Yetminster

In 1086 in the Domesday Book Yetminster was recorded as Etiminstre;{{cite web |url=http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/dorset3.html#yetminster |title=Dorset S-Z |publisher=domesdaybook.co.uk |work=The Domesday Book Online |access-date=1 March 2015}} it had 76 households, 26 ploughlands, {{convert|42|acre|ha}} of meadow and 2 mills. It was in Yetminster Hundred and the tenant-in-chief was the Bishop of Salisbury.{{cite web |url=http://domesdaymap.co.uk/place/ST5910/yetminster/ |title=Place: Yetminster |publisher=domesdaymap.co.uk |work=Open Domesday |access-date=1 March 2015}}

The parish church of St Andrew has Saxon origins, though only part of a 10th-century standing cross remains from that period;{{cite web |url=http://www.dorsethistoricchurchestrust.co.uk/yetminster.htm |title=Yetminster St Andrews |publisher=dorsethistoricchurchestrust.co.uk |work=The Dorset Historic Churches Trust |access-date=3 March 2015}}Bettey, p27 the current building dates mostly from the mid-15th century, though the chancel was built around 1300 and the whole church was restored in 1890 and several times subsequently.{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/rchme/dorset/vol1/pp270-274 |title='Yetminster', in An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Dorset, Volume 1, West (London, 1952), pp. 270–274 |publisher=University of London |work=British History Online |access-date=2 March 2015}}

In 1300 the bishop of Salisbury founded a weekly market and three-day annual fair in the village. Records do not state whether the market thrived, but the fair continued until the 19th century.Bettey, p65 It was revived in the 20th century,{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} and today takes place on the second Saturday in July.

Robert Boyle, pioneer of modern chemistry who is best known for Boyle's law, left an endowment for the provision of a school for poor boys in the district; the building was constructed in 1697 and functioned as a school between 1711 and 1945.{{cite web|title=Boyle's School, Yetminster ...|url=http://www.bbk.ac.uk/boyle/boyle_whatsnew/on_the_boyle_issue_08.htm#school|website=Robert Boyle website|date=December 2007}}

In the early 19th century, several buildings in the village accommodated a thriving dowlas industry.Hall, J. J. (1898). James Padbury, obit. The Horological Journal October 1898, vol. 41. The British Horological Institute, Newark. Records from 1848 indicate Yetminster's degree of self-sufficiency as a community; nearly 20 trades and crafts were conducted in the village, including a glazier, a saddler, several shoe and boot makers, a tailor and a maltster.Bettey, p134

In 1857 the Wilts, Somerset and Weymouth Railway between Weymouth and Westbury opened; it passed through Yetminster and a station was built for the village.Bettey, p86

Many of the buildings still standing in the village were built from the local limestone between the end of the 16th and the middle of the 18th centuries,{{cite book |title=Dorset Villages |first=Roland |last=Gant |year=1980 |publisher=Robert Hale Ltd |page=68 |isbn=0-7091-8135-3}} resulting in an unusually unified architectural appearance. Writing in 1905 Sir Frederick Treves described the village as "probably the most consistent old-world village or townlet in the county",Treves, Sir F., Highways and Byways in Dorset, Macmillan, 1905, p321 in 1965 Ralph Wightman stated that "Yetminster [...] is the nearest Dorset equivalent to the stone building of the Cotswold country",{{cite book |title=Portrait of Dorset |first=Ralph |last=Wightman |publisher=Robert Hale Ltd |page=145 |edition=4 |isbn=0-7090-0844-9 |year=1983 |orig-year=1965}} and in 1980 Roland Gant wrote that "little has come since to spoil this largish village."

Yetminster is within an electoral ward that bears its name and includes Chetnole and the surrounding area. The population of this ward in the 2011 census was 1,564.{{cite web|url=http://www.ukcensusdata.com/yetminster-e05003769#sthash.5EPbORoQ.dpbs|title=Ward population 2011 |access-date=26 February 2015}} The ward is one of 32 that comprise the West Dorset parliamentary constituency.

Measured directly, Yetminster village is about {{convert|4|mi|km}} southwest of Sherborne, {{convert|4|mi|km}} southeast of Yeovil, {{convert|13.5|mi|km}} northeast of Bridport and {{convert|14|mi|km}} north-northwest of Dorchester.Bartholomew (1980) National Map Series, Sheet 4 (Dorset), {{ISBN|0-7028-0327-8}}

The geology of the parish comprises a narrow central band of Middle Jurassic cornbrash limestone and Forest Marble that crosses the parish from west to east, with Upper Jurassic Oxford clay to the north and south. In the southeast and northeast the Oxford clay is overlain by Quaternary undifferentiated head deposits. The village is sited on the cornbrash.British Geological Survey (1973) England and Wales 1:50,000 Series, Sheet 312 (Yeovil), XE312C

In the 2011 census Yetminster civil parish had 531 dwellings, 498 households and a population of 1,105. {{#expr:15.7+9.5+2.5+1.3}}% of residents were age 65 or over, compared to {{#expr:8.6+5.5+1.5+0.8}}% for England as a whole.{{NOMIS2011|id=2092957699|title=England Country|fewer-links=yes|access-date=7 February 2018}}

The population of the parish in the censuses between 1921 and 2001 is shown in the table below:

Yetminster does not lie on a main road and experiences mostly local traffic. It has its own railway station (on the Heart of Wessex Line), which is sited close to the village centre. St Andrews Church has a 300-year-old faceless clock which chimes the national anthem every three hours. As well as the expected local store and pub, Yetminster still possesses a variety of village amenities and services, including a GP surgery and health centre, and a sports/social club with playing grounds and tennis court.

File:Upbury Farm, Church Street, Yetminster - geograph.org.uk - 438273.jpg

Yetminster was the birthplace of Benjamin Jesty (c.1736–1816), a farmer who lived in the village for much of his life, who is notable for his early experiment in inducing immunity against smallpox using deliberate inoculation with the less virulent cowpox. Unlike Edward Jenner, a medical doctor who is given broad credit for developing the smallpox vaccine in 1796, Jesty did not publicise his findings, even though they were made some twenty years earlier in 1774.{{cite ODNB | title="Jesty, Benjamin (bap. 1736, d. 1816)", rev. | author=J. R Smith | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/37605| access-date=26 October 2006| doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/37605 | year=2004 }}{{cite web | title="Great strength of mind" in a rediscovered portrait | author=William Schupbach |work=Wellcome Trust| url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/2006/Features/WTX033489.htm| access-date=26 October 2006}} Only two people pre-dated Jesty's work.{{Cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/greatestkillersm0000hopk | url-access=registration | page=[https://archive.org/details/greatestkillersm0000hopk/page/80 80] | quote=Jobst Bose vaccine. |title = The Greatest Killer: Smallpox in History| publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn = 9780226351681|last1 = Hopkins|first1 = Donald R.|date = 15 September 2002}}*Peter C. Plett: Peter Plett und die übrigen Entdecker der Kuhpockenimpfung vor Edward Jenner. In: [http://www.steiner-verlag.de/Sudhoff/ Sudhoffs Archiv], Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Band 90, Heft 2, Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 2006, S. 219–232 ({{ISSN|0039-4564}}){{cite book |title=The Greatest Killer: Smallpox in History|last=Hopkins|first=Donald R. |year=2002 |publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=0-226-35168-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/greatestkillersm0000hopk |url-access=registration|quote=fewster Cow pox and its ability to prevent smallpox.|page=[https://archive.org/details/greatestkillersm0000hopk/page/80 80]}} There is a blue plaque commemorating Jesty's pioneering work at Upbury Farm, near to the church.

English folk music group The Yetties met in the Yetminster Scout Group in the mid-1950s and took their name from the village.{{cite web | title=The Yetties, A Dorset folk-group| url=https://theyetties.com/| access-date=26 September 2021}}

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• {{cite book |title=Dorset |first=J. H. |last=Bettey |year=1974 |publisher=David & Charles |series=City & County Histories |isbn=0-7153-6371-9}}

{{Commons category|Yetminster}}

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Category:Villages in Dorset