Yavoriv

The town was first mentioned in written documents in 1436. It received Magdeburg rights in 1569, from Polish King Sigismund II Augustus. Jaworów was a royal town of Poland. It was a favorite residence of king John III Sobieski. In 1675 John III signed the Polish-French Treaty of Jaworów in the town,{{cite web|url=https://historykon.pl/kalendarium-historyczne/11-czerwca-1675-roku-krol-polski-jan-iii-sobieski-i-ambasador-krola-francji-ludwika-xiv-podpisali-tajny-traktat-w-jaworowie|title=11 czerwca 1675 roku król Polski Jan III Sobieski i ambasador króla Francji Ludwika XIV podpisali tajny traktat w Jaworowie|website=Historykon|access-date=25 October 2020|language=pl}} and there he also received the congratulations from the Pope on his success against the Turks at Vienna (1683),{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Jaworów|volume=15 |page=294}} and ratified the formation of the Holy League alliance in 1684.{{cite book|last=Żygulski jun.|first=Zdzisław|year=1994|title=Odsiecz Wiednia 1683|language=pl|location=Kraków|publisher=Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza|page=60}} In 1711, Francis II Rákóczi, Hungarian national hero who found refuge in Poland after the fall of the Rákóczi's War of Independence against Austria, visited the town.{{cite book|author= |title=Z Bogiem za ojczyznę i wolność – o Franciszku II Rakoczym bohaterze Węgier|year=2016|language=pl|publisher=Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie|location=Warszawa|page=31|isbn=978-83-62235-88-9}}

Until the First Partition of Poland, Jaworów was an important center of commerce, located along main merchant route from Jarosław to Lwów. In 1772 it was annexed by the Habsburg Empire, and included within newly formed Austrian Galicia, where it remained until late 1918. In Galicia, it was the seat of a county, with the population of almost 11,000 (Poles, Jews, Ukrainians and Czechs).

File:Jaworów. Widok z wieży.jpg

In the immediate post-World War I period, the area of Jaworów witnessed fights of the Polish-Ukrainian War. After the war, the town became part of the Second Polish Republic, where it remained until the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II, in September 1939. The Jews of the village were merchants or artisans. There was a synagogue.

During the invasion of Poland, on 14-16 September 1939, Poles defeated invading Germans in the Battle of Jaworów. Despite the victory, the town soon fell to the Soviets, and was under Soviet occupation from 1939 to 1941, and then under German occupation until 1944.

The Jewish population before the German occupation on 26 June 1941 was around 3000.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} Several hundred Jews were sent to local forced labor camps or to the Belzec extermination camp.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} A few were transferred to a labour camp in Lviv.{{Cite web|url=http://yahadmap.org/#village/yavoriv-lviv-ukraine.347|title = Yahad - in Unum}}{{better citation|date=March 2022}}

In 1944 the town was re-occupied by the Soviets, and in 1945 it was eventually annexed from Poland by the Soviet Union.

After the war, the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission reported that more than 4900 people, most of them Jews, had been killed in Yavoriv, in addition to those sent to Bełżec. Only about 20 of the town's Jews were thought to have survived.{{cite book |last1=Megargee |first1=Geoffrey |title=Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos |date=2012 |publisher=University of Indiana Press |location=Bloomington, Indiana |isbn=978-0-253-35599-7 |page=Volume II 784-686}}

On 27 May 1947 the UPA blew up the statue of Lenin.{{Citation|author = Grzegorz Motyka |title = Ukraińska partyzantka 1942-1960 |year = 2006 |isbn = 83-88490-58-3 |location = Warsaw |publisher = Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN |page = 518 |oclc = 838973434|language=pl}}

In the decades between the 1960s and 1990s the town was a sulphur mining centre;{{Citation|author = Grzegorz Rąkowski |title = Ziemia Lwowska. Przewodnik po Ukrainie Zachodniej. Część III |year = 2007 |isbn = 978-83-89188-66-3 |location = Pruszków |publisher = Rewasz |page = 506-511 |oclc = 189428719|language = pl}} excavation pits and degenerated lands remain between Yavoriv and Novoiavorivsk.

On 10 December 1991 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union it became part of Ukraine.

On 13 March 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Russians bombed the military base in Yavoriv. A Russian defence military spokesperson, Maj. Gen. Igor Konashenkov, claimed the attack killed up to 180 foreign mercenaries.[https://www.timesofisrael.com/russia-claims-missile-strike-in-western-ukraine-killed-180-foreign-mercenaries/ Russia claims to kill ‘180 foreign mercenaries’ in strike on western Ukraine] (The Times of Israel, 13 March 2022, 8:23 pm) The Ukrainian side claimed there were at least 35 dead and 134 injured.{{citation|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-60728208|title= Ukraine war: 'Sky turned red' as missiles hit Lviv military base|author=Hugo Bachega|publisher= BBC News |location = Yavoriv, Ukraine|date=13 March 2022}}{{citation|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/13/russia-widens-attacks-on-ukraine-with-missile-strike-on-base-close-to-polish-border|title=Russia targets Ukrainian military base near Polish border in escalation|work= The Guardian|author1=Luke Harding|author2=Peter Beaumont|author3=Lorenzo Tondo |location=Yavoriv & Lviv|date=13 March 2022}}{{citation|url=https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/rakiety-spadly-przy-polskiej-granicy-zaatakowano-poligon-w-jaworowie-6746775644715584a|date=13 March 2022|author=Hubert Ossowski|title=Rakiety spadły przy polskiej granicy. Zaatakowano poligon w Jaworowie|language=pl|publisher=Wirtualna Polska}} The attack was heard in neighbouring Poland.{{citation|url=https://www.onet.pl/informacje/onetrzeszow/wojna-w-ukrainie-atak-na-poligon-kolo-lwowa-byl-slyszalny-w-polsce/p5q1ej2,79cfc278|date=13 March 2022|author=PAP|publisher=onet.pl|title=Atak na poligon koło Lwowa był słyszalny w Polsce|language=pl|location=Rzeszów}}

{{Historical populations|align=right|1921|8910|1931|10690|2022|12785

|source={{cite book|author=|title=Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego|volume=X|year=1932|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Główny Urząd Statystyczny|page=141}}}}

Distribution of the population by ethnicity according to the 2001 census:

{{bar box|title=Ethnic composition of Yavoriv|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars={{bar percent|Ukrainians|dodgerblue|96.54}}

{{bar percent|Russians|purple|2.66}}

{{bar percent|Poles|yellow|0.24}}

{{bar percent|Belarusians|red|0.23}}

{{bar percent|Armenians|brown|0.08}}}} {{Cite web |title=Національний склад міст |url=https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/ethnic-cities |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=Datatowel.in.ua |language=uk}}

Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:{{cite web | lang=uk | url=https://socialdata.org.ua/projects/mova-2001/ | title=Рідні мови в об'єднаних територіальних громадах України}}

Among notable people born here are the Russian Orthodox Stefan Yavorsky (1658–1722), an archbishop and the first president of the Most Holy Synod; the poet Osyp Makovei (1867–1925), the Polish literary historian, editor and bibliographer Ludwik Bernacki (1882–1939) the bishop Vasyl Tuchapets of the newly created Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. Władysław Langner (General of the Polish Army), Stanisław Nowakowski (president of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association), and mathematician Wawrzyniec Żmurko. Noted Jewish commentator Rabbi David Altschuler was born or served as rabbi at the local synagogue.{{Citation |title=David Altschuler |date=2021-12-18 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Altschuler&oldid=1060854645 |work=Wikipedia |language=en |access-date=2022-03-02}}{{Cite web |title=ALTSCHUL, ALTSCHULER, ALTSCHUELER - JewishEncyclopedia.com |url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1335-altschul-altschuler-altschueler |access-date=2022-03-02 |website=www.jewishencyclopedia.com}}

File:15 Lvivska Street, Yavoriv (03).jpg|Lvivska Street

File:Saints Peter and Paul church, Yavoriv (02).jpg|Saints Peter and Paul Church

File:7 Market Square, Yavoriv (01).jpg|People's House

File:Javoriv-1.jpg|Town center

File:ВП яворов рождества богородицы.jpg|Wooden church of Nativity of the Theotokos

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Ukraine}}

Yavoriv is twinned with:

{{Clear}}

File:Yavoriv panorama.jpg

• Battle of Jaworow

{{Reflist}}

• [http://data.jewishgen.org/wconnect/wc.dll?jg~jgsys~shtetm~-1059578 Yavoriv, Ukraine]
• [http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=11.07.2008&rf7571=21489 Official Website Statistics]
• [http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0021_0_21219.html Yavorov Jewish History]

{{Lviv Oblast}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cities in Lviv Oblast

Category:Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine

Category:Cities of district significance in Ukraine

Category:Holocaust locations in Ukraine

Category:Yavoriv Raion