume=38|issue=15|pages=4379–4395|doi=10.1080/01431161.2017.1320447|issn=0143-1161|bibcode=2017IJRS...38.4379P|s2cid=134834334 }} His current research interests include application of polarimetry for geophysical parameter retrieval{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.2018.8518700|isbn=9781538671504|chapter=Crop Biophysical Parameters Estimation with a Multi-Target Inversion Scheme using the Sentinel-1 SAR Data|title=IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium|pages=6611–6614|year=2018|last1=Mandal|first1=Dipankar|last2=Kumar|first2=Vineet|last3=Bhattacharya|first3=A.|last4=Rao|first4=Y. S.|last5=McNairn|first5=Heather|s2cid=53231047 }} and SAR interferometry for DEM{{Cite journal|last1=Deo|first1=Rinki|last2=Rossi|first2=Cristian|last3=Eineder|first3=Michael|last4=Fritz|first4=Thomas|last5=Rao|first5=Y. S.|date=2015|title=Framework for Fusion of Ascending and Descending Pass TanDEM-X Raw DEMs|journal=IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing|volume=8|issue=7|pages=3347–3355|doi=10.1109/jstars.2015.2431433|issn=1939-1404|bibcode=2015IJSTA...8.3347D|s2cid=35278122 |url=https://elib.dlr.de/97813/1/FrameworkforFusionofAscendingandDescending.pdf}}{{Cite journal|last1=Rao|first1=Y. S.|last2=Deo|first2=R.|last3=Nalini|first3=J.|last4=Pillai|first4=A. M.|last5=Muralikrishnan|first5=S.|last6=Dadhwal|first6=V. K.|date=2014-11-27|title=Quality assessment of TanDEM-X DEMs using airborne LiDAR, photogrammetry and ICESat elevation data|journal=ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences|volume=II-8|pages=187–192|doi=10.5194/isprsannals-ii-8-187-2014|issn=2194-9050|bibcode=2014ISPAn.II8..187R|doi-access=free}} and land deformation.{{Cite book |doi=10.1109/igarss.2018.8519072|isbn=9781538671504|chapter=Deformation of Bhuj Earthquake Area Obtained with Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Analysis of Alos L-Band Sar Data|title=IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium|pages=513–516|year=2018|last1=Vaka|first1=Divya Sekhar|last2=Rao|first2=Y. S.|s2cid=53231271 }}
He is actively involved in teaching several courses including Principles of Remote Sensing, Microwave Remote Sensing, Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Advanced Concepts in Polarimetric SAR Data Analysis for M.Tech. and Ph.D. students for the last 12 years. He is also invited for lectures/training programs in several Institutes/Universities. He has conducted numerous training programmes for Indians on SAR and InSAR related activities as a member of task group, and also organized international programmes with the help of DLR Germany, CNES France and University of Cape Town, South Africa.
He supervises doctoral and masters research on both PolSAR and InSAR applications. Dr. Rao is the principal and co-principal investigator of numerous projects sponsored by European Space Agency (ESRIN/ESA); German Aerospace Centre (DLR); the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India; Snow & Avalanche Study Estt (SASE), Defence Electronics Application Laboratory (DEAL), Electronics and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE)- Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Government of India; Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO); Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering & Research (SAMEER), Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India; and GEOGLAM-JECAM SAR Inter-Comparison Experiment. He has authored more than 100 scientific publications in refereed international-national journals and conference proceedings.{{citation needed|date=May 2019}}