Yamben language
{{short description|Trans–New Guinea language}}
{{for|the Croisilles language with the same name|Yaben language}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Yamben
| altname = Yaben
| nativename =
| ethnicity =
| region = Yambarik village, Sumgilbar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea
| speakers =
| date =
| familycolor = Papuan
| fam1 = Trans–New Guinea
| fam2 = Madang
| fam3 = Central
| glotto = yamb1257
| glottorefname = Yamben
| iso3 = ynb
}}
Yamben, also spelled Yaben, is a Trans–New Guinea language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. It was first documented by Andrew Pick in the 2010s and classified by Pick (2019) as a probable primary branch of Madang, though its precise classification is still pending further research.{{cite journal |last=Pick |first=Andrew |date=2019 |title=Yamben: A previously undocumented language of Madang |url=http://indoling.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/9/files/sites/9/2019/03/Pick.pdf |journal=5th Workshop on the Languages of Papua |location=Universitas Negeri Papua, Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia}} Although surrounded by Croisilles languages, Yamben is not one of them.
Yamben (Yaben) was not previously noticed by other scholars due to confusion with the nearby language of the same name.
Yamben is spoken in the single village of Yambarik ({{coord|-4.771029|145.570102|type:city_region:PG|name=Yambrik}}) in Imbab ward, Sumgilbar Rural LLG, and is reachable via a few hours' hike into the Adelbert Mountains from Tokain village.{{cite web |url=https://data.humdata.org/dataset/village-coordinates-lookup |title=Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup |author=United Nations in Papua New Guinea |work=Humanitarian Data Exchange |version=1.31.9 |date=2018}}{{cite journal |last=Pick |first=Andrew |date=2019 |title=Gildipasi language project: tumbuna stories and tumbuna knowledge |url=https://elar.soas.ac.uk/Collection/MPI1234836 |journal=Endangered Languages Archive at SOAS, University of London}}
Phonology
Unlike other languages belonging to the Madang branch, Yamben has a palatal nasal consonant (/ɲ/) and a labialized velar consonant (also called "labiovelar") series.
Basic vocabulary
Basic vocabulary in Yamben and nearby Croisilles languages:
:
class="wikitable sortable" | |||||
man | {{lang|ngf|dambu}} | {{lang|ybm|munanu}} | {{lang|mkr|munu}} | {{lang|dmc|mur}} | {{lang|buq|mamunden}} |
name | buɲim | uɲim(u) | unim | vin | unim |
fire | aŋgaji | muta | andup | akut | munduv |
tree | aŋgan | namu | mundu | ŋam | wam |
louse | aŋgun | gunu | gunu | igun | gun |
bird | akiem | malʌgwanu | nambe | liweŋ | munuŋgan |
house | mʷan | muɲi | amun | kaven | amun |
tooth | ananji | nʌna | nanaŋ | anek | nanaŋ |
head | kumu | tazi | kumu | daut | sa |
eye | mambudum | magiɲo | musaŋ | mek | muaŋ |