Yarrow Later M-class destroyer
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
| {{Infobox ship begin|sclass=2}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image= A Destroyer Torpedoed. (hms Ullswater) Art.IWMART1351.jpg |Ship caption= A painting of the sinking of {{HMS|Ulleswater|1917|6}} by Charles Pears }} {{Infobox ship class overview |Name= |Builders= |Operators={{navy|United Kingdom}} |Class before={{sclass2|Yarrow M|destroyer|4}} |Class after= |Subclasses= |Cost= |Built range=1915–1917 |In service range= |In commission range=1916–1938 |Total ships building= |Total ships planned= |Total ships completed=7 |Total ships cancelled= |Total ships active= |Total ships laid up= |Total ships lost=3 |Total ships retired= |Total ships preserved= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type=Destroyer |Ship displacement=*{{convert|897|LT|t|0|lk=in}} light
|Ship length={{convert|273|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} |Ship beam= {{convert|25|ft|7.5|in|m|abbr=on|2}} |Ship draught= {{convert|9|ft|1|in|m|abbr=on}} |Ship propulsion=*3 × Yarrow-type boilers
|Ship speed= {{convert|36|kn|mph km/h|lk=in}} |Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship complement=82 |Ship sensors= |Ship EW= |Ship armament=*3 × QF 4-inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII, mounting P Mk.IX
|Ship armour= |Ship notes= }} |
The Yarrow Later M class were a class of seven destroyers built for the Royal Navy that saw service during World War I. They were sometimes described as the Yarrow R class of destroyers, although they lacked the geared steam turbines of their sisters. The design was based on the preceding and successful Yarrow M class with minor alterations; notably reduced beam to compensate for increased displacement and a sloping stern. They were armed with three single QF 4 inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII guns and four torpedo tubes for British 21 inch torpedo. Three of the class were sunk during the war in enemy action, two by German U-boats and one by the German light cruisers {{SMS|Bremse||2}} and {{SMS|Brummer||2}}. Of the four that survived, two were sold to be broken up on the same day in 1926, one the following year and the last in 1939.
Design and development
As the First World War progressed, the Royal Navy required more, and more modern, warships. In July 1915 and March 1916, the British Admiralty ordered seven vessels from Yarrow Shipbuilders as part of a wider order of {{sclass2|R|destroyer|||1916}}s.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=310}} The R class was generally similar to the preceding M class, but differed in, primarily, in having geared steam turbines.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=326}} The Yarrow-built ships differed in retaining the direct drive turbines of the M class and are therefore often called the Yarrow Later M class as well as the Yarrow R class.{{sfn|Parkes|Prendergast|1969|page=106}} They were similar to the preceding {{sclass2|Yarrow M|destroyer|4}} but distinguished by their greater tonnage, narrower beam and sloping sterns.{{sfn|Cocker|1981|page=39}}
The destroyers had a length of {{convert|273|ft|6|in|m|1|abbr=on}} overall, with a beam of {{convert|25|ft|7.5|in|m|1|abbr=on}} and draught of {{convert|9|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}. Displacement was {{convert|897|LT|t|0|lk=in}} light and {{convert|930|LT|t|lk=on}} normal. Power was provided by three Yarrow boilers feeding Parsons direct-drive steam turbines rated at {{convert|27000|shp|kW|lk=on}}. The turbines drove two shafts and exhausted through two funnels. Design speed was {{convert|36|kn}}.{{sfn|Preston|1985|page=76}} The destroyers carried between {{convert|200|and|250|t}} of fuel oil that gave a design range of {{convert|1860|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|20|kn}}.{{sfn|March|1966|page=151}} They had a complement of 82 officers and ratings.{{sfn|Preston|1985|page=76}}
The ships had a main armament consisting of three single QF 4 inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII guns on the centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft and one between the middle and aft funnels. Torpedo armament consisted of two twin torpedo tubes for British 21 inch torpedo located aft of the funnels. A QF 2 pounder naval gun anti-aircraft gun was carried.{{sfn|Preston|1985|pages=81}} The destroyers were also fitted with racks and storage for depth charges.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=151}} Initially, only two depth charges were carried but the number increased in service and by 1918, the vessels still in service were carrying between 30 and 50 depth charges.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=152}}
Ships
Four vessels were ordered in July 1915:{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=157}}
- {{HMS|Sabrina|1916|2}} – Laid down August 1915, launched 24 July 1916, completed September 1916.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=310}} Sold for breaking up 5 November 1926.{{sfn|Colledge|Warlow|2006|page=303}}
- {{HMS|Strongbow|1916|2}} – Launched 30 September 1916 and completed late 1916.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=310}} Sunk by gunfire from German light cruisers {{SMS|Bremse||2}} and {{SMS|Brummer||2}} off Norway, 17 October 1917.{{sfn|Kemp|1999|page=57}}
- {{HMS|Surprise|1916|2}} – Launched 25 November 1916 and completed 1916, torpedoed and sunk by German U-boat off Maas light ship on night of 22 December/23 December 1917.{{sfn|Kemp|1999|page=61}}
- {{HMS|Sybille|1917|2}} – Laid down August 1915, launched 5 February 1917, completed February 1917.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=310}} Sold for breaking up 5 November 1926.{{sfn|Colledge|Warlow|2006|page=321}}
Three vessels were ordered in March 1916:{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=158}}
- {{HMS|Truculent|1917|2}} – Laid down March 1916, launched 24 March 1917, completed May 1917.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=310}} Sold for breaking up 29 April 1927.{{sfn|Colledge|Warlow|2006|page=361}}
- {{HMS|Tyrant|1917|2}} – Laid down March 1916, launched 19 May 1917, completed July 1917.{{sfn|Friedman|2009|page=310}} Sold for breaking up 15 January 1939.{{sfn|Colledge|Warlow|2006|page=363}}
- {{HMS|Ulleswater|1917|2}} – Launched 4 August 1917 and completed 1917, torpedoed and sunk by German U-boat UC-17 off Dutch coast 15 August 1918.{{sfn|Kemp|1999|page=79}}
Citations
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book | last=Cocker | first=Maurice | title=Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893–1981 | location=London | publisher=Ian Allan | year=1981 | isbn=978-0-71101-075-8 | url=https://archive.org/details/destroyersofroya0000cock}}
- {{cite book | last1=Colledge | first1=James Joseph | first2=Ben | last2=Warlow | title=Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of All Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy | location=London | publisher=Chatham Press | year=2006 | isbn=978-1-93514-907-1 | author-link1=J. J. Colledge}}
- {{cite book | last=Friedman | first=Norman | title=British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War | year=2009 | publisher=Seaforth Publishing | location=Barnsley | isbn=978-1-84832-049-9 | author-link=Norman Friedman}}
- {{cite book | last=Kemp | first=Paul | title=The Admiralty Regrets: British Warship Losses of the 20th Century | location=Stroud | publisher=Sutton | year=1999 | isbn=978-0-75091-567-0 | url=https://archive.org/details/admiraltyregrets0000kemp}}
- {{cite book | last=March | first=Edgar J. | title=British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans | location=London | publisher=Seeley Service | year=1966 | oclc=164893555}}
- {{cite book | last1=Parkes | first1=Oscar | last2=Prendergast | first2=Maurice | title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1919 | publisher=David & Charles | location=Newton Abbott | year=1969 | oclc=907574860}}
- {{cite book | last=Preston | first=Antony | author-link=Antony Preston | chapter=Great Britain and Empire Forces | pages=1–104 | editor1-last=Gardiner | editor1-first=Robert | editor2-last=Gray | editor2-first=Randal | title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 | publisher=Conway Maritime Press | location=London | year=1985 | isbn=978-0-85177-245-5}}
{{M class destroyers}}
{{WWI British ships}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yarrow Later M Class Destroyer}}
M class destroyer Yarrow Later