Yttrium(III) fluoride
{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 470635281
| Name = Yttrium(III) fluoride
| ImageFile = Kristallstruktur Yttrium(III)-fluorid.png
| ImageName = Yttrium(III) fluoride
| OtherNames = yttrium trifluoride
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 75502
| InChI = 1/3FH.Y/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
| InChIKey = RBORBHYCVONNJH-DFZHHIFOAP
| SMILES = F[Y](F)F
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/3FH.Y/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| CASNo = 13709-49-4
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = V8QS7WES60
| PubChem = 83679
| EC_number = 237-257-5
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = YF3
| MolarMass = 145.90 g mol−1
| Appearance = white powder
| Density = 4.01 g cm−3
| Solubility = insoluble
| Solvent = acid
| SolubleOther = soluble
| MeltingPtC = 1387
| BoilingPtC = 2230
| RefractIndex = 1.51 (500 nm)
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = Orthorhombic, oP16, SpaceGroup = Pnma, No. 62
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS =
| NFPA-H =
| NFPA-R =
| NFPA-F =
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|312|315|319|332|335}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|264|270|271|280|301+312|302+352|304+312|304+340|305+351+338|312|321|322|330|332+313|337+313|362|363|403+233|405|501}}
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = Yttrium(III) chloride
Yttrium(III) bromide
Yttrium(III) iodide
| OtherCations = Scandium(III) fluoride
Lutetium(III) fluoride
}}
}}
Yttrium(III) fluoride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula Y F3. It is not known naturally in 'pure' form. The fluoride minerals containing essential yttrium include tveitite-(Y) (Y,Na)6Ca6Ca6F42 and gagarinite-(Y) NaCaY(F,Cl)6. Sometimes mineral fluorite contains admixtures of yttrium.{{Cite journal|last=Dinér|first=Peter|date=February 2016|title=Yttrium from Ytterby|journal=Nature Chemistry|language=en|volume=8|issue=2|pages=192|doi=10.1038/nchem.2442|pmid=26791904|issn=1755-4349|doi-access=free|bibcode=2016NatCh...8..192D }}{{Cite web|date=2021-01-21|title=Tiny particles produce huge photon avalanches|url=https://physicsworld.com/tiny-particles-produce-huge-photon-avalanches/|access-date=2021-06-11|website=Physics World|language=en-GB|archive-date=2022-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119095555/https://physicsworld.com/a/tiny-particles-produce-huge-photon-avalanches/|url-status=live}}
Synthesis
YF3 can be produced by reacting fluorine with yttria or yttrium hydroxide with hydrofluoric acid.{{Citation |last1=SCHENK |first1=P.W. |title=Preparative Methods |date=1963 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9 |work=Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry |pages=3–107 |access-date=2023-12-24 |publisher=Elsevier |last2=BRAUER |first2=G. |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9 |isbn=978-0-12-395590-6 |archive-date=2024-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240305154732/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123955906500089?via%3Dihub |url-status=live }}
:Y(OH)3 + 3HF → YF3 + 3H2O
Properties
Yttrium(III) fluoride has a refractive index of 1.51 at 500 nm{{Cite web |date=2007-09-28 |title=General Reserch Institute Nonferrous Metals |url=http://en.grinm.com/channel.do?cmd=preview&id=348&&nid=1254 |access-date=2023-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928110301/http://en.grinm.com/channel.do?cmd=preview&id=348&&nid=1254 |archive-date=2007-09-28 }} and is transparent in the range from 193 nm to 14,000 nm (i.e. from the UV to IR range).
Pure yttrium can be obtained from yttrium(III) fluoride by reduction with calcium.
Yttrium(III) fluoride crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system, with space group Pnma (space group no. 62), with the lattice parameters a = 6.3537 Å, b = 6.8545 Å, c = 4.3953 Å.{{Cite journal |last1=Cheetham |first1=A. K. |last2=Norman |first2=N. |last3=Hope |first3=Håkon |last4=Kjekshus |first4=Arne |last5=Klewe |first5=Bernt |last6=Powell |first6=D. L. |date=1974 |title=The Structures of Yttrium and Bismuth Trifluorides by Neutron Diffraction. |journal=Acta Chemica Scandinavica |volume=28a |pages=55–60 |doi=10.3891/acta.chem.scand.28a-0055 |issn=0904-213X|doi-access=free }} Yttrium is nine times coordinated by fluorine atoms.
Occurrence and uses
It occurs as the mineral waimirite-(Y).{{cite web |url=https://www.mindat.org/min-46049.html |title=Waimirite-(Y): Mineral information, data and localities. |access-date=2017-03-10 |archive-date=2022-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111020721/https://www.mindat.org/min-46049.html |url-status=live }}
Yttrium(III) fluoride can be used for the production of metallic yttrium,{{Cite web |title=Yttrium Fluoride, YF3 - For Optical Coating |url=http://www.cerac.com/pubs/proddata/yf3.pdf |access-date=2023-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705064306/http://www.cerac.com/pubs/proddata/yf3.pdf |archive-date=2010-07-05 }} thin films, glasses{{Cite web |title=Yttrium Fluoride 99%-99.999% from Metall Rare Earth Limited |url=http://www.metall.com.cn/yf.htm |access-date=2023-12-24 |website=www.metall.com.cn |archive-date=2023-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224172242/http://www.metall.com.cn/yf.htm |url-status=live }} and ceramics.
Hazards
References
{{Yttrium compounds}}
{{fluorine compounds}}