Zacatepec, Morelos

In pre-Columbian times Zacatepec was under the Tlahuica lordship of Cuauhnahuac (Cuernavaca). According to the tribute registration and to the list of tributary towns to Texcoco, analyzed by Blanca Maldonado, Zacatepec and Tetelpa were characterized by being a cotton-producing town with irrigation infrastructure tribute to the Triple Alliance (Acolhuas, Tepanecas, and Mexicas) dominant in the Valley of Mexico, from its total subordination in the year of 1437 during the Itzcoatl Empire.

After the conquest, Zacatepec fell under the jurisdiction of the Count of Oaxaca. After the Spanish conquest, evangelization of the area was the responsibility of the convent of Santo Domingo de Tlaquiltenango. In 1619, Pedro Cortés, Marqués del Valle, granted Juan Fernández Moradillo, 200 hectares of land along the Tetelpa river. Over the years, the land and sugar refinery passed to Diego de Mendoza, his son-in-law Mateo de Lizama his son-in-law, and Manuel Francisco de Verazategui. The lands of Zacatepec continued to belong to the convent of Santo Domingo de Tlaquiltenango; Manuel Francisco de Verazategui didn't pay his taxes in 1722, so the archbishop of Mexico City seized the land and granted power to Pablo de Arizabalo to sell it. The mill was acquired in 1741, by Blas Andreu de Olivan, along with the sugar mill of Santa Rosa Thirty Pesos.

The local civil authority at this time was in the town of Tetala, not Zacatepec; there is further evidence of this in an 1804 lawsuit against Domingo Coloma, owner of the hacienda of San Nicolás (today Galeana) and an alleged land grab. His defense? " [The peasants] earn more than they need… [they are] busy in various activities such as fishing for catfish, trout, roncal, and corbina… and [working as] muleteers and couriers." After all, the peasants were "far from being landless, they have leased them" and "at the moment several pieces are seen of public and notorious that their tenants planted of indigo". The peasants raised cattle and pigs; they grew corn, sesame, melons, watermelons, bananas, chilies, peanuts, tomatoes, avocados, prickly zapote, lemons, and oranges.

The independence of Mexico put Zacatepec in the State of Mexico until the creation of the State of Morelos in 1869.

On February 5, 1938, President Lázaro Cárdenas inaugurated, in what was once the hull of the old hacienda, the installations of the sugar mill that he had ordered to build, with social purposes, to improve the conditions of the ejidatarios and workers of the factory. Within this context was born the decision to elevate the municipality to Zacatepec. Thus, on December 25, 1938, the Governor of Morelos Elpidio Perdomo, promulgated Decree No. 17 whereby:

"Art. 1 .- The free municipality of Zacatepec, Morelos is created, which will be formed with the extension comprising the assistantships of Tetelpa, Galeana (the former hacienda of San Nicolás) and Zacatepec, the latter being the head of the aforementioned municipality and retaining each of them the denomination and limits that they currently have ".{{cite web |url=http://www.morelosturistico.com/espanol/pagina/z_60_Zacatepec__Historia.php |title=Zacatepec : Historia |website=www.morelosturistico.com |access-date=January 12, 2019}}

Zacatepec was one of the hardest-hit communities in Morelos state during the September 9, 2017 earthquake; ten people died,{{cite web |url=https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/politica/sismo-deja-en-amargura-en-zacatepec-el-municipio-azucarero |title=Sismo deja en amargura en Zacatepec, el municipio azucarero |website=www.eluniversal.com.mx |date= September 23, 2017|access-date=January 14, 2019}} 884 homes were damaged; nearly half of which were totally destroyed.{{Cite web |date=2017-10-20 |title=Jojutla, Tetela, Zacatepec, Ocuituco y Tlaquiltenango los municipios con más casas con daño total por el sismo |url=http://cadenasurmultimedios.mx/site/jojutla-tetela-zacatepec-ocuituco-y-tlaquiltenango-los-municipios-con-mas-casas-con-dano-total-por-el-sismo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113122443/http://cadenasurmultimedios.mx/site/jojutla-tetela-zacatepec-ocuituco-y-tlaquiltenango-los-municipios-con-mas-casas-con-dano-total-por-el-sismo/ |archive-date=2019-01-13 |access-date=2022-09-19 |website=Cadena Sur Multimedios |language=es}}

Olivia Ramirez Lamadrid of Panal (New Alliance) was elected Presidente Municipal (mayor) on July 1, 2018.{{Cite web |title=Governor-Elect Results 2017-2018 |url=http://impepac.mx/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Candidatos-electos-2018.pdf |access-date=2022-09-19 |website=Mexican Institute of Electoral Processes and Citizen Participation}}

The state of Morelos reported 505 infections and 59 deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico; nine infections were reported in Zacatepec as of May 4.{{cite web |title=Confirman 505 contagios de COVID-19 y 59 defunciones en Morelos |url=http://www.notimex.gob.mx/ntxnotaLibre/766110/confirman-505-contagios-de-covid-19-y-59-defunciones-en-morelos |website=www.notimex.gob.mx |access-date=May 9, 2020 |language=es}} Schools and many businesses were closed from mid March until June 1.{{cite web |last1=Redacción |first1=La |title=Situación actual del coronavirus Covid-19 en Morelos |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/159372-situacion-actual-del-coronavirus-covid-19-en-morelos.html |website=www.launion.com.mx |access-date=Apr 29, 2020 |language=es-es|trans-title=Present situation of coronavirus COVID-19 in Morelos}} The figures went up to 1,238 cases and 238 deaths on May 25; Zacatepec reported 36 cases.{{cite web |last1=Redacción |first1=La |title=Morelos está en la etapa de más alto riesgo de transmisión: SS |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/politica/noticias/160862-morelos-esta-en-la-etapa-de-mas-alto-riesgo-de-transmision-ss.html |website=La Unión |access-date=May 26, 2020 |language=es-es}} The local IMSS hospital mistakenly delivered two corpses to the wrong families on May 12.{{cite web |title=IMSS reconoce que intercambió cuerpos de dos fallecidos por COVID-19 en Zacatepec, Morelos |url=https://www.reporteindigo.com/reporte/imss-intercambia-cuerpos-de-dos-fallecidos-por-covid-19-en-zacatepec-morelos/ |website=Reporte Indigo |access-date=May 13, 2020 |language=es-ES}} On June 6, Zacatepec reported 58 infections and 15 deaths from the virus; the reopening of the state was pushed back until at least June 13.{{cite web |last1=Preciado |first1=Tlaulli |title=En Morelos autoridades reportan mil 633 casos confirmados acumulados de covid-19 y 320 decesos |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/161662-en-morelos-autoridades-reportan-mil-633-casos-confirmados-acumulados-de-covid-19-y-320-decesos.html |website=La Unión |access-date=June 7, 2020 |language=es-es}} Zacatepec reported 181 cases, 128 recuperations, and 4 deaths from the virus as of August 31.{{cite web |last1=Preciado |first1=Tlaulli |title=En Morelos, cinco mil 319 casos confirmados acumulados de covid-19 y mil 27 decesos |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/166780-en-morelos-cinco-mil-319-casos-confirmados-acumulados-de-covid-19-y-mil-27-decesos.html |website=La Unión |access-date=September 1, 2020 |language=es-es}} David Suayfeta, a doctor at the local IMSS hospital, was burned to death when an explosive device was thrown at his car on November 21.{{cite news |title=Lanzan explosivos contra médico del IMSS en Morelos; muere calcinado |url=https://aristeguinoticias.com/2111/mexico/lanzan-explosivos-contra-medico-del-imss-en-morelos-muere-calcinado/ |access-date=November 21, 2020 |work=Aristegui Noticias |date=November 21, 2020 |language=es}} Three hundred thirty-seven cases were reported on December 27, 2020.{{cite news |title=Llega Morelos a 1 mil 600 muertes por COVID19 |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/llega-morelos-1-mil-600-muertes-por-covid19 |access-date=December 28, 2020 |work=diariodemorelos.com |publisher=Diario de Morelos |date=December 27, 2020 |language=es}}

Former municipal president Francisco Salinas Sánchez (2015–2018) was arrested on corruption charges on August 5, 2020.{{cite web |title=Fiscalía Anticorrupción detuvo al exalcalde de Zacatepec, Paco Salinas |url=http://presentemorelos.com/fiscalia-anticorrupcion-detuvo-al-exalcalde-de-zacatepec-paco-salinas |website=Presente Morelos |access-date=August 6, 2020 |language=es |date=6 August 2020}}

There are a number of parks and gardens in Zacatepec, such as the "Miguel Hidalgo" garden in the zócalo of the municipality; the Liberal Garden located between the lienzo charro (rodeo) and the sugar mill on Morelos street; and the "Maestra Toyita Park", located on the outskirts of Tetelpa.{{cite web |url=http://www.guiaturisticamexico.com/municipio.php?id_e=17&id_Municipio=01138 |title=Zacatepec de Hidalgo, Morelos | Guia Turistica México |website=www.guiaturisticamexico.com |access-date=January 12, 2019}} There are spas such as Real de San Nicolás in Galeana (with 8 swimming pools){{cite web |url=http://www.balneariosmexico.com/balneario-real-de-san-nicolas.html |title=Balneario Real de San Nicolás Morelos, Balnearios de Mexico |website=www.balneariosmexico.com |access-date=January 14, 2019}} and Iguazú (with 7 pools) in Tetelpa.{{cite web |url=https://www.balneariosenmorelos.com.mx/index.php?q=parque_acuatico_iguazu |title=Parque Acuático Iguazú ubicado en el bello Estado de Morelos |website=www.balneariosenmorelos.com.mx |access-date=January 14, 2019}}

The festivals of Zacaptepec are June 29 in honor of the town's patron, "San Pedro Apóstol"; December 8 in honor of the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception; and December 13 to commemorate when Father Mariano Matamoros rose in arms for independence in 1810. Traditional festivals are accompanied by Chinelo dancers and brass bands, as well as dances of Tecuanes and Apaches. Traditional foods are white pork pozole, Chito, pork barbacoa, mixiote (steamed) fish, tamales, and clemole (meat and vegetable soup) seasoned with wild plum and tamarind.

The Cerro de la Tortuga state park in the Ejido de Tetelpa is one of the last remnants of low deciduous forest in the center-south of the State of Morelos and is the last ecosystem with wild plants and animals of the Municipality of Zacatepec. It features a ceremonial center, the church of San Esteban Tetelpa, and a community museum.

The principal economic activities of the municipal seat of Zacatepec of Hidalgo are farming (sorghum, corn, beans), ranching (cattle, goats, poultry, and pigs). The approximate number of inhabitants is 3,700. Its cultural attractions are the church of San Pedro and the museum of the priest Mariano Matamoros. Its trade is the production and sale of crystallized sweets.{{cite web |url=http://www.nuestro-mexico.com/Morelos/Zacatepec-de-Hidalgo/ |title=Zacatepec de Hidalgo |website=www.nuestro-mexico.com |access-date=January 14, 2019}}

San Nicolás Galeana has a population of 10,071. It is located at 930 meters above sea level.{{cite web |url=http://www.nuestro-mexico.com/Morelos/Zacatepec-de-Hidalgo/San-Nicolas-Galeana/ |title=San Nicolás Galeana |website=www.nuestro-mexico.com |access-date=January 14, 2019}} There are three preschools, two elementary primarias (grades 1–6), one secundaria (middle school, grades 7–9), one preparatoria (high school, grades 10–12), and one teachers' college (Universidad Pedagogica Nacional 17-1 Subsede Galeana).{{cite web |url=https://mexico.pueblosamerica.com/cc/san-nicolas-galeana |title=Colegios y Escuelas en San Nicolás Galeana (Morelos) |website=mexico.pueblosamerica.com |access-date=January 14, 2019}}

San Antonio Chiverías has a population of 1,031 and is located 945 at an altitude of 945 meters.{{cite web |url=http://www.nuestro-mexico.com/Morelos/Zacatepec-de-Hidalgo/Chiverias-San-Antonio-Chiverias/ |title=Chiverías (San Antonio Chiverías) |website=www.nuestro-mexico.com |access-date=January 14, 2019}} There is one preschool, one elementary school, and one middle school.{{cite web |url=https://mexico.pueblosamerica.com/cc/chiverias-san-antonio-chiverias |title=Colegios y Escuelas en San Antonio Chiverías (Morelos) |website=mexico.pueblosamerica.com |access-date=January 14, 2019}} Its principal economic activities are farming (rice, sorghum, and corn) and ranching (cattle, goats, pigs, and chickens).

Zacatepec is located in south-central Morelos at North 18°41' North and 99°11' West. It borders Puente de Ixtla and Tlaltizapán on the north, Tlaltizapán and Jojutla on the east, Jojutla on the south, and Jojutla and Puente de Ixtla to the west. It has an area of {{convert|26.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} that represents 0.5% of the total state of Morelos.{{cite web|url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM17morelos/municipios/17031a.html|publisher=Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de Mexico|title=Estado de Morelos: ZACATEPEC DE HIDALGO|access-date=February 18, 2019|language=es|trans-title=State of Morelos: Zacatepec of Hidalgo}}

Zacatepec is semi-dry with a poorly defined winter, dry fall, winter, and early spring, and a rainy season from June to October. The average temperature is {{convert|24.5|°C|°F|abbr=on}} and annual precipitation averages {{convert|844|mm|in|frac=4|abbr=on}}.{{Cite web|url=https://es.climate-data.org/america-del-norte/mexico/morelos/zacatepec-de-hidalgo-34247/|title=CLIMA ZACATEPEC DE HIDALGO|access-date=February 18, 2019|publisher=Climate-Data.org}}

Most of the municipality is in a valley and there are no mountains. The Cerro de La Tortuga (Turtle Hill) is located at 18°40' West and 99°13' North at an altitude {{convert|917|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}}above sea level. Cerro de la Tortuga is one of the last remnants of low deciduous forest in the center-south of the State of Morelos and is the last ecosystem with wild plants and animals of the Municipality of Zacatepec. Many of these species have high medicinal, craft, food, ornamental, or commercial uses. The area is a state park in the Ejido de Tetelpa and covers {{convert|310.2|ha|acre|abbr=off}}. There is a ceremonial center, the church of San Esteban Tetelpa, and a community museum. Part of the park is in Xoxocotla, Puente de Ixtla.{{cite web|url=http://sustentable.morelos.gob.mx/anp/cerro-de-la-tortuga|title=Parque Estatal Cerro de la Tortuga|publisher=Secretaria de Desarrollo Sustentable|date=September 5, 2012|access-date=February 18, 2019|language=es|trans-title=Cerro de la Tortuga State Park}}

The Apatlaco River crosses a small part of the municipality, passing Zacatepec, Tetelpa, and Galeana.

There is a quarry near the Cerro del Venado (Deer Hill) in the eastern part of the municipality. 68% ({{convert|1,175|ha|acre}}) of the land is cropland (sugar cane, rice, peanuts, watermelon, and melon), 14.5% is forest, and 18% other uses ({{convert|84|ha|acre}} fishing, {{convert|806|ha|acre}} industrial).

Much of Zacatepec consists of deciduous forest, of warm climate; jacaranda, tabachín, casahuate (a medium-sized tree with white flowers),{{cite web|url=http://herbolariosanonimos.blogspot.com/2010/11/casahuate-o-cazahuate.html|title=casahuate o cazahuate|publisher=Herbolarios Anonimos|date=November 2, 2010|access-date=February 18, 2019}} ceiba (a very large grayish-green tree with pink or white flowers that provide fruit){{cite web|url=http://etermagazine.com/sin-categoria/la-ceiba-arbol-sagrado-de-america/|title=La Ceiba: Árbol Sagrado De América|work=Eter Magazine|date=November 22, 2019|access-date=February 18, 2019|language=es|trans-title=La Ceiba: Sacred Tree Of America}} and bougainvillea. Wild animals include white-tailed deer, boar of collar, raccoon, badger, skunk, armadillo, hare, common rabbit, coyote, wildcat, weasel, cacomixtle, tlacuache (a member of the raccoon family), and bats, flagged bird, chachalaca, magpie copetona, vulture, aura (buzzard), crow, owl, and songbirds and ornamental birds.{{cite web|url=https://moleros.es.tl/031-Zacatepec.htm|access-date=February 18, 2019|title=Zacatepec|publisher=Estado de Morelos Tl}}

Agricultural crops include sugar cane, rice, corn, and beans. Fruit crops include mangoes, avocados, and guavas. Cattle, pork, sheep, and horses are ranched; poultry are also raised.

Zacatepec de Hidalgo has a football team, named Club Atlético Zacatepec, nicknamed Cañeros (Sugarcane growers). Their colors are white and green. Their uniform color is a white shirt with a big green line in the midsection and white shorts and socks. Their greatest achievements were in the 1950s when Zacatepec won two titles in Primera División de México (Mexico First Division): 1954–1955 season and 1957–1958 season. They were runners-up in the 1952–1953 season when they lost the league championship to Tampico. Zacatepec won the Copa Mexico (Mexico Cup) in the 1958–1959 season. The team plays in Tercera División de México (Third Division).

The head coach of Zacatepec during the 1950s was the Mexican Ignacio Trelles, who later became head coach of the Mexico national team in the 1962 FIFA World Cup in Chile and 1966 FIFA World Cup in England.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

Agustin "Coruco" Diaz stadium is the home venue of Zacatepec, founded in November 1954. It was inaugurated by the then-president of Mexico Adolfo López Mateos. The stadium is euphemistically called "la selva cañera" (the sugarcane jungle), due to Zacatepec's humid weather conditions. Zacatepec's motto is Hacer Deporte es Hacer Patria which means Doing sports is to be a patriot.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

• First Division championships: 2 (1954–1955 and 1957–1958)
• Cup championships: 1 (1958–1959)
• Second Division championships: 5 (1950–1951, 1962–1963, 1969–1970, 1977–1978, 1983–1984)

• {{flagicon|Czech Republic}} Turnov, Czech Republic
• {{flagicon|Cuba}} Cerro, Havana

• List of people from Morelos, Mexico

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category}}

• http://www.e-zacatepec.gob.mx/
• http://e-municipios.e-morelos.gob.mx/zacatepec.htm
• [http://www.e-zacatepec.gob.mx/ Ayuntamiento de Zacatepec] Municipal Government
• [http://www.itzacatepec.edu.mx/ Instituto Tecnológico de Zacatepec] Professional Education
• [http://www.zacatepecmorelos.com/ Información sobre el municipio] General Information
• [http://www.zacatepecfutbol.com/ Club de Futbol Zacatepec] Zacatepec's Football Club – Los Cañeros
• [http://ojoenzacatepec.blogspot.com/ Ojo en Zacatepec] Perspectivas del Ciudadano Común
• [http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/morelos// Historia de los municipios del estado de Morelos] Municipal History
• http://www.zacatepecfutbol.com/zetaweb/otras/esquemas.html
• [http://www.itzacatepec.edu.mx/ Zacatepec Technological Institute (Spanish)]

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{{Morelos}}

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Category:Municipalities of Morelos

Category:Populated places in Morelos

Category:Nahua settlements

Category:Municipality seats in Morelos