ZFY

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

Zinc finger Y-chromosomal protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZFY gene of the Y chromosome.{{cite journal | vauthors = Müller G, Schempp W | title = Mapping the human ZFX locus to Xp21.3 by in situ hybridization | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 82 | issue = 1 | pages = 82–4 | date = April 1989 | pmid = 2497060 | doi = 10.1007/BF00288279 | s2cid = 27908892 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ZFY zinc finger protein, Y-linked| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7544}}

This gene encodes a zinc finger-containing protein that may function as a transcription factor. This gene was once a candidate gene for the testis-determining factor (TDF) and was erroneously referred to as TDF.

Humans express a single ZFY gene with two splice variants, while mice express two paralogous copies, Zfy1 and Zfy2.{{cite journal | vauthors = Vernet N, Mahadevaiah SK, de Rooij DG, Burgoyne PS, Ellis PJ | title = Zfy genes are required for efficient meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) in spermatocytes | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 25 | issue = 24 | pages = 5300–5310 | date = December 2016 | pmid = 27742779 | pmc = 5418838 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/ddw344 }} During spermatogenesis, wrongful expression of either Zfy1 or Zfy2 results in programmed cell death, apoptosis, at the mid-pachytene checkpoint. In mice, Zfy genes are necessary for meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI). In Zfy knockout spermatocytes, sex chromosomes are incorrectly silenced. Thus, Zfy performs three functions at the mid-pachytene checkpoint: (1) promote MSCI, (2) monitor MSCI progress, and (3) execute cells, via apoptosis, that fail to undergo MSCI.

In humans, ZFY is broadly expressed across tissues with particularly high expression in the testis.{{cite web | title = ZFY Gene |url= https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=ZFY#expression | work = GeneCards |access-date=2025-02-05}}

Disorders associated with the ZFY gene include campomelic dysplasia, cystadenofibroma, and Frasier syndrome.{{Cite web|url=https://www.malacards.org/search/results/ZFY |title =MalaCards: Search Human Diseases - ZFY | work = Mala Cards |access-date=2019-04-15}}

References

== Further reading ==

{{cite journal | vauthors = Merchant-Larios H, Moreno-Mendoza N | title = Onset of sex differentiation: dialog between genes and cells | journal = Archives of Medical Research | volume = 32 | issue = 6 | pages = 553–8 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11750730 | doi = 10.1016/S0188-4409(01)00317-4 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Kochoyan M, Havel TF, Nguyen DT, Dahl CE, Keutmann HT, Weiss MA | title = Alternating zinc fingers in the human male associated protein ZFY: 2D NMR structure of an even finger and implications for "jumping-linker" DNA recognition | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 30 | issue = 14 | pages = 3371–86 | date = April 1991 | pmid = 1849423 | doi = 10.1021/bi00228a004 | s2cid = 24544613 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Kochoyan M, Keutmann HT, Weiss MA | title = Alternating zinc fingers in the human male associated protein ZFY: refinement of the NMR structure of an even finger by selective deuterium labeling and implications for DNA recognition | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 30 | issue = 29 | pages = 7063–72 | date = July 1991 | pmid = 1854720 | doi = 10.1021/bi00243a005 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = North M, Sargent C, O'Brien J, Taylor K, Wolfe J, Affara NA, Ferguson-Smith MA | title = Comparison of ZFY and ZFX gene structure and analysis of alternative 3' untranslated regions of ZFY | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 19 | issue = 10 | pages = 2579–86 | date = May 1991 | pmid = 2041734 | pmc = 328173 | doi = 10.1093/nar/19.10.2579 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Palmer MS, Berta P, Sinclair AH, Pym B, Goodfellow PN | title = Comparison of human ZFY and ZFX transcripts | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 87 | issue = 5 | pages = 1681–5 | date = March 1990 | pmid = 2308929 | pmc = 53546 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.87.5.1681 | bibcode = 1990PNAS...87.1681P | doi-access = free }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Affara NA, Chambers D, O'Brien J, Habeebu SS, Kalaitsidaki M, Bishop CE, Ferguson-Smith MA | title = Evidence for distinguishable transcripts of the putative testis determining gene (ZFY) and mapping of homologous cDNA sequences to chromosomes X,Y and 9 | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 17 | issue = 8 | pages = 2987–99 | date = April 1989 | pmid = 2498838 | pmc = 317707 | doi = 10.1093/nar/17.8.2987 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Lau YF, Chan KM | title = The putative testis-determining factor and related genes are expressed as discrete-sized transcripts in adult gonadal and somatic tissues | journal = American Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 45 | issue = 6 | pages = 942–52 | date = December 1989 | pmid = 2511751 | pmc = 1683462 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Page DC, Mosher R, Simpson EM, Fisher EM, Mardon G, Pollack J, McGillivray B, de la Chapelle A, Brown LG | title = The sex-determining region of the human Y chromosome encodes a finger protein | journal = Cell | volume = 51 | issue = 6 | pages = 1091–104 | date = December 1987 | pmid = 3690661 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90595-2 | s2cid = 7454260 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Tricoli JV, Bracken RB | title = ZFY gene expression and retention in human prostate adenocarcinoma | journal = Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer | volume = 6 | issue = 2 | pages = 65–72 | date = February 1993 | pmid = 7680890 | doi = 10.1002/gcc.2870060202 | s2cid = 7796123 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Erlandsson R, Wilson JF, Pääbo S | title = Sex chromosomal transposable element accumulation and male-driven substitutional evolution in humans | journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 804–12 | date = May 2000 | pmid = 10779541 | doi = 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026359 | doi-access = free }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Mittwoch U | title = Three thousand years of questioning sex determination | journal = Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics | volume = 91 | issue = 1–4 | pages = 186–91 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11173854 | doi = 10.1159/000056842 | s2cid = 20017749 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Skaletsky H, Kuroda-Kawaguchi T, Minx PJ, Cordum HS, Hillier L, Brown LG, Repping S, Pyntikova T, Ali J, Bieri T, Chinwalla A, Delehaunty A, Delehaunty K, Du H, Fewell G, Fulton L, Fulton R, Graves T, Hou SF, Latrielle P, Leonard S, Mardis E, Maupin R, McPherson J, Miner T, Nash W, Nguyen C, Ozersky P, Pepin K, Rock S, Rohlfing T, Scott K, Schultz B, Strong C, Tin-Wollam A, Yang SP, Waterston RH, Wilson RK, Rozen S, Page DC | title = The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes | journal = Nature | volume = 423 | issue = 6942 | pages = 825–37 | date = June 2003 | pmid = 12815422 | doi = 10.1038/nature01722 | bibcode = 2003Natur.423..825S | doi-access = free }}
{{cite journal | vauthors = Agate RJ, Choe M, Arnold AP | title = Sex differences in structure and expression of the sex chromosome genes CHD1Z and CHD1W in zebra finches | journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume = 21 | issue = 2 | pages = 384–96 | date = February 2004 | pmid = 14660691 | doi = 10.1093/molbev/msh027 | doi-access = free }}

Category:Genes on human chromosome Y