Yellow-headed warbler
{{short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2022}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Yellow-headed warbler
| image = Yellow-headed Warbler (Teretistris fernandinae) cropped.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Teretistris
| species = fernandinae
| authority = (Lembeye, 1850)
| synonyms =
| range_map = Teretistris fernandinae map.svg
| range_map_caption =Teretistris fernandinae range
}}
The yellow-headed warbler (Teretistris fernandinae) is one of two species of bird in the Cuban warbler family Teretistridae. It is endemic to western Cuba.{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/enigmas/ |title=Caribbean "tanagers", Wrenthrush, Yellow-breasted Chat |website=IOC World Bird List |version =v 12.2 |editor-last1=Gill |editor-first1= F. |editor-last2=Donsker|editor-first2=D.|editor-last3=Rasmussen |editor-first3=P. |date=August 2022 |access-date=9 August 2022 }}
Taxonomy and systematics
The yellow-headed warbler shares its family and genus with the Oriente warbler (T. fornsi). They were originally placed in the New World warblers (Parulidae) but phylogenetic studies of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA led to reassessment of several genera and in 2017 the Cuban warblers were moved to their own family. Their closest relatives are the four members of family Spindalidae, the yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens), and the New World blackbirds of family Icteridae. Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Check-list of North American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society. https://checklist.aou.org/taxa
The yellow-headed warbler is monotypic.
Description
The yellow-headed warbler is about {{convert|13|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and weighs {{convert|6|to|18.5|g|oz|sigfig=2|abbr=on}}. Its entire head is yellow, with an olive tinge on the crown and nape. Its upperparts are gray and its underparts a lighter grayish white.Curson, J. (2020). Yellow-headed Warbler (Teretistris fernandinae), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.yehwar1.01 retrieved October 11, 2022
Distribution and habitat
The yellow-headed warbler is found in far western mainland Cuba, Isla de la Juventud (Isle of Pines), and the nearby Cayo Cantiles. It inhabits all available forest types as long as they have a relatively undisturbed understory, and also scrubby thickets in drier areas. In elevation it ranges from lowlands to high mountains.
Behavior
=Movement=
=Feeding=
=Breeding=
The yellow-headed warbler's breeding season is from March to July, with eggs laid in April and May. It makes a cup nest of grass, rootlets, and other plant fibers and usually places it fairly low in a bush, vine, or sapling. The clutch size is two or three eggs. The incubation period and time to fledging are not known.
{{birdsong|url=https://xeno-canto.org/species/Teretistris-fernandinae |species=yellow-headed warbler}}
=Vocalization=
Status
The IUCN has assessed the yellow-headed warbler as being of Least Concern. It has a small range and its population size is unknown but believed to be stable. No immeditate threats have been identified. It is considered common to very common within its range.
References
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Category:Endemic birds of Cuba
Category:Birds described in 1850