Ye (kana)

{{SpecialChars|image=Hiragana I 01.svg|compact=|special=Hentaigana characters|fix=Help:Multilingual_support|characters=Hentaigana}}

{{Expand Japanese|や行え|date=August 2021}}

{{short description|Character of the Japanese writing system}}

{{infobox

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|image = {{aligned table|fullwidth=y|width1=50%|width2=50%

| hiragana
File:Hiragana E 01.svg

| katakanaTraditional kana
File:Japanese Katakana kyokashotai E.svg

|

| alternate katakanaConstructed in Edo period–Meiji period
File:Katakana_obsolete_ye.svg

}}

|label2 = transliteration

|data2 = e, ye

|label3 = translit. with dakuten

|data3 = {{#if:{{{Transliteration Dakuten|}}}|{{{Transliteration Dakuten}}}}}

|label4 = translit. with handakuten

|data4 = {{#if:{{{Transliteration Handakuten|}}}|{{{Transliteration Handakuten}}}}}

|label5 = hiragana origin

|data5 = {{lang|ja|}}

|label6 = katakana origin

|data6 = {{lang|ja|}}

|label7 = another katakana origin

|data7 = {{lang|ja|}}

|label8 = Man'yōgana

|data8 = 延 曳 睿 叡 盈 要 縁 裔 兄 柄 枝 吉 江 遥

|label9 = unicode

|data9 = U+1B001

}}

{{kana gojuon sidebar}}

{{One source|date=December 2020}}

Ye (hiragana: {{lang|ja|𛀁}}, katakana: {{lang|ja|エ}}, sometimes distinguished as {{lang|ja|𛄡}}) is a Japanese mora or a kana used to write it, no longer in standard use.Iannacone, Jake (2020). [https://kobunworld.blog.fc2.com/blog-entry-5.html "Reply to The Origin of Hiragana /wu/ 平仮名のわ行うの字源に対する新たな発見"] 生𛀁す (payesu) is an old Japanese word, which is assumed to be the intransitive form of 生ゆ (payu; to sprout.) It is one of the only words that uses the "𛀁" kana.

History

It is presumed that {{lang|ja|𛀁}} would have represented {{IPA|ja|je||Ja-Ie.oga}}{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}}. In the 10th century, e and ye progressively merged into ye, and then during the Edo period the pronunciation changed from /je/ to /e/.

However, during the Meiji period, linguists almost unanimously agreed on the kana for yi, ye, and wu. {{lang|ja|𛀆}} and {{lang|ja|𛄢}} are thought to have never occurred as morae in Japanese, and {{lang|ja|𛀁}} was merged with {{lang|ja|}} and {{lang|ja|}}.

Characters

= Nara period–Heian period =

Japanese people separated e and ye in Man'yōgana, early Hiragana and early Katakana.

class="wikitable"

|+

! !! e !! ye

Man'yōgana『世界の文字の図典普及版』2009年, 世界の文字研究会, 吉川弘文館

| 愛,哀,埃,衣,依,榎,荏,得,"可愛"

| 延,曳,睿,叡,盈,要,縁,裔,兄,柄,枝,吉,江

Hiragana[http://daijirin.dual-d.net/extra/hiragana.html 平仮名(大辞林特別ページ)]石塚秀雄 [https://seisa.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/56 「『土佐日記』における仮名表記の特色:「ア行のエ」「ヤ行のエ」に注目して」]

| え etc.

| 20px etc.

Katakana[http://daijirin.dual-d.net/extra/katakana.html 片仮名(大辞林特別ページ)]

| file:Unicode Japanese Katakana Old E.png etc.

| エ etc.

After that, e and ye merged into ye in the 10th century, before eventually evolving back to e.Frellesvig, Bjarke (1995). A Case Study in Diachronic Phonology: The Japanese Onbin Sound Changes. Aarhus University Press. p. 73

= Edo period–Meiji period =

In the Edo period and the Meiji period, some Japanese linguists tried to separate kana e and kana ye again. The shapes of characters differed with each linguist. 𛀁 and 𛄡 were just two of many shapes.

They were phonetic symbols to fill in the blanks of gojuon table. Japanese people didn't separate them in normal writing.

class="wikitable"
! e

! ye

Traditional kana

|

  • [https://nierlib.nier.go.jp/lib/database/KINDAI/EG00001141/ 綴字篇] (Hiragana)
  • 20px (A variant form of え. Hiragana.)
  • エ (Katakana)

|

  • え (Hiragana)
  • 𛀁 (A variant form of え. Hiragana.)
  • 20px[http://www.katch.ne.jp/~leque/text/eyebenshouho/eyebenshouho.html 古言衣延辨證補] (A variant form of え. Hiragana.)
  • 20px[https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/993449/16 音韻啓蒙 : 2巻. 上巻] (A variant form of え. Hiragana.)
  • 20px (A variant form of え. Hiragana.)
  • (Katakana)
Constructed kana

|

  • 20px (A part of 衣. Katakana.)
  • 20px (A part of 衣. Katakana.)
  • 20px (A part of 衣. Katakana.)
  • 20px (A part of 衣. Katakana.)
  • 20px (A part of 衣. Katakana.)

|

  • え゙[https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/863888/8 小学日本文典入門. 巻之1] (え with dots. Hiragana.)
  • エ゙ (エ with dots. Katakana.)
  • 20px[https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992530/19 日本文典大綱] (A part of 衣. Katakana.)
  • 20px[https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/862214/7 仮名遣の栞][https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1870622/12 日本新文典][https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/864155/14 日本文法問答. 初編] (A part of 衣. Katakana.)
  • 20px[https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/868800/8 新式漢文捷径初歩][https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/863879/15 実用日本語法 : 日清対訳] (A part of 衣. Katakana.)
  • 𛄡[https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/809773/15 小学教師心得・小学入門][https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/870104/6 英和単語図解. 前篇] (A part of 延. Katakana.)
  • 20px[https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992989/27 辞礎] (A part of 兄. Katakana.)
  • 20px (A part of 延. Katakana.)

These suggestions weren't accepted.

Unicode

The hiragana version is encoded as HIRAGANA LETTER ARCHAIC YE (with the normative alias of HENTAIGANA LETTER E-1) in the position U+1B001. The katakana version is encoded as KATAKANA LETTER ARCHAIC YE, in the position of U+1B121.

References

See also

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ye (Kana)}}

Category:Specific kana

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